Mesocosm experiments on the interaction of sediment influence, fish predation and aquatic plants with the structure of phytoplankton and zooplankton communities

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
MERYEM BEKLIOGLU ◽  
BRIAN MOSS
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Interactive effects of fish predation and sublethal insecticide concentrations on freshwater zooplankton communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 110497 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Florencia Gutierrez ◽  
Florencia Rojas Molina ◽  
Diego Frau ◽  
Gisela Mayora ◽  
Yamila Battauz
Keyword(s):  
Fish Predation ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Freshwater Zooplankton ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

scholarly journals Inducible defences as key adaptations for the successful invasion of Daphnia lumholtzi in North America?

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1663) ◽  
pp. 1865-1873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Engel ◽  
Ralph Tollrian
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Water Flea ◽  
Daphnia Lumholtzi ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Inducible Defence ◽  
Tropical Water ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments

The mechanisms underlying successful biological invasions often remain unclear. In the case of the tropical water flea Daphnia lumholtzi , which invaded North America, it has been suggested that this species possesses a high thermal tolerance, which in the course of global climate change promotes its establishment and rapid spread. However, D. lumholtzi has an additional remarkable feature: it is the only water flea that forms rigid head spines in response to chemicals released in the presence of fishes. These morphologically (phenotypically) plastic traits serve as an inducible defence against these predators. Here, we show in controlled mesocosm experiments that the native North American species Daphnia pulicaria is competitively superior to D. lumholtzi in the absence of predators. However, in the presence of fish predation the invasive species formed its defences and became dominant. This observation of a predator-mediated switch in dominance suggests that the inducible defence against fish predation may represent a key adaptation for the invasion success of D. lumholtzi .

Recent Major Declines in Zooplankton Populations in the Inshore Region of Lake Michigan: Probable Causes and Implications

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Alosa Pseudoharengus ◽  
Population Decrease ◽  
Probable Consequence ◽  
Major Increase ◽  
Standing Stocks ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

Summer Zooplankton communities in the inshore region of southeastern Lake Michigan were dominated by small species during the 1970s, suggesting that size-selective fish predation pressures were intense. Abundances of alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), the dominant planktivore in the 1970s, declined in recent years, especially over 1982–84. Despite decreased alewife predation, small zooplankton taxa continued to predominate. Moreover, zooplankton standing stocks declined 10-fold during 1982–84, suggesting that predatory pressures had intensified. Concurrent with the alewife population decrease was a major increase in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) abundances. As a probable consequence of intense predation pressures exerted by abundant yellow perch, zooplankton standing stocks were severely reduced. Yellow perch populations may have been adversely affected by food limitation, especially in summer 1984 when zooplankton standing stocks were only 3% of their average level over 1975–81.

Chaoborus populations: response to food web manipulation and potential effects on zooplankton communities

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2846-2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica M. Elser ◽  
Carl N. von Ende ◽  
Patricia Sorrano ◽  
Stephen R. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Food Limitation ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Chaoborus Flavicans ◽  
Reference Lake ◽  
Chaoborus Punctipennis ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Major Reduction

Chaoborus populations were studied in two lakes in which fish predation was experimentally reduced, and in a reference lake. In Tuesday Lake, major reduction of fish predation led to substantial increases in density of Chaoborus punctipennis. Analysis of crop contents and estimates of consumption rates suggested that C. punctipennis caused declines of rotifer and copepod populations following the manipulations. In Peter Lake, lesser changes in fish predation caused no major change in density of Chaoborus flavicans, perhaps because food limitation compensated for effects of reduced predation. In both Peter Lake and the reference lake, Paul Lake, C. flavicans preyed heavily and selectively on Daphnia less than about 1.4 mm in total length. Bioenergetic calculations indicated that up to 46% of the daphnids were consumed daily. At some times of the year, certain zooplankton populations (especially noncolonial rotifers, small copepods, and small cladocerans) were strongly influenced by Chaoborus predation.

Experimental Observations on the Effects of Predation by Goldfish (Carassius auratus) on the Zooplankton of a Small Saline Lake

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 1589-1594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris P. Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Saline Lake ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The short-term effects of various intensities offish predation on zooplankton communities were examined. Field studies indicated that fish predation was, as expected, size-selective: in the presence of fish, size distributions of the principal prey, Daphnia pulex, were skewed toward the smaller size-classes and the minimum size of egg-bearing D. pulex was also smaller. Fecundity of Diaptomus ashlandi, and probably also of Daphnia pulex, was greater with fish present. This caused the abundance of these two dominant species to increase initially with increasing predation. Subsequently, the species declined at higher predation levels in order of their interest to fish, with large D. pulex[Formula: see text] declining before small D. pulex (< 1.35 mm) and both groups doing so at lower predation levels than Diaptomus ashlandi.

Regional ecosystem variability drives the relative importance of bottom-up and top-down factors for zooplankton size spectra

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 516-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerri Finlay ◽  
Beatrix E Beisner ◽  
Alain Patoine ◽  
Bernadette Pinel-Alloul
Keyword(s):  
Pareto Distribution ◽  
Size Structure ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Lake Productivity ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Zooplankton Size ◽  
Fish Species Composition ◽  
Zooplankton Communities

The relative effects of top-down and bottom-up drivers of zooplankton size structure were examined in three limnologically diverse regions of Quebec, Canada. Lake productivity drove biomass of small-sized zooplankton (300–1000 µm) in the Eastern Townships and Laurentian regions, which have high total phosphorus gradients, but was not significant in the low-productivity region, Gouin. Fish species composition was found to affect biomass of large-sized (>1000 µm) zooplankton and was the primary factor affecting zooplankton size structure in the low productivity region. When size structure of the zooplankton communities were described as normalized biomass size spectra, only bottom-up factors were significant, as increasing productivity resulted in higher curve peaks and increased parabola curvature. No factors were significantly related to any parameter of the Pareto distribution to describe size spectra. Overall, bottom-up forces were stronger drivers of zooplankton size structure, particularly in regions with wide ranges in lake trophy, while fish predation was more important in regions with low productivity variability.

An update on the global stressors and constraints affecting Daphnia populations in large Chilean Patagonian lakes (39-51°S)

Crustaceana ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1501-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio De los Ríos Escalante ◽  
Fátima Kies ◽  
Francisco Correa-Araneda
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Patagonian Lakes ◽  
Essential Nutrient ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Mineral Concentrations

The zooplankton communities in Chilean Patagonian lakes (39-51°S) are characterized by the low presence of daphniid cladocerans, i.e., under conditions of the usual native oligotrophy and, thus, low mineral concentrations. Nevertheless, from some northern Patagonian lakes (39-41°S) a marked abundance of daphniids has been reported. According to the literature, as well as evidence from field observations, the main causes of such marked changes in the local zooplankton assemblages would be changes in phytoplankton quantity and quality, providing increased energetic resources for the zooplankton communities. Such energetic resources might decrease the stress effects of low calcium concentrations, as calcium constitutes an essential nutrient for caparace formation in Daphniidae; in addition, energetic expenses needed to perform vertical migrations due to fish predation and exposure to natural ultraviolet radiation can better be provided for. This is a markedly different situation compared to North Patagonian lakes, where daphniid abundance and number of species are related only to phytoplankton quantity and quality in term of phosphorus/nitrogen molar ratio.

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