scholarly journals Trade-economic cooperation of Ukraine and China within COVID-19 Pandemic and in post-pandemic time

2021 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 01031
Author(s):  
Olha Yatsenko ◽  
Tetiana Tsygankova ◽  
Iryna Horbachova ◽  
Oksana Aksyonova ◽  
Valeriia Osadchuk
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
The World ◽  
Export Volume ◽  
Mutual Relations

Modern trends of trade-economic relations of the countries within the COVID-19 pandemic have been systemized in the development of mutual relations in particular economy sectors have been identified. Direct connection between the increase of export volume to China and Ukraine GDP growth has been established in the study based on the correlation-regression analysis. Weaknesses and strengths as well as opportunities and threats of mutual relations within the pandemic have been defined. The influence of the world crisis, creating a free trade area, and other factors on foreign trade circulation between Ukraine and China have been studied with the tools of empirical gravity model of international trade. Foreign trade circulation up until 2022 with and without creating a Free Trade Area has been forecast based on the modelled data. Perspective directions of trade-economic relations have been defined; the strategy of extending the trade-economic integration of Ukraine and China within the COVID-19 pandemic and in post-pandemic time within customs tariffs liberalization, intensification of symmetric interdependence and complementarity between the countries, within creating a free trade area, diversifying trade turnovers, overcoming the pandemic, reduction of crisis consequences, and strengthening cooperation in new industries of post-pandemic time has been grounded.

scholarly journals Trade in Services in the African Continental Free Trade Area: Prospects, Challenges and WTO Compatibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-95
Author(s):  
Regis Y Simo
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The World

ABSTRACT This article engages with the recently adopted agreement for the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) in the area of services. While services trade had heretofore stood at the queue of African trade pacts, the AfCFTA breaks new grounds by negotiating goods and services concurrently, signalling a paradigm shift and a commitment to a deeper integration of the continent. Upon Members’ implementation of the Protocol on Trade in Services, whose aim is to establish a single market in services, the region will be the largest economic integration agreement ever concluded since the birth of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper sets out to analyse the provisions of the Protocol and how they contribute to achieving the objective of attaining a single market where services (alongside goods, people and capital) move unrestricted.

scholarly journals Sang Naga Membelit Asean: Kebijakan Ekonomi China Pasca Diterima sebagai Anggota WTO

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirta M. Mursitama ◽  
Haura E. Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The World ◽  
Investment Agreement ◽  
Reform And Opening Up ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Southeast Asian Countries

Since its accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO), China has been playing its greater role as a new giant economy more actively in international trade and has succeeded in strengthening its economic relations with its neighboring countries including Southeast Asian countries, which are the members of ASEAN. This paper particularly discusses China's economic policies in ASEAN after China gained its membership in the WTO. We focuses mainly on the agreement on trade in goods under the scheme of ASEAN China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) and the investment agreement between China and ASEAN that affects its economic relations with ASEAN. We argue that China's economic policies in ASEAN as concrete and systematic implementation of "reform and opening up " policies initiated more than 30 years ago. Strategically, it has played one of the major and most important roles in strengthening its economic relations with ASEAN and that the state's role is the key to the success of China's economic policies in ASEAN.

Integration Potential of Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
E. Arapova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Asian Regionalism

During the 2014 APEC summit the participating countries agreed to move towards a region-wide economic integration and approved China-backed roadmap to promote the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP). The paper examines prospects for economic integration in the Asia-Pacific in the framework of 21 APEC participating members. It aims to measure the “integration potential” of the FTAAP on the basis of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the actual statistic data, to explore key obstacles hampering economic integration in the region. The research comes from the theory of convergence and concept of proximity. They suppose that the higher is the degree of homogeneity in economic development and regulatory regimes of the integrating countries the higher is their “integration potential”. The objective of the author’s analysis is to measure the “integration potential” of APEC countries in four directions: trade liberalization, free movement of investments, monetary and banking integration, free division of labor. Initial estimates of the FTAAP prospects base on the merchandize trade complementarity indices and coefficients of variation analysis. Besides, the research uses hierarchical cluster analysis that helps to classify countries in different groups according to similarity of their economic typologies. This methodology allows to reveal the favorable algorithm of regional economic integration in the framework of the “hybrid approach” (or “open regionalism” adopted for APEC countries in 1989) which encourages the countries to enter into free trade agreements on a bilateral basis or to make offers to the APEC membership as a whole. Final conclusions are based on the results of authors’ calculations with consideration for contemporary trends of the member countries’ economic development and long-term strategies of economic growth. Acknowledgements. The research was supported by the Russian Fund for Humanities, project no. 15-07-00026 “East Asian regionalism in the context of diversifi cation of economic growth model”.

Cross-Cumulation Arrangement as FTA Under GATT Article XXIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-185
Author(s):  
Jong Bum Kim
Keyword(s):  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Rules Of Origin ◽  
Free Trade Areas ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The World

ABSTRACT A cross-cumulation arrangement helps manufacturers meet the demands of the global value chain economy by facilitating the sourcing of intermediate products within the territories of participants in the arrangement. It is a de facto free-trade area formed by a network of bilateral free-trade areas underpinning the arrangement. However, a cross-cumulation clause provided in a bilateral free-trade area that underpins a cross-cumulation arrangement is inconsistent with General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Articles I and III because the intermediate products from the participants in the arrangement are more favorably treated than products from non-participants in the arrangement. The GATT inconsistencies of a cross-cumulation clause cannot be justified by the GATT Article XXIV exception, because a cross-cumulation clause of a bilateral free-trade area derogates from the free-trade area’s aim by facilitating trade in intermediate products between the free-trade area parties and non-parties to the free-trade area that are participants in the arrangement. In contrast, a cumulation clause provided in a free-trade area contributes to the free-trade area’s aim by facilitating trade in intermediate products between the parties to the free-trade area. To bring a cross-cumulation arrangement such as the Regional Convention on Pan-Euro-Med Preferential Rules of Origin into conformity with World Trade Organization law, the arrangement and its underlying free-trade areas should be recognized as a de jure free-trade area under GATT Article XXIV and notified to the World Trade Organization as such. A large cross-cumulation arrangement as a mega-free-trade area is likely to contribute to the world trading system by harmonizing divergent free-trade area rules of origin and providing an efficient mechanism for the formation of a mega-free-trade area.

Advancing Regional Integration in Africa through the Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
African Union ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

AbstractThe past decade and a half of the new millennium has ushered in dramatic changes to the architecture of world trade creating both opportunities and challenges for Africa’s development. The paper is critical of the recent paper of the World Bank that resuscitates the approach to trade liberalization and regional integration propagated by the Washington Consensus. The paper argues that African countries should adopt a “development integration” approach to regional integration that seeks to combine trade liberalization, industrial development and infrastructure development. The paper urges the World Bank and Africa’s trading partners from the north and south, such as the EU, the US and China, to work closely with the African Union to advance the negotiations and implementation of the Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) and the African Union Agenda 2063.

The free trade area of the EAEU-Vietnam: preliminary analysis of effects of trade integration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Эдуард Джагитян ◽  
Eduard Dzhagityan ◽  
Виктория Перская ◽  
Viktoriya Pyerskaya ◽  
Николай Ревенко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Socialist Republic ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Government

In the collective monograph, written by the authors of the Financial University under the government of the Russian Federation and Banking Academy of Vietnam identified key problematice economic ties of the EEU member States and SVR. It States that the Agreement on free trade between the member States of the Eurasian economic Union and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam even for a short period of operation has allowed to deepen cooperation in almost all areas which are the subject of the interaction. A comparative assessment of different types of free trade agreements was made. The problems preventing the intensification of interaction between the EAEU countries and Vietnam in the areas of trade, foreign direct investment, intellectual property, tourism and regulation of migration flows are identified, the legal analysis of the articles of the Agreement is carried out. The efficiency of the EAEU-Vietnam free trade zone is estimated using the gravity model.The main recommendations on strengthening the interstate partnership within the framework of the current Agreement are formulated. For managers and specialists in foreign economic activity, researchers, postgraduates, students studying international economic relations.

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