Analysis of the DNA sequence, gene expression, origin of replication and modular structure of the
            Lactococcus lactis
            lytic bacteriophage sk1

(1) Background: Lactococcus lactis strain Plasma (LC-Plasma) is a unique strain which directly activates plasmacytoid dendritic cells, resulting in the prevention against broad spectrum of viral infection. Additionally, we found that LC-Plasma intake stimulated skin immunity and prevents Staphylococcus aureus epicutaneous infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of LC-Plasma dietary supplementation on skin microbiome, gene expression in the skin, and skin conditions in healthy subjects. (2) Method: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial was conducted. Seventy healthy volunteers were enrolled and assigned into two groups receiving either placebo or LC-Plasma capsules (approximately 1 × 1011 cells/day) for 8 weeks. The skin microbiome was analyzed by NGS and qPCR. Gene expression was analyzed by qPCR and skin conditions were diagnosed by dermatologists before and after intervention. (3) Result: LC-Plasma supplementation prevented the decrease of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus pasteuri and overgrowth of Propionibacterium acnes. In addition, LC-Plasma supplementation suggested to increase the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes but not tight junction genes. Furthermore, the clinical scores of skin conditions were ameliorated by LC-Plasma supplementation. (4) Conclusions: Our findings provided the insights that the dietary supplementation of LC-Plasma might have stabilizing effects on seasonal change of skin microbiome and skin conditions in healthy subjects.

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Osmoregulation of gene expression. II. DNA sequence of the envZ gene of the ompB operon of Escherichia coli and characterization of its gene product.

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1016/s0021-9258(18)33502-6 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 257 (22) ◽

pp. 13692-13698 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

T Mizuno ◽

E T Wurtzel ◽

M Inouye

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Gene Product ◽

Dna Sequence ◽

Its Gene

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Growth, nisA Gene Expression, and In Situ Activity of Novel Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris Costarter Culture in Commercial Hard Cheese Production

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-245 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (12) ◽

pp. 2137-2146 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dimitrios Noutsopoulos ◽

Athanasia Kakouri ◽

Eleftheria Kartezini ◽

Dimitrios Pappas ◽

Efstathios Hatziloukas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Lactococcus Lactis ◽

Starter Culture ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Good Growth ◽

Lactococcus Lactis Subsp ◽

Quantitative Expression ◽

Hard Cheese

ABSTRACT This study evaluated in situ expression of the nisA gene by an indigenous, nisin A–producing (NisA+) Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris raw milk genotype, represented by strain M78, in traditional Greek Graviera cheeses under real factory-scale manufacturing and ripening conditions. Cheeses were produced with added a mixed thermophilic and mesophilic commercial starter culture (CSC) or with the CSC plus strain M78 (CSC+M78). Cheeses were sampled after curd cooking (day 0), fermentation of the unsalted molds for 24 h (day 1), brining (day 7), and ripening of the brined molds (14 to 15 kg each) for 30 days in a fully controlled industrial room (16.5°C; 91% relative humidity; day 37). Total RNA was directly extracted from the cheese samples, and the expression of nisA gene was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Agar overlay and well diffusion bioassays were correspondingly used for in situ detection of the M78 NisA+ colonies in the cheese agar plates and antilisterial activity in whole-cheese slurry samples, respectively. Agar overlay assays showed good growth (>8 log CFU/g of cheese) of the NisA+ strain M78 in coculture with the CSC and vice versa. The nisA expression was detected in CSC+M78 cheese samples only, with its expression levels being the highest (16-fold increase compared with those of the control gene) on day 1, followed by significant reduction on day 7 and almost negligible expression on day 37. Based on the results, certain intrinsic and mainly implicit hurdle factors appeared to reduce growth prevalence rates and decrease nisA gene expression, as well as the nisin A–mediated antilisterial activities of the NisA+ strain M78 postfermentation. To our knowledge, this is the first report on quantitative expression of the nisA gene in a Greek cooked hard cheese during commercial manufacturing and ripening conditions by using a novel, rarely isolated, indigenous NisA+ L. lactis subsp. cremoris genotype as costarter culture.

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Genome Wide Analysis of the Transcriptional Profiles in Different Regions of the Developing Rice Grains

Rice ◽

10.1186/s12284-020-00421-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ting-Ying Wu ◽

Marlen Müller ◽

Wilhelm Gruissem ◽

Navreet K. Bhullar

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Dna Sequence ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Aleurone Layer ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Sequence Motifs ◽

Grain Development ◽

Spatio Temporal ◽

Dna Sequence Motifs

Abstract Background Rice is an important food source for humans worldwide. Because of its nutritional and agricultural significance, a number of studies addressed various aspects of rice grain development and grain filling. Nevertheless, the molecular processes underlying grain filling and development, and in particular the contributions of different grain tissues to these processes, are not understood. Main Text Using RNA-sequencing, we profiled gene expression activity in grain tissues comprised of cross cells (CC), the nucellar epidermis (NE), ovular vascular trace (OVT), endosperm (EN) and the aleurone layer (AL). These tissues were dissected using laser capture microdissection (LCM) at three distinct grain development stages. The mRNA expression datasets offer comprehensive and new insights into the gene expression patterns in different rice grain tissues and their contributions to grain development. Comparative analysis of the different tissues revealed their similar and/or unique functions, as well as the spatio-temporal regulation of common and tissue-specific genes. The expression patterns of genes encoding hormones and transporters indicate an important role of the OVT tissue in metabolite transport during grain development. Gene co-expression network prediction on OVT-specific genes identified several distinct and common development-specific transcription factors. Further analysis of enriched DNA sequence motifs proximal to OVT-specific genes revealed known and novel DNA sequence motifs relevant to rice grain development. Conclusion Together, the dataset of gene expression in rice grain tissues is a novel and useful resource for further work to dissect the molecular and metabolic processes during rice grain development.

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Exploitation of a chromosomally integrated lactose operon for controlled gene expression in Lactococcus lactis

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08019.x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 136 (1) ◽

pp. 19-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

John Payne ◽

Caroline A MacCormick ◽

Hugh G Griffin ◽

Michael J Gasson

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Lactococcus Lactis ◽

Lactose Operon

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The incompatibility product of IncFII R plasmid NR1 controls gene expression in the plasmid replication region

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.152.2.829-839.1982 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 152 (2) ◽

pp. 829-839

Author(s):

A M Easton ◽

R H Rownd

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Target Site ◽

Plasmid Replication ◽

Lacz Gene ◽

Origin Of Replication ◽

Wild Type ◽

Base Pairs ◽

Replication Region ◽

Lambda Phages ◽

Beta Galactosidase

The incompatibility properties of IncFII R plasmid NR1 were compared with those of two of its copy number mutants, pRR12 and pRR21. pRR12 produced an altered incompatibility product and also had an altered incompatibility target site. The target site appeared to be located within the incompatibility gene, which is located more than 1,200 base pairs from the plasmid origin of replication. The incompatibility properties of pRR21 were indistinguishable from those of NR1. Lambda phages have been constructed which contain the incompatibility region of NR1 or of one of its copy mutants fused to the lacZ gene. In lysogens constructed with these phages, beta-galactosidase was produced under the control of a promoter located within the plasmid incompatibility region. Lysogens containing prophages with the incompatibility regions from pRR12 and pRR21 produced higher levels of beta-galactosidase than did lysogens containing prophages with the incompatibility region from the wild-type NR1. The introduction into these inc-lac lysogens of pBR322 plasmids carrying the incompatibility regions of the wild-type or mutant plasmids resulted in decreased levels of beta-galactosidase production. For a given lysogen, the decrease was greater when the pBR322 derivative expressed a stronger incompatibility toward the plasmid from which the fragment in the prophage was derived. This suggested that the incompatibility product acts on its target to repress gene expression in the plasmid replication region.

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