scholarly journals Differential absorbance as evaluation method of TOX concentrations generated during surface water chlorination

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jodłowski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Halogen Compounds ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
By Products

Chlorination of waters containing natural organic matter (NOM) produces disinfection by-products (DBPs) including harmful THMs and HAAs. A collective parameter and toxicity index of all chlorination products contained in finished water is the total concentration of organic-bound halogen compounds (TOX). Determination of this indicator is carried out by adsorption-pyrolysis method, which is complicated and requires specialized apparatus. The competitive method of TOX concentration determination in water is differential absorbance. Effect of natural organic matter removal from surface waters in coagulation as well in coagulation and adsorption processes on the decrease of TOX concentration measured by differential absorbance was determined.

scholarly journals Natural Organic Matter Removal from Raw Surface Water: Benchmarking Performance of Chemical Coagulants through Excitation-Emission Fluorescence Matrix Spectroscopy Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Raymond John C. Go ◽  
Hui-Ling Yang ◽  
Chi-Chuan Kan ◽  
Dennis C. Ong ◽  
Sergi Garcia-Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Polyaluminum Chloride ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
By Products ◽  
Chemical Disinfection

Chemical disinfection of surface waters has been proven effective in minimizing the risk of contamination by water-borne pathogens. However, surface waters contain natural organic matter (NOM) which, upon chemical disinfection, is readily converted into hazardous disinfection-by-products. Hence, NOM removal from these waters is critical. Chemical coagulation is a readily implementable technology to minimize these undesired side-effects by NOM removal. Herein, capabilities of ferric chloride (FeCl3) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl) as pre-treatment for NOM abatement from natural raw surface water have been benchmarked. Excitation-emission fluorescence matrix (EEM) spectroscopy characterization of NOM fractions demonstrated high removal efficiency. A two-level full factorial design was employed to analyze the effects of coagulant dosage and initial pH on the removal of turbidity, humic acid-like substances and fulvic acid-like substances from the raw water. Higher removal of ~77% NOM was attained with PACl than with FeCl3 (~72%). Optimization through response surface methodology showed that the initial pH—coagulant dosage interaction was significant in removing NOM and turbidity for both PACl and FeCl3. These results identify the opportunity for coagulation technologies to prevent and minimize disinfection-by-products formation through NOM removal.

Long-term performance of biological ion exchange for the removal of natural organic matter and ammonia from surface waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargess Amini ◽  
Isabelle Papineau ◽  
Veronika Storck ◽  
Pierre R. Bérubé ◽  
Madjid Mohseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Determination of Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Fractions of Natural Organic Matter in Raw Water of Jalalieh and Tehranspars Water Treatment Plants (Tehran)

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 2651-2655 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Zazouli ◽  
S. Nasseri . ◽  
A.H. Mahvi . ◽  
A.R. Mesdaghinia . ◽  
M. Younecian . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Comparison of disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation from different UV technologies at bench scale

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 515-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Liu ◽  
S.A. Andrews ◽  
J.R. Bolton ◽  
K.G. Linden ◽  
C. Sharpless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Disinfection Byproduct ◽  
Pressure Medium ◽  
The Impact ◽  
As Effects

The impact of UV irradiation on disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation was investigated for low pressure, medium pressure and pulsed UV technologies using a broad range of UV doses. Four classes of DBPs (THMs, HAAs, aldehydes and carboxylic acids) were examined. This enabled the determination of effects resulting from the direct action of UV irradiation on natural organic matter (aldehydes, carboxylic acids) as well as effects on the ultimate formation of chlorinated DBPs (THMs and HAAs) from secondary chlorination. For doses of less than 1,000 mJ/cm2, UV irradiation did not affect THM and HAA formation in subsequent chlorination processes, however higher UV doses resulted in lower ultimate concentrations of THMs and HAAs. UV irradiation also resulted in the formation of aldehydes and carboxylic acids at UV doses above 500 mJ/cm2, compounds that are known to adversely effect drinking water biostability.

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