scholarly journals Ecological and hygienic assessment of environment in the town with glass packaging production

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 01044
Author(s):  
Anton Martsev ◽  
Oleg Selivanov

The population of the industrialized centers is constantly affected by the complex of technogenic factors of environmental pollution. The leading technogenic factor is known to impact negatively the population health is air pollution. Technogenic air pollution in cities is caused by the emissions of contaminants both as a result of motor transportation and industrial enterprises. This impact is one of the main reasons for the public health deterioration. Glass production is among such sources. Air pollution with toxic substances causes soil pollution, which ecological and sanitary condition can serve as a marker of environmental pollution rate. The study objective was the ecological and hygienic environment assessment of the Gorokhovets town in the Vladimir region, where modern glass empties production is functioning. Statistics of the regional official services in Gorokhovets district of the Vladimir region, as well as data from our own research have been applied for the research. Heavy metals in soil have been detected by x-ray fluorescence method applying spectrometer “Spectroscan MAX-G”. Anions content in soils was determined using water extracts from soil samples by capillary electrophoresis applying device “Kapel-104”. Results. The statistics published by the official regional state services on the gross amount of air pollutants emissions have been analyzed. Data on the heavy metals (HM) and anions content in various parts of Gorokhovets have been obtained. Conclusion. The ecologic-hygienic assessment of environment allowed to reveal that vehicles make the largest contribution to the air pollution in Gorohovets area in recent years. The main stationary air pollution source n is the glass works “Rusdzham” as first of all nitrogen oxides are its by-products.

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 204-214
Author(s):  
Wen Yong Wang ◽  
Bo Jun Ke ◽  
Gao Ping Fu

This thesis has provided a detailed survey of the basic situation of air pollution sources (point sources, non-point sources and line sources) in Chengdu urban agglomeration and calculated the pollutant emissions for each type of pollution sources by using the pollution source monitoring data (on-line monitoring and routine monitoring) or emission factor method. A temporal allocation has been carried out for the emissions of each type of sources (point sources, non-point sources and line sources) according to the production characteristics of the industrial enterprises which discharge air pollutants, the working and living law of human being and driving rules of vehicles. As for the spatial allocation of pollution sources, enterprises with confirmed location have been located by their latitude and longitude. For pollution sources whose location is unknown, their spatial allocation has been carried out and a detailed emission inventory of the pollution sources has been compiled on the basis of the population ratio of each grid and GDP output ratio, which provides basis data for the air quality stimulation and policy-making for prevention and control of air pollution of urban agglomeration.


Author(s):  
С.А. Бекузарова ◽  
Д.И. Тебиева ◽  
А.Д. Бекмурзов ◽  
Л.А. Кебалова ◽  
К.В. Корбесова

Атмосферный воздух – главный компонент окружающей среды, представляющий собой смесь газов атмосферы и вредных для живых организмов элементов, получивших распространение под влиянием выхлопных газов автомобилей. Актуальной проблемой охраны окружающей среды являются, прежде всего, исследования, направленные на улучшение воздуха автомобильных дорог, особенно на Северном Кавказе, где сосредоточены курорты и базы отдыха. Основными источниками поступления загрязняющих веществ в атмосферу являются промышленные предприятия и автотранспорт. Ежегодное увеличение количества автотранспорта вызывает тревогу в связи с загрязнением атмосферы вдоль дорожного полотна, влияющего на здоровье человека. Целью работы было расширение ассортимента растений на обочинах автодорог, которые обладают способностью сорбировать токсиканты воздуха. Методы исследования. На обочинах автодорог, высевались смеси из семян растений, способных максимально сорбировать химические вещества из воздуха (пасленовые, крестоцветные, сложноцветные, бобовые и злаковые). Пасленовые растения обладают способностью поглощать соединения кадмия, бобовые и злаковые (маревые) сорбируют тяжелые металлы, крестоцветные – улавливают из воздуха мышьяк и ртуть. Затем эти травы оставляли на несколько лет для самообновления. Результаты.Проведенный анализ сорбционной способности аккумулирующих тяжелые металлы растений, позволил выделить фитоиндикаторы, способные снижать токсичность воздуха и почвы. Подобранный состав фитоценоза позволяет значительно снизить токсичность воздуха автомобильных дорог. Представителей этих видов семейств не скашивают, оставляя их для возобновления роста с помощью семян, осыпающихся в начале июня. Преимущество должны иметь растения из семейства пасленовых, сорбирующие больше кадмия, а растения с опушенными листьями больше поглощают мышьяк и ртуть. Результаты проведенных работ показали, что с целью снижения содержания вредных химических веществ вдоль автомагистралей рационально высевать растения с гипераккумулирующими свойствами из семейства пасленовых, крестоцветных, астровых, сложноцветных, злаковых и бобовых в комплексе An urgent problem of environmental protection is, first of all, research aimed at improving the air of roads, especially in the North Caucasus, where resorts and recreation centers are concentrated. The main sources of air pollution are industrial enterprises and motor vehicles. The annual increase in vehicles is alarming for air pollution along the roadway, affecting human health In order to expand the assortment of plants on highways with a hyper accumulative ability to sorb air toxicants, plant seeds from families of nightshade, cruciferous, asteraceae, legumes and cereals were sown on strips 3-4 m along the highway. Aim.Expanding the assortment of plants on roadsides that have the ability to absorb air toxicants.Methods. On the roadsides, mixtures of plant seeds were sown that were capable of absorbing chemicals from the air (nightshade, cruciferous, asteraceae, legumes and cereals).Solanaceous plants have the ability to absorb cadmium compounds, legumes and cereals (haze) adsorb heavy metals, cruciferous ones capture arsenic and mercury from the air. Then these herbs were left for several years for self-renewal.Results.The analysis of the sorption ability of plants accumulating heavy metals has been carried out; phytoindicators have been identified that can reduce the toxicity of air and soil. The selected composition of the phytocenosis can significantly reduce the air toxicity of roads. Representatives of these species of families are not mowed, leaving them to resume growth using seeds that crumble in early June. Plants of the nightshade family, which sorb more cadmium, should have an advantage, while plants with lowered leaves absorb arsenic and mercury more.The results of the work showed that in order to reduce chemicals along highways, sow plants with hyperaccumulative properties from the family of nightshade, cruciferous, aster, asteraceae, cereals and legumes in the complex


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1275-1280
Author(s):  
Adem Dreshaj ◽  
Bedri Millaku ◽  
Sabiha Shala ◽  
Afrim Selimaj ◽  
Halit Shabani

: Concerns and uncertainty about the life on Earth are constantly growing, today greater than ever before, as a result of human activity. In this regard, the major dangers that threaten our planet include uncontrolled utilization of natural resources, environmental deterioration and environmental pollution over Earth's regenerating possibilities. Whereas, the main causes of pollution are deforestation, erosion, greenhouse gas emissions, poor urban and industrial waste control and uncontrolled mining activities. All of these lead to serious consequences for life on Earth, because of the natural resources of the soil and its capacity to absorb waste gases (CH4), and the release of heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Fe and As, which are the biggest soil pollutants. The Earth is being cemented, and its regenerating capacities are being diminished every day.


2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2150-2159
Author(s):  
Dan Bodescu ◽  
George Ungureanu ◽  
Radu Adrian Moraru ◽  
Ioan Gabriel Sandu ◽  
Costica Bejinariu

The products of honey bees can be used as indicators and monitors of a variety of environmental pollutants because of the bees� ability to collect materials that reflect their immediate environmental conditions. Human activities produce more waste and administrate the pesticides, the amounts and toxicity of which often exceed the environment�s homeostatic capacity to cleanse itself, and this is constantly transforming due to intensive agricultural practices necessary to increase food production as human population grows. The main sources for contamination of honey with heavy metals are represented by placing hives near urban areas with heavy car traffic, or industrialized areas and the use on the entire circuit of production, objects or containers made of materials unsuitable (unacceptable). For that reason regular monitoring of the environment is so important. Honey bees, thanks to their morphological features, and also bee products are regarded as good indicators of environmental pollution by toxic substances, be these heavy metals, radioactive elements or persistent organic pollutants such as pesticides. Consequently, it is important to estimate the environmental fate and Eco toxicological effects of these different xenobiotic. Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) have been used as biological indicators of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) in two intensely cultivated in areas of Neamt County, Romania. This area is representative for the pre-mountain and mountain zone of Romania. The stratified sample has been face-to-face interviewed in 2016 regarding the data from the year 2015. The total consumption specific for the honey production was about 628 MJ hive-1, and the energy output reached 235 MJ hive-1, determining an energy productivity of 0.030 kg MJ-1 and an energy use efficiency of 0.37. Specific energy amounted 33.3MJ kg-1 due to the inefficiency of traveling during the apiaries movements and the inappropriate correlation between the apiaries size and the zonal melliferous potential. In this paper available literature data and information on the morphological features of the honey bee, the utilization of the honey bee and its products as indicators of environmental pollution, and a historical outline of some of the legislation relating to beekeeping have been critically compared and discussed.


2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kosiba

The aim of the study was, to find out whether the occurrence of <em>Rhytisma acerinium</em> and the variability of numbers of the "tar-spot" fungus on <em>Acer platanoides</em> leaves depend on the degree of environmental pollution. <em>A significant</em> variability was found between sites in relation to contents of chemical elements in soils, leaves and numbers of "tar-spots". The similarity of sites presented in dendrograms classified them as industrial, urban-agglomeration and vehicle-transport areas. The factor and PCA analyses showed that two factors differentiate the soil of the sites in respect of Fe, Cu, Co, Mo, Cr, Ni, Cd and N, S, Mn, Pb. In case of leaves of <em>A. platanoides</em> populations differentiate them in respect of N, S, Fe, Pb, Zn, Co, Be, Cr, Cd and Mn, Cu, Mo. The different air pollutions affect significantly the numbers of "tar-spots" on leaves. Sites with the highest contents of elements do not show "tar-spots", and the factors restricting their occurrence are the high contents, mainly of N, S (NO<sub>X</sub>, SO<sub>X</sub>) and heavy metals. In sites, with the lowest contents of these elements massive infections take place. The occurrence of <em>R. acerinium</em> corresponding with the level of site pollution can be used as a tool for evaluation of the degree of environmental pollution.


2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1401-1405
Author(s):  
Mihaela Budianu ◽  
Brindusa Mihaela Robu ◽  
Matei Macoveanu

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O. Angelidis

The impact of the urban effluents of Mytilene (Lesvos island, Greece) on the receiving coastal marine environment, was evaluated by studying the quality of the city effluents (BOD5, COD, SS, heavy metals) and the marine sediments (grain size, organic matter, heavy metals). It was found that the urban effluents of Mytilene contain high organic matter and suspended particle load because of septage discharge into the sewerage network. Furthermore, although the city does not host important industrial activity, its effluents contain appreciable metal load, which is mainly associated with the particulate phase. The city effluents are discharged into the coastal marine environment and their colloidal and particulate matter after flocculation settles to the bottom, where is incorporated into the sediments. Over the years, the accumulation of organic matter and metals into the harbour mud has created a non-point pollution source in the relatively non-polluted coastal marine environment of the island. Copper and Zn were the metals which presented the higher enrichment in the sediments of the inner harbour of Mytilene.


2021 ◽  
pp. 285-329
Author(s):  
Dhaneshwar Padhan ◽  
Pragyan Paramita Rout ◽  
Ritesh Kundu ◽  
Samrat Adhikary ◽  
Purbasha Priyadarshini Padhi

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