Separating Contributions of Hearing, Lexical Knowledge, and Speech Production to Speech-Perception Scores in Children With Hearing Impairments

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise E. Paatsch ◽  
Peter J. Blamey ◽  
Julia Z. Sarant ◽  
Lois F. A. Martin ◽  
Catherine P. Bow
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Lexical Knowledge ◽  
Open Set

Open-set word and sentence speech-perception test scores are commonly used as a measure of hearing abilities in children and adults using cochlear implants and/or hearing aids. These tests are usually presented auditorily with a verbal response. In the case of children, scores are typically lower and more variable than for adults with hearing impairments using similar devices. It is difficult to interpret children’s speech-perception scores without considering the effects of lexical knowledge and speech-production abilities on their responses. This study postulated a simple mathematical model to describe the effects of hearing, lexical knowledge, and speech production on the perception test scores for monosyllabic words by children with impaired hearing. Thirty-three primary-school children with impaired hearing, fitted with hearing aids and/or cochlear implants, were evaluated using speech-perception, reading-aloud, speech-production, and language measures. These various measures were incorporated in the mathematical model, which revealed that performance in an open-set word-perception test in the auditory-alone mode is strongly dependent on residual hearing levels, lexical knowledge, and speech-production abilities. Further applications of the model provided an estimate of the effect of each component on the overall speech-perception score for each child.

Comparison of open-set speech-perception performance of children with cochlear implants and hearing aids

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
Min-Jung Heo ◽  
Lee-Suk Kim ◽  
Woo-Yong Bae ◽  
Young-Deok Park
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Open Set

Relationships Among Speech Perception, Production, Language, Hearing Loss, and Age in Children With Impaired Hearing

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Blamey ◽  
Julia Z. Sarant ◽  
Louise E. Paatsch ◽  
Johanna G. Barry ◽  
Catherine P. Bow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Language Measures ◽  
Hearing Children ◽  
Over Time

Eighty-seven primary-school children with impaired hearing were evaluated using speech perception, production, and language measures over a 3-year period. Forty-seven children with a mean unaided pure-tone-average hearing loss of 106 dB HL used a 22-electrode cochlear implant, and 40 with a mean unaided puretone-average hearing loss of 78 dB HL were fitted with hearing aids. All children were enrolled in oral/aural habilitation programs, and most attended integrated classes with normally hearing children for part of the time at school. Multiple linear regression was used to describe the relationships among the speech perception, production, and language measures, and the trends over time. Little difference in the level of performance and trends was found for the two groups of children, so the perceptual effect of the implant is equivalent, on average, to an improvement of about 28 dB in hearing thresholds. Scores on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals showed an upward trend at about 60% of the rate for normally hearing children. Rates of improvement for individual children were not correlated significantly with degree of hearing loss. The children showed a wide scatter about the average speech production score of 40% of words correctly produced in spontaneous conversations, with no significant upward trend with age. Scores on the open-set Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) monosyllabic word test and the Bench-Kowal-Bamford (BKB) sentence test were strongly related to language level (as measured by an equivalent age on the PPVT) and speech production scores for both auditory-visual and auditory test conditions. After allowing for differences in language, speech perception scores in the auditory test condition showed a slight downward trend over time, which is consistent with the known biological effects of hearing loss on the auditory periphery and brainstem. Speech perception scores in the auditory condition also decreased significantly by about 5% for every 10 dB of hearing loss in the hearing aid group. The regression analysis model allows separation of the effects of language, speech production, and hearing levels on speech perception scores so that the effects of habilitation and training in these areas can be observed and/or predicted. The model suggests that most of the children in the study will reach a level of over 90% sentence recognition in the auditory-visual condition when their language becomes equivalent to that of a normally hearing 7-year-old, but they will enter secondary school at age 12 with an average language delay of about 4 or 5 years unless they receive concentrated and effective language training.

Comparison of open-set speech-perception performance of children with cochlear implants and hearing aids

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (S1) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
Min-Jung Heo ◽  
Lee-Suk Kim ◽  
Woo-Yong Bae ◽  
Young-Deok Park
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Open Set

scholarly journals Phonological Awareness and Print Knowledge of Preschool Children With Cochlear Implants

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E. Ambrose ◽  
Marc E. Fey ◽  
Laurie S. Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Print Knowledge ◽  
Age Appropriate

PurposeTo determine whether preschool-age children with cochlear implants have age-appropriate phonological awareness and print knowledge and to examine the relationships of these skills with related speech and language abilities.MethodThe sample comprised 24 children with cochlear implants (CIs) and 23 peers with normal hearing (NH), ages 36 to 60 months. Children's print knowledge, phonological awareness, language, speech production, and speech perception abilities were assessed.ResultsFor phonological awareness, the CI group's mean score fell within one standard deviation of the Test of Preschool Early Literacy's (Lonigan, Wagner, Torgesen, & Rashotte, 2007) normative sample mean but was more than one standard deviation below the NH group mean. The CI group's performance did not differ significantly from that of the NH group for print knowledge. For the CI group, phonological awareness and print knowledge were significantly correlated with language, speech production, and speech perception. Together these predictor variables accounted for 34% of variance in the CI group's phonological awareness but no significant variance in their print knowledge.ConclusionsChildren with CIs have the potential to develop age-appropriate early literacy skills by preschool age but are likely to lag behind their NH peers in phonological awareness. Intervention programs serving these children should target these skills with instruction and by facilitating speech and language development.

Comparison of speech perception abilities in deaf children with hearing aids or cochlear implants

1991 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Miyamoto ◽  
Mary Joe Osberger ◽  
Amy M. Robbins ◽  
Wendy A. Myres ◽  
Kathy Kessler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Deaf Children

scholarly journals Early Postimplant Speech Perception and Language Skills Predict Long-Term Language and Neurocognitive Outcomes Following Pediatric Cochlear Implantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 2321-2336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia R. Hunter ◽  
William G. Kronenberger ◽  
Irina Castellanos ◽  
David B. Pisoni
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Neurocognitive Outcomes

PurposeWe sought to determine whether speech perception and language skills measured early after cochlear implantation in children who are deaf, and early postimplant growth in speech perception and language skills, predict long-term speech perception, language, and neurocognitive outcomes.MethodThirty-six long-term users of cochlear implants, implanted at an average age of 3.4 years, completed measures of speech perception, language, and executive functioning an average of 14.4 years postimplantation. Speech perception and language skills measured in the 1st and 2nd years postimplantation and open-set word recognition measured in the 3rd and 4th years postimplantation were obtained from a research database in order to assess predictive relations with long-term outcomes.ResultsSpeech perception and language skills at 6 and 18 months postimplantation were correlated with long-term outcomes for language, verbal working memory, and parent-reported executive functioning. Open-set word recognition was correlated with early speech perception and language skills and long-term speech perception and language outcomes. Hierarchical regressions showed that early speech perception and language skills at 6 months postimplantation and growth in these skills from 6 to 18 months both accounted for substantial variance in long-term outcomes for language and verbal working memory that was not explained by conventional demographic and hearing factors.ConclusionSpeech perception and language skills measured very early postimplantation, and early postimplant growth in speech perception and language, may be clinically relevant markers of long-term language and neurocognitive outcomes in users of cochlear implants.Supplemental materialshttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5216200

Speech Perception in a Communicative Context

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Flynn ◽  
Richard C. Dowell
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Time Delay ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Stimulus Sentence ◽  
Question And Answer ◽  
Actual Speech ◽  
S Period ◽  
Communicative Context

By diminishing the role of communicative context, traditional tests of speech perception may underestimate or misrepresent the actual speech perception abilities of adults with a hearing impairment. This study investigates this contention by devising an assessment that may better simulate some aspects of "reallife" speech perception. A group of 31 participants with a severe-to-profound hearing impairment took part in a series of speech perception tests while wearing their hearing aids. The tests used question/answer or adjacency pairs, where the stimulus sentence was preceded by a question spoken by the participant. Four conditions were included: (a) where there was no initiating sentence, as in a traditional open-set speech perception test; (b) where the initiating question was neutral (e.g. "Why?"); (c) where there was a disruptive semantic relationship between the question and answer; and (d) where there was a strong contextual relationship between the question and answer. The time delay between the question and answer was also varied. Results demonstrated that in all conditions where there was a preceding question speech perception improved, and increasing the cohesion between the question and the reply improved speech perception scores. Additionally, time delay and the relatedness of the reply interacted. The effects of semantic context appeared to diminish over a 10-s period while other linguistic effects remained more constant. These results indicate the utility of simulating communicative environments within speech perception tests.

scholarly journals Factors influencing speech perception in noise for 5-year-old children using hearing aids or cochlear implants

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (sup2) ◽  
pp. S70-S80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa YC Ching ◽  
Vicky W Zhang ◽  
Christopher Flynn ◽  
Lauren Burns ◽  
Laura Button ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Factors Influencing
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