scholarly journals Improving the manufacturability of floor slabs by pre-installing elements that partially replace reinforced concrete and formwork

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 09019
Author(s):  
Seyran Akimov ◽  
Olga Balakchina ◽  
Elvira Akimova ◽  
Vladimir Malahov ◽  
Vasilij Shalenny

The article discusses well-known and perspective constructive and technological systems for the installation of monolithic and precast-monolithic floor slabs of civil and industrial buildings. It shows examples and expediency of using all kinds of inserts made of plastic and other light materials and products for replacing a part of heavy monolithic reinforced concrete. An original resource-saving method for the installation of precast-monolithic floor slabs with a simultaneous increase in the degree of their construction readiness is proposed. This effect is achieved by reducing their own weight and the use of permanent formwork. Reduction in own weight of the precast-monolithic floor slab is ensured by the use of volumetric lightweight trapezoidal or rectangular inserts, preferably made of expanded polystyrene, during its installation. The use of permanent formwork will eliminate the need for the subsequent performance of labor-intensive finishing and insulation works. To confirm the effectiveness of using the proposed method of precast-monolithic floor slab installation, the operation of two floor slabs was modeled in the LIRA SAPR computing complex - the proposed reinforced concrete innovative slab and a solid reinforced concrete slab. Having analyzed the calculated forces, deformations and the corresponding consumption of reinforcement and concrete, comparative indicators were obtained for the proposed innovative slab and for a typical solid floor slab. As a result, significant savings in material and cost have been proven.

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Torben Valdbjorn Rasmussen

A new principle for radon protection is currently presented which makes use of a system of horizontal pressurised air ducts located within the lower part of the rigid insulation layer of the ground-floor slab. The function of this system is based on the principles of pressure reduction within the zone below the ground-floor construction. For this purpose a new system of prefabricated lightweight elements is introduced. The effectiveness of the system is demonstrated for the case of a ground-floor reinforced concrete slab situated on top of a rigid insulation layer (consisting of a thermal insulation layer located on top of a capillary-breaking layer) mounted in turn on stable ground. The new system of prefabricated lightweight elements consists of the capillary-breaking layer and a pressure-reduction zone which is working as the radonsuction zone. The radon-suctioning layer is formed from a grid of horizontal air ducts with low pressure which are able to remove air and radon from the ground. Results showed the system to be effective in preventing radon infiltrating from the ground through the ground-floor slab, avoiding high concentrations of radon being accumulated inside houses. For the system to be effective, the pressure within the ducts must be lower than the pressure inside the house. The new principle was shown to be effective in preventing radon from polluting the indoor air by introducing low pressure in the horizontal grid of air ducts. A lower pressure than the pressure inside the building must be established. The prefabricated lightweight elements were integrated into the insulation layer below the material of the ground-floor slab. The element and the insulation material were made of expanded polystyrene. The new element can be handled by one man on site.


Author(s):  
V. Derkach

The results of numerical studies of the degree of pinching of hollow-core precast slabs in the stone walls in the environment of the computing system ANSYS are presented. The numerical calculation of the junction of the floor slab joints with the bearing wall was carried out by the finite element method taking into account the contact interaction of the floor slabs with masonry. The theoretical values of the pinch point degree coefficient are compared with the results of physical studies of a fragment of reinforced concrete slab of prestressed multi-core hollow-core forged slabs with platform joints. The difference between the theoretical and experimental values of the degree of pinching did not exceed 12.5. Based on the numerical calculation, the dependences of the coefficient of the degree of pinching from the elastic modulus of the masonry guests and the magnitude of the compression stresses of the load-bearing walls, using which you can calculate the value of the reference bending moments arising in the floor slabs are obtained. It is shown that the coefficient of the degree of pinching K non-linearly increases with an increase in the elastic modulus of masonry bearing walls. In this case, the greatest influence on the values of K has a change in the modulus of elasticity in the range of 1200-6000 MPa. In the case of supporting the slabs on the walls, made of aerated concrete blocks through a monolithic reinforced concrete belt, the value of the coefficient K increases 1.5 times. It has been established that the degree of pinching depends nonlinearly on the level of compressive stresses at the contact of the plate with the wall. At high levels of compression equal to 1-2 MPa, which are characteristic of the walls of the lower floors of multi-storey buildings, the value of the degree of pinching is in the range of 0.65-0.81.Приведены результаты численных исследований коэффициента степени защемления многопустотных железобетонных плит в каменных стенах в среде вычислительного комплекса ANSYS . Численный расчет узла сопряжения плит перекрытия с несущей стеной выполнялся методом конечных элементов с учетом контактного взаимодействия плит перекрытия с каменной кладкой. Выполнено сопоставление теоретических значений коэффициента степени защемления с результатами физических исследований фрагмента железобетонного перекрытия из предварительно напряженных многопустотных плит безопалубочного формования с платформенными стыками. Разница теоретических и экспериментальных значений коэффициента степени защемления не превысила 12,5 . На основании численного расчета получены зависимости значений коэффициента степени защемления от модуля упругости каменной кладки и величины напряжений обжатия несущих стен, с помощью которых можно рассчитать величину опорных изгибающих моментов, возникающих в плитах перекрытия. Показано, что коэффициент степени защемления К нелинейно возрастает с увеличением модуля упругости каменной кладки несущих стен. При этом наибольшее влияние на значения К оказывает изменение модуля упругости в диапазоне 12006000 МПа. В случае опирания плит перекрытия на стены, выполненные из ячеистобетонных блоков, через монолитный железобетонный пояс значение коэффициента К возрастает в 1,5 раза. Установлено, что коэффициент степени защемления нелинейно зависит от уровня сжимающих напряжений по контакту плиты со стеной. При высоких уровнях обжатия, равных 12 МПа, которые характерны для стен нижних этажей многоэтажных зданий, значение коэффициента степени защемления находится в диапазоне 0,650,81.


Author(s):  
Ralph Alan Dusseau

The results of a study funded by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program are presented. The first objective of this study was the development of a database for all 211 highway bridges along I-55 in the New Madrid region of southeastern Missouri. Profiles for five key dimension parameters (which are stored in the database) were developed, and the results for concrete highway bridges are presented. The second objective was to perform field ambient vibration analyses on 25 typical highway bridge spans along the I-55 corridor to determine the fundamental vertical and lateral frequencies of the bridge spans measured. These 25 spans included six reinforced concrete slab spans and two reinforced concrete box-girder spans. The third objective was to use these bridge frequency results in conjunction with the dimension parameters stored in the database to develop empirical formulas for estimating bridge fundamental natural frequencies. These formulas were applied to all 211 Interstate highway bridges in southeastern Missouri. Profiles for both fundamental vertical and lateral frequencies were then developed, and the results for concrete highway bridges are presented.


1985 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Atkinson ◽  
D. J. Goult ◽  
J. A. Hearne

AbstractA preliminary assessment of the long-term durability of concrete in a repository sited in clay is presented. The assessment is based on recorded experience of concrete structures and both field and laboratory studies. It is also supported by results of the examination of a concrete sample which had been buried in clay for 43 years.The enoineering lifetime of a 1 m thick reinforced concrete slab, with one face in contact with clay, and the way in which pH in the repository as a whole is likely to vary with time have both been estimated from available data. The estimates indicate that engineering lifetimes of about 103 years are expected (providing that sulphate resisting cement is used) and that pH is likely to remain above 10.5 for about 106 years.


2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Tej ◽  
Vítězslav Vacek ◽  
Jiří Kolísko ◽  
Jindřich Čech

The paper focuses on a computer nonlinear analysis of the formation and development of cracks in a concrete slab exposed to a uniform continuous load on the lower surface. The analysis is based on an actual example of the formation and development of cracks in a basement slab exposed to ground water buoyancy.


1999 ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Shigenori YUYAMA ◽  
Zhang-Wang LI ◽  
Takeshi TOMOKIYO ◽  
Masaru YOSHIZAWA ◽  
Taketo UOMOTO

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