Evidence for parallel evolution and site-specific selection of serpentine tolerance in Cerastium alpinum during the colonization of Scandinavia

Many municipalities, park districts, and nonprofit organizations have begun monitoring nonmotorized traffic on multiuse trails as the need for information about the use of facilities has grown and relatively low-cost sensors for automated monitoring have become available. As they have gained experience, they have begun to move from site-specific monitoring on individual trails to a more comprehensive monitoring of trail networks. This case study review compares strategies developed by 10 organizations for monitoring traffic on multiuse trails, including local, multicounty, statewide, and multistate trail networks. The focus is on approaches to the design of monitoring networks, particularly the rationales or objectives for monitoring and the selection of monitoring sites. It is shown that jurisdictions are following principles of monitoring established by FHWA and that the design of monitoring networks is evolving to meet new challenges, including monitoring large-scale networks. Relevant outcomes and implications for practice are summarized. The researchers concluded that FHWA guidelines can be adapted to many circumstances and can increase information for decision making. Trail monitoring is informing decisions related to facility planning, investment, and safety.

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Economic Modeling of Site-Specific Optimum Wind Turbine for Electrification Studies

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1973 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 347-353 ◽

pp. 1973-1986 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Umar Bawah ◽

Khaled E Addoweesh ◽

Ali M. Eltamaly

Keyword(s):

Wind Turbine ◽

Initial Study ◽

Capital Cost ◽

Economic Modeling ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Site Specific ◽

Initial Capital ◽

Cost Of Energy ◽

Economic Selection ◽

Selection Of

A generalized approach for the economic selection of wind turbine for a given wind regime is proposed in this paper. It draws from the literature and standards being used in the field to arrive at an economic site specific wind turbine based on minimizing the annual cost of energy produced (AEP) while tracking the initial capital cost (ICC) of investment required. It is meant to provide an initial study to guide decision makers who are contemplating using wind energy as a power source to generate electricity in commercial quantity for community usage. It is a general estimation approach which does not require surfing for manufacture prices and wind turbine parameters. The input data consists of site specific wind data, hub height, rotor diameter and turbine power rating. The output gives a range of plots of feasible wind turbine ratings, rotor diameters, rated speed against initial capital cost (ICC) and also cost of energy produced (COE).

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Understanding Identity and Diaspora: The Case of the Sama-Bajau of Maritime Southeast Asia

Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha ◽

10.14710/jscl.v1i2.12089 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Matthew Constancio Maglana

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Culture Change ◽

Common Origin ◽

Site Specific ◽

Cultural Contexts ◽

Intercultural Contact ◽

Linguistic Group ◽

External Sources ◽

Selection Of

The Sama-Bajau or the Sinama-speaking peoples are deemed to be the most widely dispersed indigenous ethno-linguistic group in maritime Southeast Asia. The Sama-Bajau “diaspora,” which constitute a locus of points across territorially-defined spaces, gives rise to specific socio-cultural contexts which in turn results in the emergence of distinct notions of identity. This diaspora, therefore, gives the student of culture the opportunity to observe ethno-genesis as either “completed,” incipient or on-going processes of the creation of identities that exhibit rare tensions between ideas of sameness and difference. The former is a function of a common origin, which may be real or perceived, while the latter results from site-specific sources of distinction such as those brought about by socio-cultural adaptation to environment, intercultural contact with other peoples or other external sources of culture change. This article interrogates this tension between sameness and difference through a selection of examples seen in labels of self-designation, language, and, religious and ritual practices.

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