scholarly journals Analysis of indoor air quality in a naturally ventilated church

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 00134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Wysocka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Church

The quality of air in sacral buildings is an important factor that affects users. Church buildings are characterized by a specific microclimate, because they accommodate many people in short periods of time, which results in rapid changes in air quality. Sacral buildings usually only have natural ventilation through doors, return air inlets and window leaks, which can cause uneven distribution of fresh air. The aim of this article is to analyze the results of research on the basic parameters of air quality: carbon dioxide, relative humidity and air temperature in the church. The analysis carried out on research results allowed to state that the measured parameters of air quality - the concentration of carbon dioxide and the level of relative humidity significantly exceeded the standards recommendations. High level of air humidity was recorded at 75%. In the analyzed sacral building there is the need to improve air quality in terms of carbon dioxide and relative humidity. Ways of improving air quality, such as installation of mechanical ventilation, will help prevent damage to structures and equipment, and improve comfort of people in the church.

scholarly journals Indoor Air Quality (IAQ): Accuracy of Natural Ventilation for Temperature, Air Flow Rate and Relative Humidity (RH) in School Building Classrooms

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.9) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Norsafiah Norazman ◽  
Adi Irfan Che Ani ◽  
Nor Haslina Ja’afar ◽  
Muhamad Azry Khoiry
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Hot Weather

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is an essential matter in achieving students’ satisfaction for the learning process. Building’s orientation is a factor that may encourage sufficient natural ventilation for the classroom occupants. Inadequate ventilation is an issue for most existing classrooms. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the accuracy of natural ventilation in classrooms. Therefore, experimental on 20 classrooms has been conducted by using Multipurpose Meter at secondary school buildings in Malaysia. The findings indicated that the accuracy of natural ventilation testing was below the permissible limits throughout the hours monitored, thus this may cause potential health hazards to the students. Temperature and air flow rates were lower than 23 °C and 0.15 m/s respectively, it fulfilled the basic requirements as a standard learning environment. However, measurements taken showed the overall relative humidity (RH) in the classrooms can be categorized as acceptable with 40% to 70% range. On the basis of these findings, it is evident that naturally ventilated classrooms are important especially due to energy efficiency, whereas mechanical ventilation should only be installed as an alternative under extremely hot weather conditions.   

An Attempt to Improve Air Quality in Primary Schools

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Telejko ◽  
Ewa Zender-Swiercz
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Maximum Value

Most primary school buildings in Poland rely on natural ventilation. This fact is attributed to the age of these buildings constructed more than dozen or even several tens of years ago. Few of them were fitted with a mechanical ventilation system allowing for the adjustment of microclimate parameters. The national requirements for gravity ventilation provide general guidelines, specifying strict description only for the airtightness of windows and doors and the minimum airflow to be supplied to the rooms. The minimum airflow supplied is independent of the number of occupants and purpose of the room. Low indoor air quality (IAQ) can impact occupants’ health and lead to poor productivity or low academic performance. Therefore the provision of good IAQ in classrooms and laboratories is very important. This paper presents the results of the investigation devoted to the quality of indoor air in classrooms of selected Polish primary school. Six primary school in a town with a population of 200 000 inhabitants were involved in the investigations. The participating school buildings were built between 1976 and 1994 and had gravity ventilation systems. The variability of basic IAQ parameters, i.e., temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide level, was analysed and the assessment of the classrooms in terms of microbiological purity was performed. The outcomes confirmed the low quality of the indoor air in these buildings. The maximum value of CO2 concentration amounted to more than 4000 ppm. Certain modifications aimed at improving IAQ were proposed during the investigations. Two solutions were implemented. The results of this study indicate that the proposed solution offers the potential to improve IAQ within classrooms.

scholarly journals Analysis of Various Ventilation Systems Due to the Quality of Indoor Air in Educational Buildings

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk ◽  
Vasyl Zhelykh ◽  
Andrii Pushchinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Educational Buildings ◽  
Building Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation Systems

The quality of internal air is one of the factors that affect the pace and quality of knowledge acquisition. Therefore, it is important that the classrooms have high air quality. Using computer simulation, the effect of various building ventilation variants on air quality in classrooms was analyzed. As an indicator of air quality, the concentration of carbon dioxide in school halls was assumed.

scholarly journals Method for Estimation of CO2 Gains from Persons in Builidings

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rodero ◽  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sources Of Co2

Carbon dioxide concentration is an important parameter to know Indoor Air Quality of a building. One of the most important sources of CO2 in poor ventilated building is human activity. This work presents a method for experimental determination of human CO2 generation rate based on measuring of time evolution of indoor CO2 concentration. The method is applied to 5 rooms of an educational building from Bialystok (Poland). Similar carbon dioxide gains were obtained in all rooms, around 0.0046 L/s, which correspond to theoretical CO2 generation rates of a sedentary activity for persons, males and females, between 21–30 years old, characteristics of occupants of analyzed rooms.

scholarly journals Simulation and Analysis of Various Ventilation Systems Given in an Example in the Same School of Indoor Air Quality

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 2845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk ◽  
Vasyl Zhelykh ◽  
Andrii Pushchinskyi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Exhaust Ventilation ◽  
Building Ventilation ◽  
The Cost

The quality of internal air is one of the factors that affect the pace and quality of knowledge acquisition. Therefore, it is important that classrooms have high quality of air. Using computer simulation, the effect of various building ventilation variants on air quality in classrooms was analyzed. Two criteria were analyzed and six variants of ventilation. The analysis was carried out using the CONTAMW program, used for multi-zone analysis of ventilation and air quality in a building. As an indicator of air quality, the concentration of carbon dioxide in school halls was adopted. The analyses show that natural ventilation is not able to provide proper air exchange. Regular airing of classrooms during breaks can reduce the carbon dioxide concentration to 2500 ppm, however, there is a significant reduction in indoor temperature (even below 10 °C). The best control over the internal environment can be obtained by using a supply–exhaust ventilation system with heat recovery. Obtaining a higher stabilization of ventilation is achieved by supplying additional energy to drive fans, however, this is only a small amount of energy compared to the cost of heat for heating the building (maximum 2%).

A Study on IAQ in a Welding Laboratory

2013 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
pp. 947-952
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nazri Azmarini ◽  
Suhana Ab. Majid ◽  
Supa’at Hj Zakaria ◽  
Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning

ndoor Air Quality (IAQ) has become an important occupational health and safety concern in educational environment at institutions of higher learning. In a survey conducted on a polytechnic in Malaysia, many of the students and lecturers expressed feeling of discomfort and uneasy due to resulting smoke from the welding activities while attending the workshop session. They felt that the room temperature and humidity also contributed to discomfort. Consequently, students had difficulties to concentrate and focus on their learning. The objective of this study was to determine the indoor air quality of a selected welding laboratory in the polytechnic comprising arc and gas welding stations. The important IAQ parameters considered in this study were the dry bulb air temperature, relative humidity, CO2 level and dust particles. Measurements were conducted using commercial IAQ instruments. From the study it was found that the levels of dust particles was higher than the recommended limit at times in the arc welding station. The CO2 level was observed acceptable in both welding stations. On relative humidity, a mixed result was found. Overall, the results implied that the welding laboratory require attention in meeting acceptable Indoor Air Quality.

The Effects of Opening Windows Behavior on Indoor Air Quality of a Newly Decorated Office Building

2012 ◽  
Vol 517 ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hang Shen ◽  
Nian Ping Li ◽  
Xiao Jia Fan ◽  
Yan Lin Wu ◽  
Yu Zeng Ke
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

In the newly decorated office premises, the architectural decoration material will release much polluted gas, thus the IAQ is highly concerned. Natural ventilation through open windows can influence the IAQ. To study the effects of opening windows on the indoor air quality of newly decorated office premises, we choose several newly decorated offices in a commercial building in Changsha, a city in hot summer and cold winter region of China, as the study object. The 4 contrastive research schemes in the winter are adopted to acquire the results. Field-testing and air sampling methods were taken respectively to the 4 schemes to measure the concentrations of the main pollution composition such as formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene and TVOC in the offices. Meanwhile, relevant questionnaire surveys towards the four schemes were taken to the staff in the offices. We have synthesized and analyzed the IAQ condition of the 4 research schemes from the results of the tests and surveys. The result of the study shows that: the IAQ is the worst and cannot come up to the national standard when closing windows all day long in the newly decorated offices. Also some staff have a series of adverse reactions working in the work environment for a long time. All the other three schemes can improve the IAQ differently, and the scheme that opening windows all day long can improve the IAQ the best. Meanwhile, people can feel the change of IAQ effected by the 3 ventilation schemes if he/she is working for a long time in the offices.

scholarly journals Measurement and improvement of indoor air quality in an information technology classroom

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-924
Author(s):  
Mladen Tomic ◽  
Biljana Milutinovic ◽  
Predrag Zivkovic ◽  
Petar Djekic ◽  
Aleksandra Boricic
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions

With the rapid development of information technology equipment and its use in the teaching and learning activities, the working environment (especially indoor air quality) in which students and pupils spend a great deal of time in educational institutions has been changing. Therefore, special attention must be paid to indoor air quality and comfort. It is of great importance to maintain indoor air quality in an object, such as information technology classrooms, where a large number of students spend long periods of time. Poor indoor environment can negatively affect scholarly performances and cause discomfort and poor work performance. The problem of indoor air quality in educational institutions can be more serious than in other types of objects, because of the higher concentration of students and information technology equipment. This paper analyzes the changes in air quality in an information technology classrooms, when occupied with students, for the period from March to April. The changes of indoor air temperature, relative humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration are monitored in the classroom, as well as outdoor temperature and relative humidity. Several cases are studied: the classroom with closed windows and doors (closed classroom), the classroom with natural ventilation, the classroom cooled with a split system (cooled classroom). Responses of students are followed for each case. The analysis is performed based on the measurement results and numerical simulations using the computational fluid dynamics package, and measures are proposed to improve the indoor air quality in the considered classroom.

scholarly journals The use of modern technologies in carbon dioxide monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Petr Komínek ◽  
Jan Weyr ◽  
Jiří Hirš
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Air Supply

Abstract Indoor environment has huge influence on person’s health and overall comfort. It is of great importance that we realize how essential indoor air quality is, considering we spend on average as much as 90% of our time indoors. There are many factors that affect indoor air quality: specifically, inside air temperature, relative humidity, and odors to name the most important factors. One of the key factors indicating indoor air quality is carbon dioxide (CO2) level. The CO2 levels, measured in prefab apartment buildings, indicates substantial indoor air quality issues. Therefore, a proper education of the occupants is of utmost importance. Also, great care should be directed towards technical and technological solutions that would ensure meeting the normative indoor environment criteria, especially indoor air CO2 levels. Thanks to the implementation of new emerging autonomous technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), monitoring in real-time is enhanced. An area where IoT plays a major role is in the monitoring of indoor environment. IoT technology (e.g. smart meters and sensors) provide awareness of information about the quality of indoor environment. There is a huge potential for influencing behaviour of the users. Through the web application, it is possible to educate people and ensure fresh air supply.

Study of Indoor Air Quality in Academic Buildings of a University

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaharin Anwar Sulaiman ◽  
Nadrah Isa ◽  
Nina Irsyanizah Raskan ◽  
Noor Farhane Che Harun
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Lecture Room ◽  
Lecture Theatre ◽  
Academic Buildings ◽  
Academic Building

ndoor Air Quality in educational environment is very important as it could interfere with the learning process. In this paper, the indoor air quality of selected lecture rooms of different sizes in an academic building was studied, involving measurements of indoor temperature, relative humidity, CO2 level and dust particles. A mixed result was observed on the relative humidity in the rooms. The levels of dust particles were observed acceptable although recorded higher in the small lecture room as compared to the lecture theater. The CO2 content in the lecture theatre was found to be higher than that in the small lecture room, and also exceeded the maximum recommended level. Overall, the results suggested that the lecture theatre needs attention in the aspect of Indoor Air Quality.

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