An Improved Method for the Determination of Potassium in Leucocytes

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Schlebusch ◽  
M. Sorger ◽  
A. Höck ◽  
F. KrüCk
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Intracellular Potassium Concentration ◽  
Better Than

1. in twenty normal subjects and five patients with disturbances of potassium balance, the potassium concentration in leucocytes was measured by a modified technique. 2. The precision of the method was three to four times greater than that of techniques previously described, with a coefficient of variation for duplicate analyses of 2.3%. 3. A comparison between intraleucocyte potassium concentration and total body potassium in five patients with pathological alterations in their potassium balance showed that intracellular potassium concentration may reflect the clinical state better than total body potassium.

scholarly journals Fluctuations in plasma potassium in patients on dialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii19-iii25
Author(s):  
Csaba P Kovesdy
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Potassium Balance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Plasma potassium concentration is maintained in a narrow range to avoid deleterious electrophysiologic consequences of both abnormally low and high levels. This is achieved by redundant physiologic mechanisms, with the kidneys playing a central role in maintaining both short-term plasma potassium stability and long-term total body potassium balance. In patients with end-stage renal disease, the lack of kidney function reduces the body’s ability to maintain normal physiologic potassium balance. Routine thrice-weekly dialysis therapy achieves long-term total body potassium mass balance, but the intermittent nature of dialytic therapy can result in wide fluctuations in plasma potassium concentration and consequently contribute to an increased risk of arrhythmogenicity. Various dialytic and nondialytic interventions can reduce the magnitude of these fluctuations, but the impact of such interventions on clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Relation of Arterial Pressure with Body Sodium, Body Potassium and Plasma Potassium in Essential Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Beretta-Piccoli ◽  
D. L. Davies ◽  
K. Boddy ◽  
J. J. Brown ◽  
A. M. M. Cumming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Body Sodium ◽  
Low Renin Hypertension ◽  
Total Body

1. Exchangeable sodium (NaE), plasma electrolytes and arterial pressure were measured in 121 normal subjects and 91 patients with untreated essential hypertension (diastolic >100 mmHg), 21 of whom had low-renin hypertension. Plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone were measured in all hypertensive patients, total body sodium, total body potassium and exchangeable potassium (KE) in some patients. 2. Mean NaE was not different in normal and hypertensive subjects provided the two groups were matched for leanness index. In the subgroup of young hypertensive patients aged 35 years or less mean NaE was below normal. NaE was not related to arterial pressure in normal subjects but in hypertensive patients there were positive and significant correlations of arterial pressure with NaE and with total body sodium. 3. NaE and total body sodium increased with age in hypertensive but not in normal subjects. Partial regression analysis suggested that the correlation of NaE with arterial pressure was not explained by an influence of age. 4. Mean NaE was not increased and mean KE was not decreased in patients with low-renin hypertension. 5. Plasma potassium concentration, KE and total body potassium correlated inversely and significantly with blood pressure in hypertensive patients. These correlations were more marked in young than in old patients. 6. Multiple regression analysis showed that the combination of NaE and plasma potassium concentration ‘explained’ more of the variation of systolic blood pressure in hypertensive patients than it did in normal subjects. Plasma potassium concentration ‘explained’ more of the variation in young hypertensives and NaE ‘explained’ more in older patients. 7. Our findings suggest that changes of plasma and body potassium are important in the earlier stages of essential hypertension and that changes of body sodium become important later.

Relation of Arterial Pressure with Exchangeable and Total Body Sodium and with Plasma Exchangeable and Total Body Potassium in Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 81s-84s ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Beretta-Piccoli ◽  
D. L. Davies ◽  
K. Boddy ◽  
J. J. Brown ◽  
A. M. M. Cumming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Body Sodium ◽  
Total Body

1. Arterial pressure, plasma electrolytes and exchangeable sodium were measured in 91 patients with essential hypertension and in 121 normal control subjects. Total body sodium, exchangeable potassium and total body potassium were also measured in some of the hypertensive patients. 2. Mean plasma sodium concentration was slightly but significantly lower in the hypertensive patients as a group, but mean values for other electrolyte measurements were close to normal or predicted normal. 3. Exchangeable sodium was not related to arterial pressure in normal subjects but in hypertensive patients exchangeable sodium correlated significantly with systolic and diastolic pressures. These correlations were significant with two methods of expressing exchangeable sodium, in the whole group of patients, in men and in older patients. Exchangeable sodium was not significantly related to arterial pressure in young patients. 4. Total body sodium also correlated significantly with systolic and diastolic pressures in hypertensive patients. 5. Exchangeable sodium was significantly related to age in hypertensive patients but not in normal subjects. Mean exchangeable sodium was significantly lower than normal in young patients. 6. Plasma potassium concentration was not related to arterial pressure in normal subjects but in essential hypertensive patients plasma potassium concentration, exchangeable potassium and total body potassium correlated negatively with systolic and diastolic pressures. These correlations were also significant in young, but not in old patients.

Hyperkalemia

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
Kenneth B. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Serum Potassium Concentration ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Total Body

Potassium is the major intracellular cation; only a very small fraction of total body potassium is in the intravascular space. Increased potassium concentration in serum is infrequent in pediatrics, but it can be life-threatening because of its effect on membrane potentials, particularly of heart muscle. The serum potassium concentration is affected primarily by the kidney. Potassium is filtered by the glomerulus, then reabsorbed and secreted by the tubule. Processes that interfere with filtration or secretion (eg, acute on chronic glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis) may cause hyperkalemia; processes that interfere with reabsorption may cause hypokalemia. The most common cause of an increased serum potassium is "pseudohyperkalemia" due to hemolysis or to tissue hypoxia distal to the placement of a tourniquet.

EFFECT OF POTASSIUM INTAKE ON THE FINAL STEPS OF ALDOSTERONE BIOSYNTHESIS IN THE RAT

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürg Müller ◽  
Klaus Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Zona Glomerulosa ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Aldosterone Production ◽  
Potassium Restriction ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

ABSTRACT Capsular adrenals ("zona glomerulosa") of rats which had been kept on a sodium- and potassium-deficient diet and which were markedly hypokalaemic, converted tritiated corticosterone to 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone, and tritiated cortexolone to cortisol at the same respective rates as the capsular adrenals of sodium- and potassium-replete animals. Aldosterone production from endogenous precursors was elevated under basal conditions of incubation, but not under stimulation by added serotonin. Corticosterone and deoxycorticosterone outputs were normal during incubation with or without serotonin. Capsular adrenals of rats which had been kept first on a potassium-deficient diet for two weeks and then on a sodium- and potassium-deficient diet for two weeks converted 18 times more tritiated corticosterone to 18-hydroxycorticosterone and aldosterone and produced 5 times more aldosterone from endogenous precursors than the tissue of rats which had been kept on the potassium-deficient diet for the whole period, although the serum potassium was similarly low in both groups. These results indicate that under simple potassium restriction as well as under combined sodium and potassium restriction, neither the plasma potassium concentration nor the total body potassium is the only regulator of the activity of the enzymes involved in the final steps of aldosterone biosynthesis.

Fluorometric assay for pancreatic lipase.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1532-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Salvayre ◽  
A Nègre ◽  
J Radom ◽  
L Douste-Blazy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Fluorometric Assay ◽  
Fluorometric Method ◽  
Turbidimetric Method ◽  
Better Than

Abstract We report a new fluorometric assay in which a fluorescent triglyceride is used for determining lipase activity in serum, and we compare it with turbidimetric and radiometric methods. Because this fluorometric method is at least 50-fold more sensitive than the turbidimetric method, we have been able to develop a micromethod that requires only very small amounts of substrate reagent and serum. The use of fluorescent-labeled fatty acids allows direct determination of the product of lipase action and obviates the use of a standard for calibrating the method. Results of the fluorometric method are well correlated with those of the radiometric and turbidimetric methods, and the precision of the fluorometric assay is better than that of the turbidimetric method. Reference values for normal subjects are between 0 and 120 mU/L.

Total Body Potassium in Relation to Thyroid Hormones and Hyperthyroidism

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Edmonds ◽  
T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Considerable Loss

1. Body weight and total body potassium were measured in 23 hyperthyroid patients before and at various stages during treatment and in 19 athyreotic patients who were being treated with high-dose l-thyroxine. 2. In the hyperthyroid patients the total body potassium rose by 23 ± 2.8% (sem) within a few weeks of restoring the blood thyroid hormone levels to normal. The body potassium values after treatment were close to that expected in these individuals if they were healthy indicating that a considerable loss of body potassium is usual in hyperthyroidism. 3. The gain of total body potassium in hyperthyroidism averaged 71 ± 8 mmol for each kg of body weight gained (compared with muscle potassium concentration of about 92 mmol/kg). In contrast, weight loss produced by dietary treatment of obesity caused very little change of body potassium (maximum averaged was 14 ± 4 mmol/kg wt. loss). 4. Among the patients with hyperthyroidism, the greatest muscular weakness was present in those with the greatest body potassium loss and these patients regained a large amount of potassium relative to weight on recovery. 5. Total body potassium changes were closely related to total plasma tri-iodothyronine concentrations but unrelated to the thyroxine levels.

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