scholarly journals Flood Risk Mapping for Emergency Management by Applying Grid-based Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 06022
Author(s):  
Kun Yeun Han ◽  
Jun Hyung Park ◽  
Hehun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Disaster Vulnerability ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Flood Risk Mapping ◽  
Evacuation Plan ◽  
Grid Based ◽  
Flood Risk Map

A grid-based numerical model is developed by improving the diffusion hydrodynamic model that can accurately reflect LiDAR data and enable an efficient hydraulic analysis by linking river and drainage networks. In order to verify 2D model, recent flood events, which occurred in the Gimcheon area during Typhoon Rusa on 2002 is considered. For the estimations of flood disaster vulnerability index, population density, household income, access to evacuation route/time, and shelter information are included. The flood hazard map considering flood depth, velocity, flood arrival time is combined with the flood vulnerability information to derive a flood risk map. The flood risk map presented in this study can provide useful information for the preparation of evacuation plan through accurate flood hazard results and disaster vulnerability index.

scholarly journals A Flood Damage and Shelter Need Assessment: A Case Study of Mueang Sing Buri, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 884 (1) ◽  
pp. 012025
Author(s):  
Pattaramone Manawongcharoen ◽  
Thitirat Panbamrungkij
Keyword(s):  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Hazard Management ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Chao Phraya River ◽  
Flood Risk Map

Abstract Flooding is one of the main disasters in Thailand and Mueang Sing Buri is among those areas hit. Located on the Chao Phraya River Basin, in the central region of Thailand, the area receives a large amount of runoff during monsoon seasons which causes frequent flood disasters. The aims of this research are to create a flood hazard map and to estimate the number of people that may need shelter after the occurrence of a flood, and to evaluate whether the shelter capacity is adequate in Mueang Sing Buri. To explore the potential locations of emergency shelters, the relevant information related to flooding was initially recorded, such as building detail, flood depth, elevation map, and flood risk map. The available space of each building varies by the characteristics of building types. The calculation of shelter capacity thus depends on characteristics of the buildings, accessibility, and percent of vacant area. The emergency shelter assessment benefits many sectors in the design of preparation plans for hazard management.

scholarly journals Topography- and nightlight-based national flood risk assessment in Canada

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Elshorbagy ◽  
Anchit Lakhanpal ◽  
Bharath Raja ◽  
Serena Ceola ◽  
Alberto Montanari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
The City ◽  
Flood Risk Map

Abstract. In Canada, flood analysis and water resource management, in general, are tasks conducted at the provincial level; therefore, unified national-scale approaches to water-related problems are uncommon. In this study, a national-scale flood risk assessment approach is proposed and developed. The study focuses on using global and national datasets available at reasonably fine resolutions to create flood risk maps. First, a flood hazard map of Canada is developed using topography-based parameters derived from digital elevation models namely Elevation Above Nearest Drainage (EAND) and Distance From Nearest Drainage (DFND). This flood hazard mapping method is tested on a smaller area around the city of Calgary, Alberta, against a flood inundation map produced by the City using hydraulic modeling. Second, a flood exposure map of Canada is developed using a land-use map and the satellite-based nightlight luminosity data as two exposure parameters. Third, an economic flood risk map is produced, and subsequently overlaid with population density information to produce a socioeconomic flood risk map for Canada. All three maps of hazard, exposure, and risk are classified into five classes, ranging from very low to severe. A simple way to include flood protection measures in hazard estimation is also demonstrated using the example of the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba. This could be done for the entire country if information on flood protection across Canada were available. The evaluation of the flood hazard map shows that the topography-based method adopted in this study is both practical and reliable for large-scale analysis. Sensitivity analysis regarding the resolution of the digital elevation model is needed to identify the resolution that is fine enough for reliable hazard mapping, but coarse enough for computational tractability. The nightlight data are found to be useful for exposure and risk mapping in Canada; however, uncertainty analysis should be conducted to investigate the effect of the overglow phenomenon on flood risk mapping.

scholarly journals Available Flood Evacuation Time for High-Risk Areas in the Middle Reach of Chao Phraya River Basin

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarawut Jamrussri ◽  
Yuji Toda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Flood Risk Mapping ◽  
Evacuation Plan ◽  
Chao Phraya River

Information about risk is essential to design flood risk management programs. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop an emergency flood evacuation plan based on flood risk assessment. Flood risk assessment in the middle Chao Phraya River Basin (CPRB) was simultaneously analyzed and mapped as the product of flood hazard, and social vulnerability maps generated by fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy logic. One of the purposes of flood risk mapping is to promote proper and prompt evacuation actions for residents. The emergency flood evacuation model was tested to explore the available time of evacuation, to reduce the risk or even the loss of life. The simulation results showed that significant time was available for evacuation in the middle CPRB. This was calculated based on a physical status of evacuees, safe evacuation condition, shortest evacuation path, flood shelter, and road capacity.

scholarly journals A GIS-based flood risk mapping of Assam, India, using the MCDA-AHP approach at the regional and administrative level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxmi Gupta ◽  
Jagabandhu Dixit
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Flood Risk Mapping ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Very High

Abstract Floods are hydrological disasters that can alter the physical, socioeconomic, and environmental settings of a region. The objective of the present study is to develop an efficient and reliable methodology to prepare a flood risk map for Assam, the North-eastern region (NER) of India, by the integration of hazard and vulnerability components. Three indices, namely flood hazard index (FHI), flood vulnerability index (FVI), and flood risk index (FRI), are developed using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) – Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach in GIS environment for the regional and administrative level of Assam. The selected hazard and vulnerability indicators define the topographical, geological, meteorological, drainage characteristics, land use land cover, and demographical features of Assam. The results show that more than 70% of the total area lies in the moderate to very high FHI class, 57.37% have moderate to high FVI, and more than 50% have moderate to very high FRI class.

scholarly journals Topography- and nightlight-based national flood risk assessment in Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 2219-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Elshorbagy ◽  
Raja Bharath ◽  
Anchit Lakhanpal ◽  
Serena Ceola ◽  
Alberto Montanari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Flood Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
The City ◽  
Flood Risk Map

Abstract. In Canada, flood analysis and water resource management, in general, are tasks conducted at the provincial level; therefore, unified national-scale approaches to water-related problems are uncommon. In this study, a national-scale flood risk assessment approach is proposed and developed. The study focuses on using global and national datasets available with various resolutions to create flood risk maps. First, a flood hazard map of Canada is developed using topography-based parameters derived from digital elevation models, namely, elevation above nearest drainage (EAND) and distance from nearest drainage (DFND). This flood hazard mapping method is tested on a smaller area around the city of Calgary, Alberta, against a flood inundation map produced by the city using hydraulic modelling. Second, a flood exposure map of Canada is developed using a land-use map and the satellite-based nightlight luminosity data as two exposure parameters. Third, an economic flood risk map is produced, and subsequently overlaid with population density information to produce a socioeconomic flood risk map for Canada. All three maps of hazard, exposure, and risk are classified into five classes, ranging from very low to severe. A simple way to include flood protection measures in hazard estimation is also demonstrated using the example of the city of Winnipeg, Manitoba. This could be done for the entire country if information on flood protection across Canada were available. The evaluation of the flood hazard map shows that the topography-based method adopted in this study is both practical and reliable for large-scale analysis. Sensitivity analysis regarding the resolution of the digital elevation model is needed to identify the resolution that is fine enough for reliable hazard mapping, but coarse enough for computational tractability. The nightlight data are found to be useful for exposure and risk mapping in Canada; however, uncertainty analysis should be conducted to investigate the effect of the overglow phenomenon on flood risk mapping.

scholarly journals A metric-based assessment of flood risk and vulnerability of rural communities in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 ◽  
pp. 139-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Adeloye ◽  
F. D. Mwale ◽  
Z. Dulanya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Inundation Area ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract. In response to the increasing frequency and economic damages of natural disasters globally, disaster risk management has evolved to incorporate risk assessments that are multi-dimensional, integrated and metric-based. This is to support knowledge-based decision making and hence sustainable risk reduction. In Malawi and most of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), however, flood risk studies remain focussed on understanding causation, impacts, perceptions and coping and adaptation measures. Using the IPCC Framework, this study has quantified and profiled risk to flooding of rural, subsistent communities in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi. Flood risk was obtained by integrating hazard and vulnerability. Flood hazard was characterised in terms of flood depth and inundation area obtained through hydraulic modelling in the valley with Lisflood-FP, while the vulnerability was indexed through analysis of exposure, susceptibility and capacity that were linked to social, economic, environmental and physical perspectives. Data on these were collected through structured interviews of the communities. The implementation of the entire analysis within GIS enabled the visualisation of spatial variability in flood risk in the valley. The results show predominantly medium levels in hazardousness, vulnerability and risk. The vulnerability is dominated by a high to very high susceptibility. Economic and physical capacities tend to be predominantly low but social capacity is significantly high, resulting in overall medium levels of capacity-induced vulnerability. Exposure manifests as medium. The vulnerability and risk showed marginal spatial variability. The paper concludes with recommendations on how these outcomes could inform policy interventions in the Valley.

scholarly journals The contribution of remote sensing in hydraulics and hydrology, analysis and evaluation of digital terrain model for flood risk mapping

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Faiza hassainia Bouzahar ◽  
Lahbaci Ouerdachi ◽  
Mahdi Keblouti ◽  
Akram Seddiki
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Wetland Biodiversity ◽  
Adopted Model ◽  
Flood Risk Map

AbstractThe study of flood risk involves the knowledge of the spatial variability in the characteristics of the vegetation cover, terrain, climate and changes induced by the intervention of humans in watersheds. The increased needs of the actors in land management mean that static maps no longer meet the requirements of scientists and decision-makers. Access is needed to the data, methods and tools to produce complex maps in response to the different stages of risk evaluation and response. The availability of very high spatial resolution remote sensing data (VHSR) and digital terrain model (DTM) make it possible to detect objects close to human size and, therefore, is of interest for studying anthropogenic activities. The development of new methods and knowledge using detailed spatial data, coupled with the use of GIS, naturally becomes beneficial to the risks analysis. Indeed, the extraction of information from specific processes, such as vegetation indices, can be used as variables such as water heights, flow velocities, flow rates and submersion to predict the potential consequences of a flood. The functionalities of GIS for cartographic overlay and multi-criteria spatial analysis make it possible to identify the flood zones according to the level of risk from the flood, thus making it a useful decision-making tool.This study was carried out on the territory of watersheds in the Annaba region, East of Algeria. The choice was guided by the availability of data (satellites images, maps, hydrology, etc.) and hydrological specificities (proximity to an urban area). The adopted model is divided into two parts. The first part is to establish a methodology for the preservation of wetland biodiversity and the protection of urban areas against floods. Thanks to the multi-criteria spatial analysis and the functionalities of the GIS, we established a flood risk map for the watershed defined above. The result was satisfactory compared with the field reality. The second part of the model consisted of the integration of cadastral information with the flood risk map obtained in the first part of our research.The primary objective of this mapping is to contribute to the development of flood risk management plans (in the sense of risk reduction). The mapping stage also provides quantitative elements to more accurately assess the vulnerability of a territory.

scholarly journals Assessing the Governance Context Support for Creating a Pluvial Flood Risk Map with Climate Change Scenarios: The Flemish Subnational Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Casiano Flores ◽  
Joep Crompvoets
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Risk Maps ◽  
Flood Risk Map ◽  
Subnational Governments

Climate change has increased pluvial flood risks in cities around the world. To mitigate floods, pluvial risk maps with climate change scenarios have been developed to help major urban areas adapt to a changing climate. In some cases, subnational governments have played a key role to develop these maps. However, governance research about the role of subnational governments in geospatial data development in urban water transitions has received little attention. To address this gap, this research applies the Governance Assessment Tool as an evaluative framework to increase our understanding of the governance factors that support the development of pluvial flood risk maps at the subnational level. For this research, we selected the region of Flanders in Belgium. This region is considered among the frontrunners when it comes to the creation of a pluvial flood risk map with climate change scenarios. Data have been collected through in-depth interviews with steering committee actors involved in the development process of the map. The research identified that the current governance context is supportive of the creation of the flood risk map. The government of Flanders plays a key role in this process. The most supportive qualities of the governance context are those related to the degree of fragmentation (extent and coherence), while the less supportive ones are those related to the “quest for control” (flexibility and intensity). Under this governance context, government actors play the primary role. The Flemish government led the maps’ creation process and it was supported by the lower governmental levels. As the provincial government was an important actor to increase local participation, collaboration with private and non-governmental actors in the steering committee was more limited. The financial resources were also limited and the process required a continuous development of trust. Yet, the Flemish Environmental Agency, with the use of technology, was able to increase such trust during the process.

scholarly journals Assessment of Flood Risk Map under Climate Change RCP8.5 Scenarios in Taiwan

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Yun-Ju Chen ◽  
Hsuan-Ju Lin ◽  
Jun-Jih Liou ◽  
Chao-Tzuen Cheng ◽  
Yung-Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Risk Map ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Flood Risk Map

Climate change has exerted a significant global impact in recent years, and extreme weather-related hazards and incidents have become the new normal. For Taiwan in particular, the corresponding increase in disaster risk threatens not only the environment but also the lives, safety, and property of people. This highlights the need to develop a methodology for mapping disaster risk under climate change and delineating those regions that are potentially high-risk areas requiring adaptation to a changing climate in the future. This study provides a framework of flood risk map assessment under the RCP8.5 scenario by using different spatial scales to integrate the projection climate data of high resolution, inundation potential maps, and indicator-based approach at the end of the 21st century in Taiwan. The reference period was 1979–2003, and the future projection period was 2075–2099. High-resolution climate data developed by dynamic downscaling of the MRI-JMA-AGCM model was used to assess extreme rainfall events. The flood risk maps were constructed using two different spatial scales: the township level and the 5 km × 5 km grid. As to hazard-vulnerability(H-V) maps, users can overlay maps of their choice—such as those for land use distribution, district planning, agricultural crop distribution, or industrial distribution. Mapping flood risk under climate change can support better informed decision-making and policy-making processes in planning and preparing to intervene and control flood risks. The elderly population distribution is applied as an exposure indicator in order to guide advance preparation of evacuation plans for high-risk areas. This study found that higher risk areas are distributed mainly in northern and southern parts of Taiwan and the hazard indicators significantly increase in the northern, north-eastern, and southern regions under the RCP8.5 scenario. Moreover, the near-riparian and coastal townships of central and southern Taiwan have higher vulnerability levels. Approximately 14% of townships have a higher risk level of flooding disaster and another 3% of townships will become higher risk. For higher-risk townships, adaptation measures or strategies are suggested to prioritize improving flood preparation and protecting people and property. Such a flood risk map can be a communication tool to effectively inform decision- makers, citizens, and stakeholders about the variability of flood risk under climate change. Such maps enable decision-makers and national spatial planners to compare the relative flood risk of individual townships countrywide in order to determine and prioritize risk adaptation areas for planning spatial development policies.

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