Effects of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Small Intestinal Secretory and Absorptive Function: Studies in Rat Jejunum In Vitro

1. Recent initiatives which advocate an increase in dietary polyunsaturated fat intake have led to the study of the effects of this upon gastrointestinal function. 2. Weanling rats were for 21 weeks fed diets containing 10% fat that were either high or low in polyunsaturated fats. Jejunal function was studied in vitro in an Ussing chamber. 3. Basal intestinal short-circuit was similar in both groups. 4. A decreased EC50 for the non-neural electrogenic secretory responses to acetylcholine, bethanecol and isobutylmethylxanthine was apparent in the jejuna of rats fed a diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. 5. Submaximal electrogenic galactose absorption was increased in the rats fed a diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. 6. Changing the composition of dietary lipid resulted in a change in the fatty composition of the apical enterocyte membrane. 7. Diets high in polyunsaturated fatty acids may be both prosecretory and proabsorptive in the small intestine.

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Modulation of Small-Intestinal Secretion and Absorption in Chronic Vitamin E Deficiency: Studies in Rat Jejunum in vitro

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0850629 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 85 (5) ◽

pp. 629-635 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. J. Lindley ◽

D. P. R. Muller ◽

P. J. Milla

Keyword(s):

Vitamin E ◽

Short Circuit ◽

Ussing Chamber ◽

Short Circuit Current ◽

Intestinal Secretion ◽

Diarrhoeal Disease ◽

Vitamin E Deficiency ◽

Weanling Rats ◽

Small Intestinal

1. A vicious cycle of malabsorption and malnutrition has been implicated in the pathogenesis of protracted diarrhoeal disease in infancy. Vitamin E deficiency is common in malnourished infants with protracted diarrhoea. We have studied the effects of chronic vitamin E deficiency on small-inestinal secretion and absorption in the rat. 2. Weanling rats were fed vitamin E-sufficient or -deficient diets for 21 weeks. Jejunal function was studied in vitro in an Ussing chamber after this period. 3. Steady-state isotopic flux experiments in unstimulated tissues demonstrated net Na+ and Cl−secretion in vitamin E-deficient jejuna but net Na+ and Cl− absorption in vitamin E-sufficient jejuna. 4. Basal intestinal short-circuit current was the same in both groups. 5. Cyclic nucleotide and maximal non-neuronal acetylcholine-mediated electrogenic secretion were increased in vitamin E-deficient jejuna. 6. Exogenous 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) induced a smaller increment in electrogenic secretion in vitamin E-deficient jejuna. 7. Vitamin E-deficient jejuna were less responsive to exogenous noradrenaline, resulting in a smaller α2-adrenergic-mediated decrease in intestinal short-circuit current. 8. Fasting for 72 h produced a greater increment in intestinal short-circuit current in vitamin E-deficient jejuna. 9. Chronic vitamin E deficiency is prosecretory in the small intestine and may predispose to the perpetuation of protracted diarrhoeal diseases.

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The biohydrogenation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids determined in-vitro

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200005299 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 2001 ◽

pp. 147-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.L. Cooper ◽

L.A. Sinclair ◽

J. A. Huntington ◽

R.G. Wilkinson ◽

S. Chikunya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Microbial Activity ◽

Dietary Lipid ◽

Gas Production ◽

Current Experiment ◽

Production Technique ◽

Pufa Content ◽

Ruminal Biohydrogenation

Unprotected n-3 PUFA supplements fed to ruminants are subject to lipolysis and biohydrogenation in the rumen (Wachira et al. 1998). Improving the n-3 PUFA content of ruminant products therefore requires some form of protection of dietary lipid from microbial activity in the rumen. The in-vitro incubation of PUFA sources offers the opportunity of rapidly determining the level of protection offered against ruminal biohydrogenation. The objectives of the current experiment were therefore to determine the biohydrogenation of a number of sources containing a-linolenic acid using the in-vitro gas production technique.

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N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Modulate In-Vitro T Cell Function in Type I Diabetic Patients

Lipids ◽

10.1007/s11745-008-3176-3 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 485-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sid Ahmed Merzouk ◽

Meriem Saker ◽

Karima Briksi Reguig ◽

Nassima Soulimane ◽

Hafida Merzouk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

T Cell ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type I ◽

T Cell Function

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n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids provoke a specific transcriptional profile in rabbit adipose‐derived stem cells in vitro

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition ◽

10.1111/jpn.13075 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (3) ◽

pp. 925-934

Author(s):

Eкaterina Vackova ◽

Darko Bosnakovski ◽

Bodil Bjørndal ◽

Penka Yonkova ◽

Natalia Grigorova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Transcriptional Profile ◽

Adipose Derived Stem Cells

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Various dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate acrylamide-induced preneoplatic urothelial proliferation and apoptosis in mice

Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology ◽

10.1016/j.etp.2008.12.007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 9-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xichun Zhang ◽

Congcong Zhao ◽

Baoshi Jie

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽

Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

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INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN HL-60 CELLS BY DIETARY POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS.

Shock ◽

10.1097/00024382-200106001-00219 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 15 (Supplement) ◽

pp. 73-74

Author(s):

R. Gillis ◽

P. Tithof ◽

N. Neilsen ◽

M. Barnhill ◽

R. Andrews ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Induction Of Apoptosis

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Quantification of Volatile Aldehydes Deriving from In Vitro Lipid Peroxidation in the Breath of Ventilated Patients

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26113089 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 3089

Author(s):

Lukas M. Müller-Wirtz ◽

Daniel Kiefer ◽

Sven Ruffing ◽

Timo Brausch ◽

Tobias Hüppe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Breathing Circuit ◽

Aliphatic Aldehydes ◽

Mechanically Ventilated ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Plastic Parts ◽

Ventilated Patients

Exhaled aliphatic aldehydes were proposed as non-invasive biomarkers to detect increased lipid peroxidation in various diseases. As a prelude to clinical application of the multicapillary column–ion mobility spectrometry for the evaluation of aldehyde exhalation, we, therefore: (1) identified the most abundant volatile aliphatic aldehydes originating from in vitro oxidation of various polyunsaturated fatty acids; (2) evaluated emittance of aldehydes from plastic parts of the breathing circuit; (3) conducted a pilot study for in vivo quantification of exhaled aldehydes in mechanically ventilated patients. Pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, and nonanal were quantifiable in the headspace of oxidizing polyunsaturated fatty acids, with pentanal and hexanal predominating. Plastic parts of the breathing circuit emitted hexanal, octanal, nonanal, and decanal, whereby nonanal and decanal were ubiquitous and pentanal or heptanal not being detected. Only pentanal was quantifiable in breath of mechanically ventilated surgical patients with a mean exhaled concentration of 13 ± 5 ppb. An explorative analysis suggested that pentanal exhalation is associated with mechanical power—a measure for the invasiveness of mechanical ventilation. In conclusion, exhaled pentanal is a promising non-invasive biomarker for lipid peroxidation inducing pathologies, and should be evaluated in future clinical studies, particularly for detection of lung injury.

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