scholarly journals Improved thermal energy storage for heating and cooling of buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 01100
Author(s):  
Rok Koželj ◽  
Žiga Ahčin ◽  
Eva Zavrl ◽  
Uroš Stritih
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Change Material

One of the great challenges in the energy sector represents retrofit of residential buildings where 3/4 of buildings in Europe are residential. To reduce energy consumption and increase the use of renewables in existing residential buildings a holistic approach of retrofit with interconnected technological system is needed. In the present paper energy toolkit based on the synergetic interaction between technologies integrated in the system for holistic retrofit of residential buildings which is under development within HEART project (HORIZON 2020) is presented. In this project step towards self-sufficient heating and cooling of building is made with an increase in on-site consumption of self-produced energy in PV from solar energy, where produced electrical energy is used also for heat pump operation. In this case thermal energy storage plays an important role for storing heat or cold for time when solar energy is not available. Improvement of sensible thermal energy storage with implemented cylindrical modules at the top of the heat storage tank and filled with phase change material is investigated experimentally. 43 litres of paraffin with phase change temperature between 27 °C and 29 °C was used in a system, what represented 15 % of total volume of heat storage tank. The results from experiment shows that thermal energy storage unit with integrated modules filled with phase change material can supply desired level of water temperature for twice as long at smaller temperature level as sensible thermal energy storage what is the consequence of higher energy density that can be stored during phase change. The advantage of phase change materials is in thermal energy storage for applications that needs narrow temperature range of supplying and storing thermal energy what is the subject matter of consideration in the case of HEART project.

Thermal Energy Storage Thermal Response Model With Application to Thermal Management of High Power-Density Hand-Held Electronics

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Wirtz ◽  
K. Swanson ◽  
M. Yaquinto
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
High Power ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
High Power Density ◽  
Storage Volume ◽  
Change Material

An important design objective that is unique to hand-held units is the need to constrain two temperatures: the maximum temperature of the electronic components and the maximum skin temperature of the hand-held unit. The present work identifies and evaluates, through parametric modeling and experiments, the passive thermal energy storage volume characteristics and phase change material composite properties that are most suitable for thermal control of small form-factor, high power-density, hand-held electronics. A one-dimensional transient analytical model, based on an integral heat balance, is formulated and benchmarked. The model accurately simulates the heat storage/recovery process in a semi-infinite, “dry” phase change material slab. Dimensional analysis identifies the time and temperature metrics and nondimensional parameters that describe the heat storage/release process. Parametric analysis illustrates how changes in these nondimensional parameters affect thermal energy storage volume thermal response.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the State of Charge of a Solid/Liquid Phase Change Material in a Thermal Energy Storage Tank

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Zsembinszki ◽  
Christian Orozco ◽  
Jaume Gasia ◽  
Tilman Barz ◽  
Johann Emhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
The State ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Change Material

Monitoring of the state of charge of the thermal energy storage component in solar thermal systems for space heating and/or cooling in residential buildings is a key element from the overall system control strategy point of view. According to the literature, there is not a unique method for determining the state of charge of a thermal energy storage system that could generally be applied in any system. This contribution firstly provides a classification of the state-of-the-art of available techniques for the determination of the state of charge, and secondly, it presents an experimental analysis of different methods based on established sensor technologies, namely temperature, mass flow rates, and pressure measurements, tested using a lab-scale heat exchanger filled with a commercial phase change material for cooling applications. The results indicate that, depending on the expected accuracy and available instrumentation, each of the methods studied here can be used in the present application, the deviations between the methods generally being below 20%. This study concludes that a proper combination of two or more of these methods would be the ideal strategy to obtain a more reliable and accurate estimation of the state of charge of the latent heat thermal energy storage.

scholarly journals Thermophysical Properties Characterization of Sulphoaluminate Cement Mortars Incorporating Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5024
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Cui ◽  
Xiaoyun Du ◽  
Yanzhou Cao ◽  
Guochen Sang ◽  
Yangkai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Change Material ◽  
Curing Age

Efficient use of solar energy by thermal energy storage composites and utilizing environmentally friendly cementitious materials are important trends for sustainable building composite materials. In this study, a paraffin/low density polyethylene (LDPE) composite shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) was prepared and incorporated into a sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) mortar to prepare thermal energy storage mortar. The thermal and mechanical properties of SSPCM and a SAC-based thermal energy storage material (SCTESM) were investigated. The result of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis indicates that the latent heat of SCTESM is as high as 99.99 J/g. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates that the SCTESM does not show significant decomposition below 145 °C. The volume stability test shows the volume shrinkage percentage of the SCTESM is less than that of pure SAC mortar and far less than that of ordinary Portland cement mortar. The SCTESM has high early strength so that the compressive strength at 1-, 3-, and 7-day curing age is up to that at 28-day curing age of 67.5%, 78.3%, and 86.7%, respectively. Furthermore, a mathematical prediction model of the SCTESM compressive strength was proposed. The investigation of latent heat storage characteristics and the thermoregulating performance reveals that SCTESMs have the excellent capacity of heat storage and thermoregulating.

Experimental Study of Thermal Energy Storage System

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Chwen Yang ◽  
Shr-Hau Huang ◽  
Hsiang-Hui Lin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Heating Chamber ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Storage Material ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage Material ◽  
Change Material

Abstract In this paper, the feasibility of phase change material that used for thermal energy storage in the range of 400 ∼ 600°C in the form of latent heat is examined for nine different salts and eutectic salts. The Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to perform the quantitative measurement of the phase change temperature (Tm) and latent heat (ΔH). The thermal properties of NaCl-CaCl2 at repeated heating and cooling cycles were studied with a heating chamber. The quality observation for this phase change material was also performed with this heating chamber to understand its physical phenomena during heating and cooling process. It is found that NaCl-CaCl2 is a good candidate of thermal energy storage material for its stable properties, low cost, and no toxic. Finally, the thermal storage unit with NaCl-CaCl2 as thermal energy storage material was tested to study and evaluate its performance as the application in the waste heat recovery system.

scholarly journals Optimization of Design Variables of a Phase Change Material Storage Tank and Comparison of a 2D Implicit vs. 2D Explicit Model

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2605
Author(s):  
Alicia Crespo ◽  
Gabriel Zsembinszki ◽  
David Vérez ◽  
Emiliano Borri ◽  
Cèsar Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Explicit Scheme ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Change Material

In this study, a thermal energy storage tank filled with commercial phase change material flat slabs is investigated. The tank provides heat at around 15 °C to the evaporator of a seasonal thermal energy storage system developed under the EU-funded project SWS-Heating. A 2D numerical model of the phase changed material storage tank based on the finite control volume approach was developed and validated with experimental data. Based on the validated model, an optimization was performed to identify the number, type and configuration of slabs. The final goal of the phase change material tank model is to be implemented into the whole generic heating system model. A trade-off between results’ accuracy and computational time of the phase change material model is needed. Therefore, a comparison between a 2D implicit and 2D explicit scheme of the model was performed. The results showed that using an explicit scheme instead of an implicit scheme with a reasonable number of nodes (15 to 25) in the heat transfer fluid direction allowed a considerable decrease in the computational time (7 times for the best case) with only a slight reduction in the accuracy in terms on mean average percentage error (0.44%).

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of an Active PCM Thermal Energy Storage System for Space Cooling in Residential Buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Sandris Rucevskis ◽  
Pavel Akishin ◽  
Aleksandrs Korjakins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Space Cooling ◽  
Change Material

Abstract This paper presents a numerical simulation-based study that evaluates the potential of an active phase change material (PCM) incorporated thermal energy storage (TES) system for space cooling in residential buildings. In the proposed concept, TES system is composed of stand-alone PCM storage units which are installed between the concrete ceiling slab and the ceiling finishing layer. Active control of the thermal energy storage is achieved by night cooling of a phase change material by means of cold water flowing within a capillary pipe system. Effectiveness of the system under the typical summer conditions of the Baltic States is analysed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software Ansys Fluent. Results showed that installation of the active TES system has a positive effect on thermal comfort, reducing the average indoor air temperature by 6.8 °C. The outcome of this investigation would be helpful in selecting the key characteristics of the system in order to achieve the optimum performance of an active TES system for space cooling of buildings in similar climates.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of an Aluminum Container including a Phase Change Material for Cooling Energy Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Luigi Mongibello ◽  
Nicola Bianco ◽  
Martina Caliano ◽  
Giorgio Graditi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Unit ◽  
Energy Storage Unit ◽  
Aluminum Container ◽  
Change Material

Thermal energy storage systems can be determinant for an effective use of solar energy, as they allow to decouple the thermal energy production by the solar source from thermal loads, and thus allowing solar energy to be exploited also during nighttime and cloudy periods. The current study deals with the modelling and simulation of a cooling thermal energy storage unit consisting of an aluminum container partially filled with a phase change material (PCM). Two unsteady models are implemented and discussed, namely a conduction-based model and a conduction-convection-based one. The equations systems relative to both the models are solved by means of the Comsol Multiphysics finite element solver, and results are presented in terms of temporal variation of temperature in different points inside the PCM, of the volume average liquid fraction, and of the cooling energy stored and released through the aluminum container external surface during the charge and discharge, respectively. Moreover, the numerical results obtained by the implementation of the above different models are compared with experimental ones obtained with a climatic chamber. The comparison between numerical and experimental results indicate that, for the considered cooling energy storage unit, free convection plays a crucial role in the heat transfer inside the liquid PCM and cannot be neglected.

Influence of the Heating and Cooling Rate on Thermal Performance of Cement-Lime Plaster with PCM Admixture

2016 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 150-154
Author(s):  
Jan Fořt ◽  
Anton Trník ◽  
Zbyšek Pavlík
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Temperature Change Rate ◽  
Lime Plaster

Thermal energy storage represents an important aspect of building energy conservation. Unfortunately, modern buildings with lightweight building envelopes not provide sufficient heat storage capacity and indoor overheating is a common problem, mostly solved by high performance air conditioning that leads to the higher electricity consumption. Here, Phase Change Materials (PCMs) that allow significant heat storage or release when undergo phase transition can find use. On this account, a detailed testing of a new type of cement-lime plaster modified by PCM admixture with respect to the temperature change rate is presented in the paper. The studied material is based on commercial dry plaster mixture that is modified by microencapsulated polymer PCM admixture. For characterization of the developed material, measurement of basic physical and mechanical properties is done. Within the DSC analysis, the researched material is exposed to the temperature loading ranging from 0 °C to 40 °C, with the temperature change rate of 1, 5 and 10 °C/min respectively. On the basis of DSC tests, temperature of phase change and its corresponding enthalpy are determined. The obtained data show the effect of heating and cooling mode on materials performance in the form of a significant shift of DSC curves. This effect is evaluated and applicability of incorporated PCM admixture for the use in thermal energy storage plasters is discussed.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Nucleation Triggering in a Thermal Energy Storage Based on Xylitol Used in a Portable Solar Box Cooker

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5981
Author(s):  
Gianluca Coccia ◽  
Alessia Aquilanti ◽  
Sebastiano Tomassetti ◽  
Pio Francesco Muciaccia ◽  
Giovanni Di Di Nicola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Test Fluid ◽  
Sugar Alcohols ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Heat Storage Materials ◽  
Change Material

Sugar alcohols have interesting thermodynamic properties that make them good options as heat storage materials (HSMs) to be used in solar cookers. Among sugar alcohols, xylitol is affected by severe supercooling that can significantly alter its usefulness in thermal energy storage (TES) systems. To overcome the supercooling issue, in this work the thermal behavior of a xylitol-based TES installed in a portable solar box cooker was investigated experimentally. The solar cooker has a 4.08 concentration ratio and the TES is a double-pot system filled with 2.5 kg of commercial-grade xylitol. The TES includes a manual mixing device that can be used to trigger the nucleation of xylitol. The effectiveness of the TES system with and without triggering was assessed through several outdoor tests, divided into heating and cooling phases, using silicone oil as absorbing media. It was found that the average load cooling time, in the temperature range of the test fluid from 110 to 80∘C, increased by about 346% when the solar cooker was equipped with the xylitol-triggered TES. The mixing device can therefore be considered an effective solution for regarding xylitol as an actual and performing phase change material.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document