scholarly journals Polymorphism of CAST gene in five sheep breeds in Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 02026
Author(s):  
Ivona Dimitrova ◽  
Milena Bozhilova-Sakova ◽  
Atanaska Teneva ◽  
Tanya Ivanova ◽  
Ina Stoycheva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Heterozygous Genotype ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Candidate Marker ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Cast Gene

CAST gene is a candidate marker that influences the intensity of growth and meat quality. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of CAST gene in five Bulgarian sheep breeds – two merino, two local and one for milk. A total of 150 ewes, belonging to these breeds were investigated for polymorphisms of CAST gene by using PCR-RFLP method. A 622 bp fragment of Ovis aries CAST gene was amplified using PCR. After restriction with endonuclease MspI two alleles were observed in Ascanian, Caucasian, Breznik and Pleven Blackhead breeds. One allele (M) and one genotype (MM) were detected in Cooper-Red Shumen breed. The highest frequency of the allele N was established in the Ascanian merino breed (0.27) followed by Caucasian merino (0.13), Breznik (0.12) and Pleven Blackhead (0.07). Two genotypes - MM and MN, were observed in Caucasian, Breznik and Pleven Blackhead breeds. The three possible genotypes were found only in Ascanian merino ewes - MM, MN and NN. The lowest frequency of the homozygous genotype MM (0.50) and the highest frequency of the heterozygous genotype MN was established in the Ascanian merino breed (0.47). The obtained results confirm that the PCR-RFLP method can be used to identify different genotypic variation of CAST gene in Bulgarian sheep breeds. The established genetic diversity in the calpastatin gene indicates that, after further associative studies, this gene may be included in the breeding programs of certain sheep breeds.

Genetic polymorphism in fecundity gene (FecG) among Indiansheep breeds Balangir, Shahabadi and Bonpala

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jowel Debnath ◽  
Ran Vir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Gdf9 Gene

FecG (GDF9) is a member of the transforming growth factor-b (TGF- b) superfamily, have been shown to be essential for follicular growth and ovulation. Different mutations in FecG gene caused increased ovulation and infertility in sheep. The present study was designed for screening polymorphism of FecG gene in 250 selected ewes from different sheep flocks representing Balangir (100), Shahabadi (100) and Bonpala (50) by employing forced PCR-RFLP technique. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of Balangir, Shahabadi and Bonpala matured ewes with average litter size varying from 1.00± 0.00 to 1.14±0.02 at different parities. Digestion of FecG (GDF9) gene with DdeI restriction enzyme resulted into FecGHH homozygous genotype. In all three sheep breeds, genotypic frequencies of FecGHH were 100% and gene frequency of H allele was unity. This indicates that the FecG gene is fixed in the Balangir, Shahabadi and Bonpala population in the natural habitat. Litter size of Balangir and Bonpala sheep breeds were single but in Shahabadi sheep twin was recorded. In present study all the animals of three breeds were homozygous for FecG and there was no infertility observed in above mentioned breeds in field condition and organized farm, which is not in consonance with previous report. The observed effects could be caused by linkage disequilibrium with other nearby loci. The study revealed that FecG gene is not a reliable genetic marker for selection of high prolificacy in sheep.

scholarly journals Genetic Polymorphism of Calpastatin (CAST) Gene in Pasundan Cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slamet Diah Volkandari ◽  
Aina Nadila ◽  
Nani Radiastuti ◽  
Endang Tri Margawati
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Variant Alleles ◽  
Cast Gene

The aim of this study was to determine genetic diversity of Calpastatin gene (CAST) in Pasundan cattle. Forty-four fresh blood samples were collected from UPTD BPPT Beef Cattle Ciamis West Java. Genomic DNA samples were extracted using High Salt method. A 523 bp fragment of Calpastatin gene was successfully amplified using PCR method. Genotyping of CAST gene was conducted by PCR-RFLP method using RsaI restriction enzyme (GT^AC). Genotypes and alleles were analyzed using software Cervus 3.0.7. Parameters were observed i.e genotypes and alleles frequencies, heterozygosity observed (Ho) and expected (He), Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC). Result showed that three variant genotypes of GG, GC and CC were found and two variant alleles of G and C. Allele G was found higher (0.77) than allele C (0.23). Population of Pasundan cattle was found polymorphism and in the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) value showed in a moderate (0.290) condition. Values of Heterozygosity observed and expected were 0.409 and 0.355 respectively. This research concludes that there is polymorphism of CAST gene in Pasundan cattle population and has genetic diversity. This result could be used as early genetic information in exploration of Pasundan cattle.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity in main local sheep breeds from Romania using microsatellite markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Dudu ◽  
Gina-Oana Popa ◽  
Elena Ghiță ◽  
Rodica Pelmuș ◽  
Cristina Lazăr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Conservation Plans ◽  
High Degree

Abstract. The state of the local breeds of farm animals is increasingly precarious worldwide because of the aggressive introduction of breeds with improved economical traits. The preference of the breeders for local breeds is due to their higher adaptability to the particular climate and relief conditions of the mountain areas, to the high rate of assimilation of the feeds from these regions and to their increased resistance to diseases. This study analyzes the genetic variation of the main four local Romanian sheep breeds (Tsurcana, Tsigai, Ratska and Teleorman Blackhead) in terms of stock and economic importance, using 18 microsatellite markers. The mean number of alleles per locus was of 9.764. The values of genetic diversity parameters exhibited a high degree of polymorphism for the analyzed breeds, although inbreeding was highlighted particularly in Tsurcana and Tsigai. These breeds also showed an intense gene flow among them and were less differentiated in comparison with Ratska and Teleorman Blackhead. The results of this study may be useful for breeding programs and conservation plans since the genetic resources of the local breeds must be preserved so as to maintain an adequate level of biodiversity in animal husbandry.

scholarly journals How to better conserve with genetic data: origin and population structure of Brazilian locally adapted hair sheep (Ovis aries) breeds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago do Prado Paim ◽  
Samuel Rezende Paiva ◽  
Natália Martins de Toledo ◽  
Michel Beleza Yamaghishi ◽  
Paulo Luiz Souza Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
East African ◽  
Hair Sheep ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Fat Tail ◽  
Santa Inês

AbstractBrazilian hair sheep constitute a genetic diversity hotspot of sheep breeds. These locally adapted genetic resources developed in harsh environments of the Brazilian Northwest (semi-arid) and maintained important traits for this region, such as parasite resistance, heat tolerance and high pelt quality. Genotypes (50K SNP chip) from seven Brazilian sheep breeds (5 hair and 2 coarse wool types) and 87 worldwide breeds were used to verify population structure, admixture and genetic diversity, using PCA and ADMIXTURE analyses. We constructed a phylogenetic tree and evaluated migration events between genetic groups using TREEMIX software. Brazilian Somali, a fat-tailed breed, was the unique breed with high relationship with East African breeds and formed a distinct cluster from other Brazilian breeds. This breed seems to contribute to formation of Santa Inês, Morada Nova and Brazilian Fat-tail breeds. Brazilian Blackbelly had a clear relationship with Barbados Blackbelly, which appeared as another group. Other Brazilian breeds seem to form a further genetic group with some recent admixtures. Morada Nova remained as a separate group, not showing a strong relationship with European or African breeds, only revealing a migration event from Sidaoun, an Algerian hair breed. Brazilian Fat-tail and Morada Nova share a common ancestor, but the first received introgressions from Brazilian Somali and Afrikaner breeds, explaining the fat-tail phenotype. Santa Inês received strong contribution from Bergamasca and had an admixed origin with recent introgressions from other breeds, mainly from Suffolk animals. In conclusion, Brazilian Somali and Brazilian Fat-tail are the most endangered sheep genetic resources in Brazil.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity of Turkish and Algerian native sheep breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Abdelkader AMEUR AMEUR ◽  
Onur YILMAZ ◽  
Nezih ATA ◽  
Ibrahim CEMAL ◽  
Semir Bechir Suheil GAOUAR
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Genetic Management ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Native Sheep ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
High Level

In Algeria and Turkey, the sheep production systems are based on the under extensive rural conditions and their genetic management has led to increased homozygosity and hence productivity loss. The identification of inter-breed and intra-breed genetic diversity plays a key role in the shaping of conservation and breeding programs. The present study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of native sheep breeds reared in Turkey and Algeria. A total of 240 animals from four Algerian (Hamra, Ouled Djellal, Sidaou, and Tazegzawt) and four Turkish (White Karaman, South Karaman, Karacabey Merino, and Kıvırcık) native sheep breeds were genotyped with fourteen microsatellite markers recommended by FAO. A total of 340 alleles were detected from fourteen markers studied. All the eight breeds exhibited moderate to high levels of genetic diversity, with a slight superiority of the Algerian sheep breeds. Overall FIS value was low, but highly significant (p < 0.001). It may have been due to the high inbreeding within the population. The mean global coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) showed that approximately 94.0 % of the genetic variation was within-population. The highest number of private alleles with a frequency above 5 % was observed in Ouled Djellal sheep. Structure analysis of populations studied revealed the most appropriate K with four genetic clusters. As the result, the dendrogram showed that the Algerian sheep breeds were completely separated from the Turkish sheep breeds furthermore the Bayesian clustering revealed a high level of admixture, especially in Algerian sheep populations.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity of Turkish and Algerian native sheep breeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Abdelkader AMEUR AMEUR ◽  
Onur YILMAZ ◽  
Nezih ATA ◽  
Ibrahim CEMAL ◽  
Semir Bechir Suheil GAOUAR
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Genetic Management ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Native Sheep ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
High Level

In Algeria and Turkey, the sheep production systems are based on the under extensive rural conditions and their genetic management has led to increased homozygosity and hence productivity loss. The identification of inter-breed and intra-breed genetic diversity plays a key role in the shaping of conservation and breeding programs. The present study was conducted to investigate the genetic diversity of native sheep breeds reared in Turkey and Algeria. A total of 240 animals from four Algerian (Hamra, Ouled Djellal, Sidaou, and Tazegzawt) and four Turkish (White Karaman, South Karaman, Karacabey Merino, and Kıvırcık) native sheep breeds were genotyped with fourteen microsatellite markers recommended by FAO. A total of 340 alleles were detected from fourteen markers studied. All the eight breeds exhibited moderate to high levels of genetic diversity, with a slight superiority of the Algerian sheep breeds. Overall FIS value was low, but highly significant (p < 0.001). It may have been due to the high inbreeding within the population. The mean global coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) showed that approximately 94.0 % of the genetic variation was within-population. The highest number of private alleles with a frequency above 5 % was observed in Ouled Djellal sheep. Structure analysis of populations studied revealed the most appropriate K with four genetic clusters. As the result, the dendrogram showed that the Algerian sheep breeds were completely separated from the Turkish sheep breeds furthermore the Bayesian clustering revealed a high level of admixture, especially in Algerian sheep populations.

scholarly journals Genetic variation of CAST gene in Local Karnobat and Karnobat merino sheep breeds

2022 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Ivona Dimitrova ◽  
Milena Bozhilova-Sakova ◽  
Margarit Iliev ◽  
Atanaska Teneva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Heterozygous Individual ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Allele Variation ◽  
Southeastern Region ◽  
Cast Gene

Karnobat sheep plays an important role in the development of sheep breeding in Southeastern region of Bulgaria. They are valuable source of genetic material. The aim of present experiment was to determine the allele variation of CAST gene in Local Karnobat and Karnobat Merino sheep breeds. A total of 60 blood samples were collected – 30 per breed. DNA was extracted and genotypes of all animals were identified by means of PCR-RFLP technique. The restriction reactions were accomplished by specific enzyme MspI. As expected both breeds were characterized with low level of genetic diversity due to the fact that mostly maintaining selection has been implemented. In Local Karnobat sheep breed was identified only one heterozygous individual from all 30. In Karnobat merino were identified allele M with frequency 0,97 and allele N with frequency 0,03. Genotypes MM and MN were revealed with frequencies 0,93 and 0,07, respectively. According to the statistical analysis both breeds were in HWE equilibrium.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) accessions in a Thailand collection using SNP markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grimar Abdiel Perez ◽  
Pumipat Tongyoo ◽  
Julapark Chunwongse ◽  
Hans de Jong ◽  
Anucha Wongpraneekul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Fixation ◽  
Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Luffa Acutangula ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis study explored a germplasm collection consisting of 112 Luffa acutangula (ridge gourd) accessions, mainly from Thailand. A total of 2834 SNPs were used to establish population structure and underlying genetic diversity while exploring the fruit characteristics together with genetic information which would help in the selection of parental lines for a breeding program. The study found that the average polymorphism information content value of 0.288 which indicates a moderate genetic diversity for this L. acutangula germplasm. STRUCTURE analysis (ΔK at K = 6) allowed us to group the accessions into six subpopulations that corresponded well with the unrooted phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analyses. When plotted, the STRUCTURE bars to the area of collection, we observed an admixed genotype from surrounding accessions and a geneflow confirmed by the value of FST = 0.137. AMOVA based on STRUCTURE clustering showed a low 12.83% variation between subpopulations that correspond well with the negative inbreeding coefficient value (FIS =  − 0.092) and low total fixation index (FIT = 0.057). There were distinguishing fruit shapes and length characteristics in specific accessions for each subpopulation. The genetic diversity and different fruit shapes in the L. acutangula germplasm could benefit the ridge gourd breeding programs to meet the demands and needs of consumers, farmers, and vegetable exporters such as increasing the yield of fruit by the fruit width but not by the fruit length to solve the problem of fruit breakage during exportation.

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