scholarly journals Assessment of genetic variability in a traditional cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) farming system, using AFLP markers

Heredity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elias ◽  
O Panaud ◽  
T Robert
2011 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Pérez ◽  
Jorge I. Lenis ◽  
Fernando Calle ◽  
Nelson Morante ◽  
Teresa Sánchez ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Sadewi Maharani ◽  
Nurul Khumaida ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>High genetic variability is one of important determinants in successful breeding of clonally propagated crops such as cassava. Induced mutation, including mutagenesis using gamma irradiation, is one strategy to increase genetic variability. The objective of this research was to obtain information of lethal doses (LD20-LD50) from five cassava genotypes (Jame-jame, Ratim, UJ-5, Malang-4, and Adira-4), to analyze the variability, and to obtain potentially high yielding cassava mutant candidates. Cuttings of several cassava genotypes were irradiated by 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 Gy gamma rays. The results showed that genotype Malang-4 had the lowest LD20 (7.53 Gy) and LD50 (18.47 Gy), while genotype Jame-jame had the highest LD20 (24.94 Gy) and LD50 (33.24 Gy). The highest phenotype variability was obtained in the cassava population irradiated by 15-30 Gy gamma rays. The highest phenotype variability was also determined by the source of tissue, i.e., cuttings from the middle stem resulted in the highest phenotype variability. This research found 32 high yielding potential candidate mutants.</p><p>Keywords: gamma rays, LD20, LD50,mutant, mutation</p>


1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Colombo ◽  
Gérard Second ◽  
Tereza Losada Valle ◽  
André Charrier

RAPD markers were used to investigate the genetic diversity of 31 Brazilian cassava clones. The results were compared with the genetic diversity revealed by botanical descriptors. Both sets of variates revealed identical relationships among the cultivars. Multivariate analysis of genetic similarities placed genotypes destinated for consumption "in nature" in one group, and cultivars useful for flour production in another. Brazil’s abundance of landraces presents a broad dispersion and is consequently an important resource of genetic variability. The botanical descriptors were not able to differentiate thirteen pairs of cultivars compared two-by-two, while only one was not differentiated by RAPD markers. These results showed the power of RAPD markers over botanical descriptors in studying genetic diversity, identifying duplicates, as well as validating, or improving a core collection. The latter is particularly important in this vegetatively propagated crop.


Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
Huan Hernadez Ramos ◽  
Danilo De Lima Gonçalves ◽  
Marilene Da Silva Castro ◽  
Marco Antonio Aparecido Barelli

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a diversidade genética entre acessos tradicionais de mandioca da coleção da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, através de caracteres morfoagronômicos. A coleção está localizada na Empresa Matogrossense de Pesquisa, Assistência e Extensão Rural (EMPAER) de Cáceres. Foram utilizados 21 acessos para a avaliação dos caracteres morfoagronômicos: comprimento do lóbulo foliar; largura do lóbulo foliar; comprimento do pecíolo; altura de plantas; altura da primeira ramificação; comprimento das raízes; diâmetro da raiz; peso da raiz; contagem do número de polpas sadias por planta; número de raízes; peso em água; matéria seca e teor de amido. A análise de dissimilaridade foi baseada na Distância Euclidiana e o agrupamento pelo método Hierárquico UPGMA. Os resultados obtidos com o uso de características morfoagronômicas e da Distância Euclidiana dos 21 acessos de mandioca da coleção da UNEMAT evidenciaram a existência de variabilidade genética, onde a maior similaridade ocorreu entre os acessos Rondônia e N.I. 10 - 0501, e a maior divergência entre os acessos Sinop e Liberatão 0507.O Grupo I alocou o maior número de acessos pelo UPGMA e a característica altura média da primeira ramificação foi determinante na formação do Grupo IV. Os acessos analisados apresentaram divergência genética, onde os descritores analisados foram suficientes para a diferenciação dos acessos, onde os NI 02-2816, Poupa Branca e Sinop foram os mais promissores como parentais para cruzamentos entre os demais acessos.Palavras-chave: produção de mandioca, coleção de germoplasma, variabilidade genética. ANALYSIS OF GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG Manihot esculenta (crantz) ACCESS VIA MORPHOAGRONOMIC TRAITS ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity among accessions of traditional cassava collection at the University of Mato Grosso - UNEMAT through morphoagronomic traits. The collection is located in Mato Grosso Company Research, Assistance and Rural Extension (EMPA) of Cáceres. We used 21 accessions for the evaluation of morphoagronomic traits: length of the leaf lobe; lobe leaf width; length petiole; plant height; height of first branching; length of roots; diameter of the root; root weight; counting the number of healthy pulps per plant; number of roots; weight in water; dry matter and starch content. The dissimilarity analysis was based on Euclidean distance and hierarchical clustering method UPGMA. The results obtained with the use of morphoagronomic traits and the Euclidean distance of 21 cassava accessions from the collection of UNEMAT showed the existence of genetic variability, where the greatest similarity was between the Rondônia and N.I. 10 - 0501, and the greatest divergence among the accessions Sinop and Liberatão 0507. The Group I allocated the highest number of accesses by UPGMA and the characteristic height of the first branch was instrumental in the formation of Group IV. The analyzed accessions presented genetic divergence, where the descriptors analyzed were sufficient for the differentiation of the accesses where NI 02-2816, Poupa Branca and Sinop were the most promising as parental for crossings between the other accessions.Keywords: cassava production, germplasm collection, genetic variability.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabel Aparecida Soares ◽  
Mauro Sérgio Téo ◽  
Carlise DEBASTIANI ◽  
Suzymeire BARONI ◽  
Vanessa Silva RETUCI

O trabalho teve por objetivo verificar diferenças entre rendimento do concentrado proteico e proteína bruta da folha da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtidos a partir de três variedades comerciais: branca, cascuda e vermelha. As manivas foram plantadas seguindo o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Nas comparações entre as variedades, considerou coletas escalonadas pós-plantio, realizadas aos 12, 14 e 16 meses. O concentrado proteico foi obtido a partir da farinha das folhas inteiras e submetido ao método de termo - coagulação ácido e a proteína bruta pelo método padrão AOAC. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e comparados pelo teste de Tukey - 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados não indicaram diferença significativa entre as médias obtidas para rendimento de concentrado proteico. Para a variável porcentagem de proteína bruta a variedade Branca foi a que apresentou maior valor, com média de 46,25%, seguida pela Cascuda e Vermelha, 44,52% e 37,30%, sucessivamente. Conclui-se que outros estudos devem avaliar condições que possam influenciar no teor de proteína foliar, como clima e solo, e, avaliar os níveis de ácido cianídrico de cada variedade, indicando qual das três é a melhor para a extração do concentrado proteico das folhas. Palavras chaves: Manihot esculenta Crantz, variedades comerciais, concentrado proteico, proteína bruta. ABSTRACT: The study aimed to assess the differences between income protein concentrate, crude protein of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtained from three commercial varieties: white, red and cascuda. The cuttings were planted following the completely randomized design with three replications. Comparisons between the varieties considered after planting staggered collections, held on 12, 14 and 16 months. The protein concentrate was obtained from flour of whole sheets and subjected to the term method - acid coagulation and crude protein by AOAC standard method. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test - 5% probability. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean values obtained for protein concentrate income. For the variable percentage of crude protein White variety showed the highest, with an average of 46.25%, followed by cascuda and Red, 44.52% and 37.30%, successively. We conclude that further studies should evaluate conditions that may affect the leaf protein content, such as climate and soil, and evaluate the hydrocyanic acid levels of each variety, indicating which of the three is the best for the extraction of protein concentrate from leaves Key words: Manihot esculenta Crantz, commercial varieties, protein concentrate, crude protein.


Author(s):  
Barros Sâmela Leal ◽  
Santos Newton Carlos ◽  
Araújo Thaís Jaciane ◽  
Melo Mylena Olga Pessoa ◽  
Nascimento Amanda Priscila Silva

Author(s):  
Brochado Maura Gabriela da Silva ◽  
Botelho Matheus Gabriel Lopes ◽  
Souza Camila Eduarda Sousa de ◽  
Nunes Mariana Lameira ◽  
Ferreira Leonardo Elias

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