scholarly journals System of greening of urban spaces and its role in optimization of the micro- and bioclimate environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 03060
Author(s):  
Adham Giyasov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Framework System ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urban Territory

The article is devoted to the issue of sustainable development of green areas of the urbanized environment. The main problems of the functional filling of the open spaces of the urban territory with a green structure in the natural framework system and the impact of landscaping on the ecological environment are considered. The role of the urban greening system in multi-storey buildings with the aim of optimizing the micro- and bioclimatic environment is studied. Examples of using landscaping techniques as an important component of the natural landscape as means to compensate for anthropogenic impact are given. Real data have been obtained on the microclimatic and bioclimatic effectiveness of landscaping of various sizes, which determine the planning structure of the urban area with the appropriate techniques and principles of landscaping in the field of dendrology of cities of southern latitude. Variants of intensive landscaping of the urban area are proposed.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from a visible-light responsive metal–organic framework system: the impact of nickel phosphide nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2476-2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stavroula Kampouri ◽  
Tu N. Nguyen ◽  
Christopher P. Ireland ◽  
Bardiya Valizadeh ◽  
Fatmah Mish Ebrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Nickel Phosphide ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Framework System ◽  
The Impact

We showcase the key role of the co-catalyst when combined with MIL-125-NH2 towards the photocatalytic H2 generation.

scholarly journals (Re)Assembling Anti-Oppressive Practice Teachings in Youth and Community Work through Collective Biography (2)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Bowler ◽  
Steph Green ◽  
Christine Smith ◽  
Liz Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Open Spaces ◽  
Community Work ◽  
Academic Knowledge ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Collective Biography ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
With Memory

This article draws on research undertaken as part of a Collective Biography project generated by a group of activists and lecturers teaching and researching in youth and community work (YCW). Collective Biography (CB) is an approach to research in which participants work productively with memory and writing to generate collective action orientated analysis. The emphasis on collectivized approaches to CB work acts as a potential strategy to disrupt and resist the reproduction of power in academic knowledge-making practices and the impact of powerful policy discourses in practice. The article explores the current context and contemporary challenges for teaching anti-oppressive practice in UK based universities before briefly scoping out the methodology of CB. Extracts from a memory story are used as an example of the process of collective analysis generated through the process of CB in relation to racism, the role of anti-oppressive practice, and as the basis for YCW educators to think collectively about implications for teaching going forward. The article goes on to explore the role of concepts that were worked with as part of the CB process and considers the potential significance for teaching anti-oppressive practice in YCW. The article concludes by starting to scope out key considerations relating to the potential role of CB as a grass roots strategy to open spaces of possibility alongside young people and communities in reassembling the teaching of anti-oppressive practice in YCW.

scholarly journals A Study on the Quality of Campus Landscape on Students' Attendance at the University Campus

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 950-962
Author(s):  
Mojgan Ghorbanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
University Environment ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Considering the expansion of higher education program in Iran to meet the needs of youth in recent years, there have been many institutes of higher education in closed spaces. This need is balanced now and it is time to highlight the importance of the impact of open spaces on higher education and improving its quality. The purpose of this study is to review landscape designing theories in University of Bojnord and investigating the role of these components in students’ attendance in the university environment. The ultimate goal is to extract and prioritize the desirability factors of the open spaces of campus and the students' attendance at the university. -The findings of the extraction have been analyzed based on the access to landscape design patterns. It is conducted by designing a visual questionnaire based on the components of landscape desirability such as understanding, exploration, compatible with the desire for participation and relaxation and enjoyment of the landscape. The questionnaire was given to 55 Students of University of Bojnord. The statistical population was all students of University of Bojnord. The sampling method was random clustering from the faculties of based on their gender and major. The data was stored, analyzed and processed in SPSS software. Data analysis shows the priority of the main factors of the desirability of open spaces on campus. The landscape desirability of Bojnurd University and students’ attendance at university is low and it requires a serious review of the architectural design of the university landscape.

scholarly journals The impact of data difficulty factors on classification of imbalanced and concept drifting data streams

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Brzezinski ◽  
Leandro L. Minku ◽  
Tomasz Pewinski ◽  
Jerzy Stefanowski ◽  
Artur Szumaczuk
Keyword(s):  
Data Streams ◽  
Class Imbalance ◽  
Imbalanced Data ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Minority Class ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concept Drifts

AbstractClass imbalance introduces additional challenges when learning classifiers from concept drifting data streams. Most existing work focuses on designing new algorithms for dealing with the global imbalance ratio and does not consider other data complexities. Independent research on static imbalanced data has highlighted the influential role of local data difficulty factors such as minority class decomposition and presence of unsafe types of examples. Despite often being present in real-world data, the interactions between concept drifts and local data difficulty factors have not been investigated in concept drifting data streams yet. We thoroughly study the impact of such interactions on drifting imbalanced streams. For this purpose, we put forward a new categorization of concept drifts for class imbalanced problems. Through comprehensive experiments with synthetic and real data streams, we study the influence of concept drifts, global class imbalance, local data difficulty factors, and their combinations, on predictions of representative online classifiers. Experimental results reveal the high influence of new considered factors and their local drifts, as well as differences in existing classifiers’ reactions to such factors. Combinations of multiple factors are the most challenging for classifiers. Although existing classifiers are partially capable of coping with global class imbalance, new approaches are needed to address challenges posed by imbalanced data streams.

scholarly journals A teaching tool about the fickle p value and other statistical principles based on real-life data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Alawbathani ◽  
Mehreen Batool ◽  
Jan Fleckhaus ◽  
Sarkawt Hamad ◽  
Floyd Hassenrück ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Real Data ◽  
P Value ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA poor understanding of statistical analysis has been proposed as a key reason for lack of replicability of many studies in experimental biomedicine. While several authors have demonstrated the fickleness of calculated p values based on simulations, we have experienced that such simulations are difficult to understand for many biomedical scientists and often do not lead to a sound understanding of the role of variability between random samples in statistical analysis. Therefore, we as trainees and trainers in a course of statistics for biomedical scientists have used real data from a large published study to develop a tool that allows scientists to directly experience the fickleness of p values. A tool based on a commonly used software package was developed that allows using random samples from real data. The tool is described and together with the underlying database is made available. The tool has been tested successfully in multiple other groups of biomedical scientists. It can also let trainees experience the impact of randomness, sample sizes and choice of specific statistical test on measured p values. We propose that live exercises based on real data will be more impactful in the training of biomedical scientists on statistical concepts.

Overview

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Morris
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Sacred Landscapes ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

By 1250 there were over eleven thousand parishes in Britain and every household was notionally allocated a parish church. This overview introduces the wider landscape of monastic houses, hospitals, and other institutions alongside informal devotion at places such as hermitages and stresses regional differences in sacred landscapes. It points to themes such as communications between churches and religious features such as wayside crosses, and links between urban spaces, parishes, and their churches, along with city-wide studies and the role of symbolism in town plans. Interdisciplinary approaches are fruitful, especially regarding responses to different kinds of space through the study of processional routes and performance places rendered holy at particular times of the year through communal behaviour. Finally, the display of religion through the architecture of steeples and towers is discussed and the impact of the attachment of landowners and their families to particular churches.

scholarly journals Temporary Design on Public Open Space for Improving the Pedestrian’s Perception Using Social Media Images in Winter Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6062
Author(s):  
Anastasiia A. Paukaeva ◽  
Tsuyoshi Setoguchi ◽  
Norihiro Watanabe ◽  
Vera I. Luchkova
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Public Open Space ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Open Spaces

Due to the severe climate, residents of winter cities tend not to utilize public open spaces inwinter. Temporary design interventions such as emblematic events are always proposed in wintercities to enhance pedestrian activity by celebrating the season and improving the perception ofwinter. In this study, we clarify the impact of the event on pedestrians’ perception to determinethe role of temporary design in improving the perception of public open spaces in winter cities.Using the example of event known as “Ice Town” on the Lenin Square in Khabarovsk, the contentof the Instagram images was analyzed to determine their perception during and after the event.The analysis includes classification of the images into clusters related to dierent urban elementsusing transfer learning with CNN (convolutional neural network). A total of 10,200 generated imageson the Lenin Square were considered, with 1700 images which relate the event itself. This accountsfor approximately 20% of all data, while those which related to the during the permanent use of LeninSquare accounted for just 6%. Temporary design of public open spaces has great potential to involvepedestrians in interacting with urban and natural environments in winter cities, even in severe coldclimate, by improving an impression of a place.

Drinking and Public Space in Leningrad/St. Petersburg and Helsinki in the Interwar Period

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-91
Author(s):  
Jussi Wacklin
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Drinking ◽  
Drinking Places ◽  
Police Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Public drinking has aroused long-lasting debates in St. Petersburg/Leningrad and Helsinki. Taverns, pubs, restaurants but also streets and parks as well as workplaces in the city have been the main arenas of public drinking. My central concern is the impact of policy and police regimes on public drinking. The state was heavily involved in controlling public drinking in both cities; it simultaneously monopolized and regulated the alcohol trade and condemned drunkenness. The suppression of public drinking places was common for both cities. Still, the high number of arrests for public drunkenness in open spaces and the growth of total consumption indicate that drinkers moved to open urban spaces or to private places. Police control of the public spaces and the weakening role of the licensed drinking facilities as a place for neighborhood clientele affected the sociability of drinking and the uses of public space in general.

scholarly journals Parametric Estimation of Diffusion Processes: A Review and Comparative Study

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Alejandra López-Pérez ◽  
Manuel Febrero-Bande ◽  
Wencesalo González-Manteiga
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Time ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Finite Sample ◽  
Interest Rate Dynamics ◽  
Discrete Time Observations ◽  
The Impact

This paper provides an in-depth review about parametric estimation methods for stationary stochastic differential equations (SDEs) driven by Wiener noise with discrete time observations. The short-term interest rate dynamics are commonly described by continuous-time diffusion processes, whose parameters are subject to estimation bias, as data are highly persistent, and discretization bias, as data are discretely sampled despite the continuous-time nature of the model. To assess the role of persistence and the impact of sampling frequency on the estimation, we conducted a simulation study under different settings to compare the performance of the procedures and illustrate the finite sample behavior. To complete the survey, an application of the procedures to real data is provided.

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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