scholarly journals Three-dimensional model of the Rzeczka object (the Riese Complex, Sowie Range) as an enhancement of the comprehensive geotourism potential of an underground tourist route

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 00015
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kądziołka ◽  
Damian Kasza ◽  
Wojciech J. Milczarek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Historic Areas ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

The dynamic development of measurement technology based on the use of laser scanners allows for fast transfer of information, related to terrestrial data, to a virtual environment and enables the creation of three-dimensional models. Because of the growing demand for underground areas inventory, especially historic areas, the creation of 3D numerical models increases in popularity. It allows to increase the geotouristic potential of a particular area and to use solutions in support of the safety of tourists as well as the safety of area itself. The development of the terrestrial laser scanning technique is accompanied simultaneously by the development of means of digital data processing that was obtained in the form of point clouds. Those means use the commercial software as well as software available in the open source system. Both computing environments use algorithms enabling the processing of huge collections of points in automatized mode by using a number of open-access algorithms either freeware or dedicated. The methodology of numerical models development, described in this article, has been presented on the example of underground object “Rzeczka” (“Riese” Complex) located at the Sowie Range (SW Poland).

scholarly journals Creation of virtual 3D models of the existing architectonic structures using the web resources

Spatium ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Pejic ◽  
Sonja Krasic
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Web Resources ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Digital three-dimensional models of the existing architectonic structures are created for the purpose of digitalization of the archive documents, presentation of buildings or an urban entity or for conducting various analyses and tests. Traditional methods for the creation of 3D models of the existing buildings assume manual measuring of their dimensions, using the photogrammetry method or laser scanning. Such approaches require considerable time spent in data acquisition or application of specific instruments and equipment. The goal of this paper is presentation of the procedure for the creation of 3D models of the existing structures using the globally available web resources and free software packages on standard PCs. This shortens the time of the production of a digital three-dimensional model of the structure considerably and excludes the physical presence at the location. In addition, precision of this method was tested and compared with the results acquired in a previous research.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF GEODATA IN DOCUMENTING CASTLE RUINS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
P. Delis ◽  
M. Wojtkowska ◽  
P. Nerc ◽  
I. Ewiak ◽  
A. Lada
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Different Sources

Textured three dimensional models are currently the one of the standard methods of representing the results of photogrammetric works. A realistic 3D model combines the geometrical relations between the structure’s elements with realistic textures of each of its elements. Data used to create 3D models of structures can be derived from many different sources. The most commonly used tool for documentation purposes, is a digital camera and nowadays terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Integration of data acquired from different sources allows modelling and visualization of 3D models historical structures. Additional aspect of data integration is possibility of complementing of missing points for example in point clouds. The paper shows the possibility of integrating data from terrestrial laser scanning with digital imagery and an analysis of the accuracy of the presented methods. The paper describes results obtained from raw data consisting of a point cloud measured using terrestrial laser scanning acquired from a Leica ScanStation2 and digital imagery taken using a Kodak DCS Pro 14N camera. The studied structure is the ruins of the Ilza castle in Poland.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF INDOOR ATTACHED EQUIPMENT FROM TLS POINT CLOUDS USING PLANAR REGION BOUNDARY

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 495-500
Author(s):  
H. Takahashi ◽  
H. Date ◽  
S. Kanai ◽  
K. Yasutake
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Base Surface ◽  
Shape Fitting ◽  
Boundary Points ◽  
Adaptive Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Abstract. Laser scanning technology is useful to create accurate three-dimensional models of indoor environments for applications such as maintenance, inspection, renovation, and simulations. In this paper, a detection method of indoor attached equipment such as windows, lightings, and fire alarms, from TLS point clouds, is proposed. In order to make the method robust against to the lack of points of equipment surface, a footprint of the equipment is used for detection, because the entire or a part of the footprint boundary shapes explicitly appear as the boundary of base surfaces, i.e. walls for windows, and ceilings for lightings and fire alarms. In the method, first, base surface regions are extracted from given TLS point clouds of indoor environments. Then, footprint boundary points are detected from the region boundary points. Finally, target equipment is detected by fitting or voting using given target footprint shapes. The features of our method are footprint boundary point extraction considering occlusions, shape fitting with adaptive parameters based on point intervals, and robust shape detection by voting from multiple footprint boundary candidates. The effectiveness of the proposed method is evaluated using TLS point clouds.

scholarly journals HBIM, 3D drawing and virtual reality for archaeological sites and ancient ruins

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Banfi
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Holistic Model ◽  
Digital Modelling ◽  
The Creation

<p class="VARAbstract">Data collection, documentation and analysis of the traces of ancient ruins and archaeological sites represent an inestimable value to be handed down to future generations. Thanks to the development of new technologies in the field of computer graphics, Building Information Modelling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR) and three-dimensional (3D) digital survey, this research proposes new levels of interactivity between users and virtual environments capable of communicating the tangible and intangible values of remains of ancient ruins. In this particular field of development, 3D drawing and digital modelling are based on the application of new Scan-to-HBIM-to-VR specifications capable of transforming simple points (point clouds) into mathematical models and digital information. Thanks to the direct application of novel grades of generation (GOG) and accuracy (GOA) it has been possible to go beyond the creation of complex models for heritage BIM (HBIM) and explore the creation of informative 3D representation composed by sub-elements (granular HBIM objects) characterized by a further level of knowledge. The value of measurement, 3D drawing and digital modelling have been investigated from the scientific point of view and oriented to the generation of a holistic model able to relate both with architects, engineers, and surveyors but also with archaeologists, restorers and virtual tourists.</p><p>Highlights:</p><ul><li><p>The concept of ‘granular HBIM objects’ is introduced to show the unexpressed potential of the scan-to-BIM process for different types of data analyses and uses.</p></li><li><p>Sustainable development of VR projects for archaeological sites is proposed, allowing users to discover the hidden historical values with new levels of interactivity and information.</p></li><li><p>HBIM and VR projects have been improved through the integration of laser scanning, digital photogrammetry (terrestrial and UAV) and advanced modelling techniques.</p></li></ul>

scholarly journals Laser Scanning in Engineering Surveying: Methods of Measurement and Modeling of Structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Lenda ◽  
Andrzej Uznański ◽  
Michał Strach ◽  
Paulina Lewińska
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Prototype Phase

Abstract The study is devoted to the uses of laser scanning in the field of engineering surveying. It is currently one of the main trends of research which is developed at the Department of Engineering Surveying and Civil Engineering at the Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering of AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow. They mainly relate to the issues associated with tower and shell structures, infrastructure of rail routes, or development of digital elevation models for a wide range of applications. These issues often require the use of a variety of scanning techniques (stationary, mobile), but the differences also regard the planning of measurement stations and methods of merging point clouds. Significant differences appear during the analysis of point clouds, especially when modeling objects. Analysis of the selected parameters is already possible basing on ad hoc measurements carried out on a point cloud. However, only the construction of three-dimensional models provides complete information about the shape of structures, allows to perform the analysis in any place and reduces the amount of the stored data. Some structures can be modeled in the form of simple axes, sections, or solids, for others it becomes necessary to create sophisticated models of surfaces, depicting local deformations. The examples selected for the study allow to assess the scope of measurement and office work for a variety of uses related to the issue set forth in the title of this study. Additionally, the latest, forward-looking technology was presented - laser scanning performed from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (drones). Currently, it is basically in the prototype phase, but it might be expected to make a significant progress in numerous applications in the field of engineering surveying.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of the Biomechanical Behaviour of the Different Implantation Methods of the Reverse Shoulder Replacement

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
Salah Mebarki ◽  
Benaoumeur Aour ◽  
Malachanne Etienne ◽  
Franck Jourdan ◽  
Abdel Hakem Belaghit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Total Shoulder Arthroplasty ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shoulder Prosthesis ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Reverse Shoulder Replacement ◽  
Reverse Total Shoulder

Despite the widespread use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, there is still a problem of conflict between the polyethylene cup of the prosthesis and the scapula, which over time causes the phenomenon of notching. In order to circumvent this problem correctly, several innovations have been proposed regard to the implementation method. In this context, the aim of this work is to study the biomechanical behavior of new implantation methods using different glenoid configurations in order to avoid the notching phenomenon between the cup and the scapula. The study was performed using virtual prototypes of the shoulder prosthesis assembly. Using CT scan images, three-dimensional models of shoulder bones were reconstructed. The implantation of the prosthesis in the three-dimensional model was performed in collaboration with an experienced surgeon from the Caduceus Clinic (Oran, Algeria). The numerical models were imported to finite element calculation software. After the validation of the numerical model using the literature results, we assessed the biomechanical behavior of four implantation methods under the same boundary conditions and abduction movements. From the obtained results, it was found that among the proposed methods, the BIO-SR lateralization method offers significant biomechanical advantages in terms of the forces applied to the glenoid during the abduction movement.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL METRIC MODEL CONSTRUCTION FROM LASER SCANNING DATA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Maxim A. Altyntsev ◽  
Pavel A. Karpik
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Computer Environment ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Three-dimensional metric models of real physical objects are actively used when solving various tasks in the process of a person's professional activity. In the construction industry, 3D modeling helps to capture all life cycles of buildings from engineering surveys to design, operation and demolition work. Three-dimensional models allow quickly performing all the necessary measurements in a computer environment, provide the ability to build two-dimensional drawings and make changes to design documentation. Among all types of three-dimensional models, there are separately those that allow storing various attributive information about an object in addition to geometric information, significantly automate the process of many engineering calculations using a three-dimensional model and provide the ability to automatically create various types of documentation. These types of three-dimensional models are called building information models (BIM). The most appropriate method is laser scanning as a data source for creating BIM. The technique of three-dimensional modeling based on laser scanning data is discussed. The advantages of BIM over simple three-dimensional models created in specialized software for processing laser scanning data and computer-aided design systems are analyzed.

scholarly journals CREATION OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE IN AGISOFT PHOTOSCAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Egor V. Kazharin
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Object Model ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Architectural Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Time Required ◽  
The Cost

All architectural structures are a subject to periodic surveys and use of photogrammetric methods for these purposes will ensure a reduction in time required to complete the work, required accuracy, as well as ability to fulfill the required measurements on a pair of images in office conditions without additional field visits, which will significantly reduce the cost of implementation of this type of work. In order to solve the problems of building three-dimensional models of such objects, a ground-based photography is used more often. This method of photographing, in comparison with other methods, such as ground-based laser scanning, facade shooting with the help of electronic total stations, seems more affordable, since it does not require the use of expensive equipment, but it makes it possible to build an object model with the specified accuracy. For ground photography it is enough to have a calibrated digital camera, computer and software. The purpose of this work is to study the method of constructing a three-dimensional model of an architectural structure based on photogrammetric processing of images, as well as optimizing the result and demonstrating the operability of the method.

scholarly journals Roadway Stability Evaluation on the Basis of Modern Monitoring of Displacement

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Majcherczyk ◽  
Zbigniew Niedbalski ◽  
Artur Ulaszek
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Stability Evaluation ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Roadway Stability ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Cloud Of Points

Abstract The paper presents the application of a 3D laser measurement technology in a modern monitoring of roadways. The authors analyze the possibility of using a three-dimensional scanning measurement of longwall working dimensions. The measurement results are presented in the form of a cloud of points obtained from a 3D laser scanning. The paper also presents a comparison of the results obtained from the convergence of traditionally-made measurements with the measurements derived from the threedimensional scanning and discusses possible methods of comparing different point clouds.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF GEODATA IN DOCUMENTING CASTLE RUINS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Delis ◽  
M. Wojtkowska ◽  
P. Nerc ◽  
I. Ewiak ◽  
A. Lada
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Imagery ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Different Sources

Textured three dimensional models are currently the one of the standard methods of representing the results of photogrammetric works. A realistic 3D model combines the geometrical relations between the structure’s elements with realistic textures of each of its elements. Data used to create 3D models of structures can be derived from many different sources. The most commonly used tool for documentation purposes, is a digital camera and nowadays terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Integration of data acquired from different sources allows modelling and visualization of 3D models historical structures. Additional aspect of data integration is possibility of complementing of missing points for example in point clouds. The paper shows the possibility of integrating data from terrestrial laser scanning with digital imagery and an analysis of the accuracy of the presented methods. The paper describes results obtained from raw data consisting of a point cloud measured using terrestrial laser scanning acquired from a Leica ScanStation2 and digital imagery taken using a Kodak DCS Pro 14N camera. The studied structure is the ruins of the Ilza castle in Poland.

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