scholarly journals Smart meters as a key component of modern measuring infrastructure providing observability and state estimation of low-voltage distribution networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Yana Kuzkina ◽  
Irina Golub
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
The State ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Distribution

The paper presents a solution to the problem of organization of a system for collecting and transmitting information about measurements from smart meters necessary for the state estimation of a low-voltage distribution network. The problems of providing the sufficiency of measurements for the observability of the network and the influence of errors in the information about load connection to phases on the quality of the observability are considered. The results of allocation of smart meters and the state estimation of the real distribution network are given.

scholarly journals Three-Phase State Estimation of a Low-Voltage Distribution Network with Kalman Filter

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7421
Author(s):  
Fabio Napolitano ◽  
Juan Diego Rios Penaloza ◽  
Fabio Tossani ◽  
Alberto Borghetti ◽  
Carlo Alberto Nucci
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Phase State ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
The State ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Three Phase

The state estimation of distribution networks has long been considered a challenging task for the reduced availability of real-time measures with respect to the transmission network case. This issue is expected to be improved by the deployment of modern smart meters that can be polled at relatively short time intervals. On the other hand, the management of the information coming from many heterogeneous meters still poses major issues. If low-voltage distribution systems are of interest, a three-phase formulation should be employed for the state estimation due to the typical load imbalance. Moreover, smart meter data may not be perfectly synchronized. This paper presents the implementation of a three-phase state estimation algorithm of a real portion of a low-voltage distribution network with distributed generation equipped with smart meters. The paper compares the typical state estimation algorithm that implements the weighted least squares method with an algorithm based on an iterated Kalman filter. The influence of nonsynchronicity of measurements and of delays in communication and processing is analyzed for both approaches.

scholarly journals Real Fault Location in a Distribution Network Using Smart Feeder Meter Data

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3242
Author(s):  
Hamid Mirshekali ◽  
Rahman Dashti ◽  
Karsten Handrup ◽  
Hamid Reza Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Fault Location ◽  
Network Reliability ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
The Real

Distribution networks transmit electrical energy from an upstream network to customers. Undesirable circumstances such as faults in the distribution networks can cause hazardous conditions, equipment failure, and power outages. Therefore, to avoid financial loss, to maintain customer satisfaction, and network reliability, it is vital to restore the network as fast as possible. In this paper, a new fault location (FL) algorithm that uses the recorded data of smart meters (SMs) and smart feeder meters (SFMs) to locate the actual point of fault, is introduced. The method does not require high-resolution measurements, which is among the main advantages of the method. An impedance-based technique is utilized to detect all possible FL candidates in the distribution network. After the fault occurrence, the protection relay sends a signal to all SFMs, to collect the recorded active power of all connected lines after the fault. The higher value of active power represents the real faulty section due to the high-fault current. The effectiveness of the proposed method was investigated on an IEEE 11-node test feeder in MATLAB SIMULINK 2020b, under several situations, such as different fault resistances, distances, inception angles, and types. In some cases, the algorithm found two or three candidates for FL. In these cases, the section estimation helped to identify the real fault among all candidates. Section estimation method performs well for all simulated cases. The results showed that the proposed method was accurate and was able to precisely detect the real faulty section. To experimentally evaluate the proposed method’s powerfulness, a laboratory test and its simulation were carried out. The algorithm was precisely able to distinguish the real faulty section among all candidates in the experiment. The results revealed the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Voltage Protection and Harmonics Cancellation in Low Voltage Distribution Network

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Prof. Amruta Bijwar, Prof. Madhuri Zambre
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Monitor Function

Nowadays low voltage distribution network is considered as worldwide future generation distribution network. But the major concern is harmonics generation and steps taken to cancel those harmonics. In our proposed work, low voltage distribution network is designed with low voltage and harmonics are cancelled in our method. The combination of current control unit and voltage control unit will give extra reliable power solution to increase the required capacity of low voltage grids. The high voltage protection gears are used in worst environment for low voltage and low current distribution network test is preferable to assess a variety of operation uniqueness. Therefore, it has few restrictions in implementation of economic in addition to process methodologies. In our work a 48V direct current base up-scale low voltage distribution network test is urbanized to allow the copy and surveillance of a variety of phenomenon of direct current distribution networks. The proposed system provide stretchy pattern ability by introduce S-connectors and T-connectors module that will be proscribed distantly, and near real time monitor function through by means of a data acquisition system associated toward the nodes. Each connector be able to calculate Power, Voltage and current with up to 250 kHz frequency. To calculate power quality and to understand the performance of the distribution network, frequency analysis is required along with collected data.

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun Alat Deteksi Stabilitas Tegangan Jangka Panjang Pada Jaringan Distribusi Tegangan Rendah

Electrician ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Osea Zebua ◽  
Noer Soedjarwanto ◽  
Jemi Anggara
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Power Distribution Networks ◽  
Long Time

Intisari — Stabilitas tegangan telah menjadi perhatian yang penting dalam operasi jaringan distribusi tenaga listrik. Ketidakstabilan tegangan dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada peralatan-peralatan listrik bila terjadi dalam waktu yang lama. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membuat peralatan deteksi stabilitas tegangan jangka panjang pada jaringan tegangan rendah. Sensor tegangan dan sensor arus digunakan untuk memperoleh data tegangan dan arus. Mikrokontroler Arduino digunakan untuk memproses perhitungan deteksi stabilitas tegangan jangka panjang dari data tegangan yang diperoleh dari sensor. Hasil deteksi kondisi stabilitas tegangan ditampilkan dengan indikator lampu led. Hasil pengujian pada jaringan distribusi tegangan rendah tiga fasa menunjukkan bahwa peralatan dapat mendeteksi gangguan stabilitas tegangan jangka panjang secara online dan dinamis.Kata kunci — Deteksi, stabilitas tegangan jangka panjang, jaringan distribusi tegangan rendah. Abstract — Voltage stability has become important concern in the operation of electric power distribution networks. Voltage instability can cause damage to electrical equipments if it occurs for a long time. This paper aims to design and build long-term voltage stability detection equipment on low-voltage network. Voltage sensors and current sensors are used to obtain voltage and current data. The Arduino microcontroller is used to process calculation of long-term voltage stability detection from data obtained from the sensors. The results of detection of voltage stability conditions are displayed with the LED indicators. Test result on three-phase low-voltage distribution network shows that equipment can detect long–term voltage stability disturbance online and dynamically.Keywords— Detection, long-term voltage stability, low-voltage distribution network.

scholarly journals Robust and Fast State Estimation for Poorly-Observable Low Voltage Distribution Networks Based on the Kalman Filter Algorithm

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 4457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antončič ◽  
Papič ◽  
Blažič
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
State Estimation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
State Estimator

This paper presents a novel approach for the state estimation of poorly-observable low voltage distribution networks, characterized by intermittent and erroneous measurements. The developed state estimation algorithm is based on the Extended Kalman filter, where we have modified the execution of the filtering process. Namely, we have fixed the Kalman gain and Jacobian matrices to constant matrices; their values change only after a larger disturbance in the network. This allows for a fast and robust estimation of the network state. The performance of the proposed state-estimation algorithm is validated by means of simulations of an actual low-voltage network with actual field measurement data. Two different cases are presented. The results of the developed state estimator are compared to a classical estimator based on the weighted least squares method. The comparison shows that the developed state estimator outperforms the classical one in terms of calculation speed and, in case of spurious measurements errors, also in terms of accuracy.

scholarly journals Smart Meter Traffic in a Real LV Distribution Network

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikoleta Andreadou ◽  
Evangelos Kotsakis ◽  
Marcelo Masera
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Advanced Metering Infrastructure ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Message Size ◽  
Real Distribution ◽  
Advanced Metering

The modernization of the distribution grid requires a huge amount of data to be transmitted and handled by the network. The deployment of Advanced Metering Infrastructure systems results in an increased traffic generated by smart meters. In this work, we examine the smart meter traffic that needs to be accommodated by a real distribution system. Parameters such as the message size and the message transmission frequency are examined and their effect on traffic is showed. Limitations of the system are presented, such as the buffer capacity needs and the maximum message size that can be communicated. For this scope, we have used the parameters of a real distribution network, based on a survey at which the European Distribution System Operators (DSOs) have participated. For the smart meter traffic, we have used two popular specifications, namely the G3-PLC–“G3 Power Line communication” and PRIME–acronym for “PoweRline Intelligent Metering Evolution”, to simulate the characteristics of a system that is widely used in practice. The results can be an insight for further development of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems that control and monitor the Low Voltage (LV) distribution grid. The paper presents an analysis towards identifying the needs of distribution networks with respect to telecommunication data as well as the main parameters that can affect the Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) system performance. Identifying such parameters is consequently beneficial to designing more efficient ICT systems for Advanced Metering Infrastructure.

scholarly journals Design of power substation placement with GIS tracing tools

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Gadalov ◽  
S.V. Kosyakov
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Transformer Substation ◽  
Urban Distribution ◽  
Gis Environment

Analytical methods that are currently used to determine transformer substation placement in the process of planning the development of low-voltage distribution networks are based on calculating the lengths of future power lines by Euclidean distance, or methods for comparing several alternative placement options taking into account the routes of power lines. Assumptions made in this case lead to the fact that for the selected location of the substation, the total cost of the power lines connected to it may exceed the possible minimum. The use of modern GIS technologies allows simulating the routes of laying power lines on the map bypassing the existing obstacles or finding the cheapest routes for crossing them. These opportunities can be used to improve the quality of designing urban distribution networks through minimizing the construction cost of new power lines. However, the methods of organizing the solution to such a design problem have not yet found practical applications. The aim of the work is to develop a practical method of designing the placement of power substations in the GIS environment and its verification using real data. The paper uses methods of spatial modeling in the GIS environment, including methods of overlay, finding optimal paths on graphs and power grid inventory, as well as discrete optimization methods. A method of computer-aided design of transformer substation placement in urban distribution low-voltage networks is proposed and implemented as a GIS software module, which allows finding the optimal options of the placement cost at the stages of network scheme selection. The paper presents the results of the method analysis based on studying the design of the power grid scheme of Ivanovo city quarters as an example. The results confirm the possibility of using GIS to improve the quality of decisions on the choice of placement of low voltage distribution substations when designing urban electrical networks and can be used in the electrical networks CAD.

scholarly journals Advanced voltage control method for improving the voltage quality of low-voltage distribution networks with photovoltaic penetrations

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marika Nakamura ◽  
Shinya Yoshizawa ◽  
Hideo Ishii ◽  
Yasuhiro Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Power Conditioning ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Measurement Period ◽  
Voltage Violation

AbstractAs the number of photovoltaic (PV) power generators connected to the distribution grid increases, applications of on-load tap changers (OLTCs), power conditioning systems, and static reactive power compensators are being considered to mitigate the problem of voltage violation in low voltage distribution systems. The reactive power control by power conditioning systems and static reactive power compensators can mitigate steep voltage fluctuations. However, it creates losses in generation opportunities. On the other hand, OLTCs are installed at the bases of distribution lines and can collectively manage the entire system. However, the conventional voltage control method, i.e., the line drop compensation (LDC) method, is not designed for the case in which a large number of PV systems are installed in the distribution network, which results in voltage violations above the limit of the acceptable range. This study proposes a method to determine the optimal LDC control parameters of the voltage regulator, considering the power factor of PV systems to minimize the magnitude of voltage violations based on the voltage profile analysis of low-voltage (LV) distribution networks. Specifically, during a measurement period of several days, the voltages at some LV consumers and pole transformers were measured, and the optimal parameters were determined by analyzing the collected data. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through a numerical simulation study using the actual distribution system model under several scenarios of PV penetration rates. Additionally, the difference in the effectiveness of voltage violation reduction was verified in the case where all the LV consumer’s consumer voltage data measured per minute were used as well as in the case where only the maximum and minimum values of the data within the measurement period were used. The results reveal that the proposed method, which operates within the parameters determined by the voltage analysis of the LV distribution network, is superior to the conventional method. Furthermore, it was found that even if only the maximum and minimum values of the measurement data were used, an effective voltage violation reduction could be expected.

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