A review- bioremediation of oil sludge contaminated soil

Petroleum oil as a vast source of energy widely used in the whole world in several sectors especially in industry and transportation. The leakage or contamination of oil from pipeline, tank, and industry as a form of oil sludge with soil can produce major environmental and health hazard. Bioremediation is one of the most economical and environmentally safe technology to prevent this contamination though it takes longer time. This paper reviews the basic processes involved in bioremediation, types and the factors affecting it. This study includes some previously adopted different bioremediation methods varies with different process material such as refinery treatment sludge, sewage sludge, microbial organism, bulking agents and different chemical additives. The comparison of these methods is presented in respect of the removal efficiency of an entire process as well as the TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon), aliphatic, aromatic, resins, asphaltene fraction of oil sludge within the different period of time.

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FACTORS AFFECTING THE VIABILITY OF AIR-BORNE BACTERIA: VII. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STRUCTURE OF CHEMICAL ADDITIVES AND THEIR ACTION ON AIR-BORNE CELLS

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/o63-099 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 867-873 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. J. Webb

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

The Relationship

The action of several amino-hydroxy benzenes and pyrimidines on the survival of air-borne cells has been studied. It has been found that the —OH group is largely responsible for the protectiveness or toxicity of an added compound towards air-borne cells and that the activity of an —OH group can be severely modified by an —NH2 group as well as the ring nucleus on which it is placed. The relative humidity (R.H.) at which the aerosol is held determines the toxicity or protectiveness of a given compound and different chemical configurations in added chemicals appear to be necessary in order to preserve the viability of cells as R.H. is changed.

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Environmental Health Control for the Rubber Industry

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3547377 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 512-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

W. E. McCormick

Keyword(s):

Environmental Health ◽

Health Hazard ◽

Synthetic Polymers ◽

Health Problems ◽

Working Environment ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Rubber Industry ◽

Environmental Controls ◽

Hazard Control ◽

Industrial Operations

Abstract To present a review of the health problems and their control for the Rubber Industry requires the making of certain choices relative to the breadth of the discussion. It is well known that the Rubber Industry has many facets. These involve not only the conversion of the natural and synthetic polymers into usable articles, but the manufacture of chemicals, plastics, and numerous other materials. For this reason, this review is restricted to the manufacture of the commonly used synthetic polymers and to the operations incident to the conversion of these polymers and the natural polymer into marketable products. Why should there be a concern with respect to the health problems of the Rubber Industry? (1) It is well known that many different chemicals are used, not only in the manufacture of polymers but in the conversion process. The industry is a huge consumer of chemicals, and these run the gamut of highly hazardous to inocuous. Proper environmental controls must be applied in order to handle them safely. (2) An increased emphasis by governmental agencies for a safe working environment has also been an important factor. (3) And, finally, our society as a whole shows an increasing concern with respect to all environmental factors affecting life and property. Industrial hygienists use a basic guiding principle for all environmental health hazard control: all materials are toxic to some degree, including such common essentials as water and oxygen. The problem is to determine the level or quantity at which a specific material is harmful or produces an adverse effect. The question is always, therefore, not whether a material is toxic; rather, is it hazardous (too much). It would be impossible for most industrial operations to occur if we had to have zero exposure of personnel to materials. The definition of the hazardous amount is frequently very difficult and time consuming, and involves skills of several disciplines, including those of toxicology and medicine. It requires the study of animals under controlled insult conditions and the ongoing observations of humans during their working lifetime.

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Kinetic modelling of total petroleum hydrocarbon in spent lubricating petroleum oil impacted soil under different treatments

Environmental Technology ◽

10.1080/09593330.2018.1498543 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 339-348 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Amechi S. Nwankwegu ◽

Yiping Li ◽

Long Jiang ◽

Qiuying Lai ◽

Weng Shenglin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽

Kinetic Modelling ◽

Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽

Petroleum Oil

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About Environmentally Safe Technology of Recycling Polymer Materials and Rubber-containing Wastes by Detonation of Pyrolysis Thereof

Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems ◽

10.5373/jardcs/v12sp7/20202197 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (SP7) ◽

pp. 1013-1020

Author(s):

Teterina I.V

Keyword(s):

Polymer Materials ◽

Safe Technology ◽

Environmentally Safe

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ULTRASONIC TREATMENT WHEAT STRAW IN THE ENVIRONMENT 1-BUTYL-3-METHYLIMIDAZOLIUM CHLORIDE

chemistry of plant raw material ◽

10.14258/jcprm.2018012218 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 5-12

Author(s):

Сергей (Sergei) Николаевич (Nikolaevich) Евстафьев (Evstaf'ev) ◽

Куанг Кыонг (Kuang Kyong) Хоанг (Khoang)

Keyword(s):

Wheat Straw ◽

Ultrasonic Treatment ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Total Yield ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Actual Problem ◽

Safe Technology ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

Degree Of Purification

The development of environmentally safe technology for processing lignocellulosic raw materials with the separation of polysaccharide and lignin fractions for subsequent use is an actual problem, a solution of which is possible when using ionic liquids as a solvent. To intensify the processing process, the possibility of using ultrasonic irradiation in the environment of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride was studied. The results of the research of the influence of ultrasound power, temperature and processing time on the yield of fractions and the degree of purification of cellulose from impurities of hemicellulose and lignin are presented. It has been established that the use of ultrasound with a power of 10-50 W at processing of wheat straw in the environment of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride promotes an increase in the degree of purification of cellulose from impurities, primarily hemicellulose, and a decrease in treatment time. The maximum degree of purification of cellulose was 68.1% and was received by irradiating with ultrasound 50 W at 140 °C within 15 min. It is shown that ultrasonic treatment of wheat straw in the environment of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride provides an increase in the total yield of sugars of fermentolysis of polysaccharides of wheat straw by 4-5 times. The total yield of sugars of fermentolysis of the fractions of polysaccharides isolated in the experimental conditions was 83% of the theoretically possible.

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ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGY FOR STORAGE OF LIQUID WASTES OF MULTI-TONNEL PRODUCTION

Petroleum Engineering ◽

10.17122/ngdelo-2019-3-62-67 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 62

Author(s):

A.F. Arjanov ◽

Yu.S. Kuznetsov ◽

A.R. Khafizov ◽

B.Yu. Chaplia ◽

A.P. Shulgina

Keyword(s):

Safe Technology ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

Liquid Wastes

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THE MAJOR FACTORS DEFINING FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE TECHNOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL SOLUTIONS FOR CUTS OF COMPANY "VOSTSIBUGOL"

MINING INFORMATIONAL AND ANALYTICAL BULLETIN ◽

10.25018/0236-1493-2017-12-38-7-12 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (38) ◽

pp. 7-12

Author(s):

I.M. Shchadov ◽

◽

M.I. Shestakova ◽

Keyword(s):

Safe Technology ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

Major Factors

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Are There Potentially Significant Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Fine Airborne Particulate Matter PM10 to Personnel on the United Kingdom's Offshore Drilling Rigs?

10.2118/205457-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samuel Thomas Grainger

Keyword(s):

Health Hazard ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Drilling Mud ◽

Steam Generation ◽

Chemical Additives ◽

Oil Mist ◽

Petroleum Wells ◽

Drilling Rigs ◽

The Uk

Abstract Drilling mud is a slurry comprising oil, water, and chemical additives. Mud is critical to drilling a modern well as it is circulated down a wellbore to remove rock cuttings and to power the drill bit. A significant volume of this drilling mud is used and later recirculated. The drilling mud warms at depth, creating steam, which holds suspended PM and dissolved chemicals. Many of the pieces of equipment are open or only partially enclosed, allowing for steam generation, while other processes generate aerosolised sprays. There is a significant potential for petroleum workers to become exposed and potentially suffer health effects because of drilling mud exposure. This study aims to find the major sources of PM10 on petroleum wells and quantify the levels of exposure and health hazard associated with drilling mud on petroleum rigs. A literature search was performed, which included all available materials which contained static or mobile concentrations of PM10 or oil mist within the UK or international petroleum drilling sites with a preference for North Sea operations. The study predicts the total PM10 by estimating the combined impact of both solid PM and oil mist. Using this conversion, it is also possible to estimate PM10 concentrations when using water-based muds. The work designates and discusses the expected health ramifications of excess exposure. A quantitative assessment of the risk of silicosis 15 years post-exposure is also calculated, predicting dire consequences to petroleum personnel in the long term. The exposure assessment methods, hygienic standards, and preventive measures are also addressed briefly.

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