scholarly journals Behaviour and distribution of heavy metals at the boundary of “water-bottom sediments” in mouth zones of rivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Anna Mikhailenko ◽  
Irina Dotsenko ◽  
Asya Ovsepyan ◽  
Alina Zimovets
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽  
Natural Man ◽  
Mouth Zone

The aquatic elementary landscapes of the Don and Northern Dvina Rivers mouth zones as arenas of mass transfer of heavy metals (HM) are studied. The results of long-term comprehensive studies of the authors, which included sampling of water and the upper layer of bottom sediments in order to determine the content of mercury, copper, methane, hydrogen sulfide, as well as pH and Eh values, are presented. According to the type of prevailing geochemical conditions and the level of anthropogenic impact, natural, man-made and natural-anthropogenic aquatic elementary landscapes are distinguished. The bottom water layers in both rivers were characterized by positive Eh values, but it should be noted that they were generally relatively low for surface watercourses. According to the values of the redox potential and the hydrogen index, the methane content and the total hydrogen sulfide, the presence of the following conditions is proved – oxygen, gley, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen-gley and gley-hydrogen sulfide. At the water - sediment interface, in most cases, there was a decrease in pH values by the first tenths of the values, while Eh usually decreased quite sharply, often to negative values. In terms of methane content, the bottom sediments of the aquatic elementary landscapes of the Don and Northern Dvina rivers were similar, while the concentration of total hydrogen sulfide was higher in the Don. It is shown that in the mouth zone of the Don and Northern Dvina rivers, in areas subject to constant organic pollution and eutrophication, there is an increase in the total content of mercury and copper in the bottom sediments. Higher concentrations of gross mercury will generally be found in natural and anthropogenic landscapes dominated by hydrogen sulfide and gley-hydrogen sulfide environments. The important role of microparticles of the polydisperse medium of bottom sediments in the deposition of copper and mercury is revealed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of bio stabilised waste on soil in terms of heavy metal accumulation and leaching

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Lombardi ◽  
Giulia Costa ◽  
Maria Chiara Di Lonardo ◽  
Alessio Lieto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Solid Matrix

This work evaluated and compared potential impacts related to the accumulation and/or release of heavy metals resulting from the application of different types of stabilized waste to soil. Namely, the following three types of flows were considered: waste produced by aerobic bio-stabilization of municipal solid waste at a Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) plant, and compost produced either from aerobic composting or from a combination of anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation processes. After a preliminary characterization of the materials (organic matter content, volatile solid, and heavy metals content), heavy metal accumulation in soil caused by possible long-term application of these organic materials was evaluated by implementing a discretized mass balance based on the total content of the heavy metals in each type of solid matrix investigated. In addition, results of percolation leaching tests performed on each type of material were presented and discussed. Results highlight that although the total content of heavy metals of the three types of materials differed considerably, with the MBT waste presenting the highest concentrations, the results of the leaching percolation tests were quite similar.

scholarly journals The use of chemical and instrumental methods in the study of the forms of occurrence of sulfides in bottom sediments

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Yury A. Fedorov ◽  
Dmitry N. Garkusha ◽  
Leonid Yu. Dmitrik ◽  
Boris V. Talpa ◽  
Anna V. Mikhailenko
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Diagenesis ◽  
Oily Sludge ◽  
Iron Sulfides ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
First Time

On the example of the estuary of the Mius River - the mouth of the Mius River, the Mius estuary, the Taganrog Bay of the Azov Sea, a complex of chemical and instrumental methods was applied, including those developed by the authors. This made it possible to study the physicochemical parameters, the content of total hydrogen sulphide, the form of occurrence of sulfides, the total content of iron and their behavior in the bottom sediments of early diagenesis. Bottom sediments were formed at negative Eh values. Sulfides in bottom sediments are mainly in the form of molecular hydrogen sulfide and acid-soluble iron sulfides. The content of total hydrogen sulfide varied within wide limits, reaching 3.2 mg/g of wet weight, and of gross iron - from 25.4 to 45.1 mg/g dry weight. A significant relationship was found between the content of sulfide sulfur and gross iron. The presence of hydrotroilite was identified by the typical smell of hydrogen sulfide, black color, oily sludge, lack of magnetic properties and by visual study of its formations using electron microscopy. Under a microscope, images of coacervates (colloidal accumulations) of hydrotroilite of a round-ellipsoidal shape (lenticular), from gray to black, mercury-like, were obtained in a wet preparation. It was established for the first time that hydrotroilite exists in the natural environment as a gel-like substance capable of moving in the bottom of sediments. Upon collision, small formations coalesced into larger globules. The important role of hydrotroilite as a mercury accumulator in the early diagenesis of bottom sediments is shown.

scholarly journals The long-term dynamics of the sea bottom sediments pollution of the Kruglaya Bay (Black Sea)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
E. A. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Oil Hydrocarbons

The relevance of the Kruglaya Bay’s pollution research is specified due to adverse situation in its water areas during the seasons with increased anthropogenic pressure and environmental conditions favorable for the activation of biological growth. This is especially true for the organic pollution, originating both from emergency sources, and from the metabolites of the organisms. Sea bottom sediments are the final destination of the migration and deposition of these substances, analysis of which gives the opportunity to present a stable picture of the contamination. Therefore, the aim of the work was to evaluate the long-term changes in the state of the sea bottom sediments of the bay. The material for the study is based on the samples of sea bottom sediments, collected in the Kruglaya Bay by Petersen bottom sampler. The total amount of chloroform-extractable substances was determined by gravimetric method in properly prepared air-dried samples, while the amount of oil hydrocarbons was determined by infrared spectrometry. The analysis of long-term dynamics of the sea bottom sediments pollution in the Kruglaya Bay in period of 2006–2012 was conducted. The results showed that pollution by the organic substances in the water area of the Kruglaya Bay was unevenly distributed and was confined to its sources: the central part of the bay is clean, while the level of pollution of its highest peaks reaches the degree of contamination of the IV level. There is an intense accumulation of pollutants at st. 01, as evidenced by the results of concentrations chloroform-extractable substances (at this st. – 900 mg·100g−1, while the littoral deposits near the station contained 620 mg·100g−1). Thus, the common concentration of chloroform-extractable substances is decreased for the entire study period, with the exception of st. 02, but the proportion of oil hydrocarbons is higher at the whole water area of the Kruglaya Bay’s top.

scholarly journals Content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the wastewater of the processing enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Olga Kovaleva ◽  
Natalia Sannikova ◽  
Oleg Ilyasov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Sampling Depth ◽  
Milk Processing ◽  
Separate Fragment ◽  
Processing Enterprise ◽  
Increasing Load

Wastewater contains stable and unstable pollutants. In the process of self-cleaning, a large amount of bottom sediments accumulates, especially in artificially created storage ponds. As a result of the increasing load on this type of water bodies and the accumulation of bottom sediments, the self-purification ability is sharply reduced, which entails an additional load on the environment. The use of bottom sediments for biological reclamation is allowed after the establishment of the hazard class in accordance with the current regulatory documents and taking measures to neutralize them. The purpose of this separate fragment of work was to study the total content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of storage ponds of a milk processing enterprise and determine the possibility of their further use. As a result of the data obtained, it can be concluded that the lead content was 14.6-17.3 mg/kg, depending on the depth of the bottom sediment sampling layer. At a sampling depth of 0.5-1.0 meters, the lead content was maximum and exceeded the clarke values of the element by 8.1%. There is a 2 time excess of the clarke values for cadmium at a depth of 1.0-1.5 meters. Indicators for zinc and copper were 12.4-14.1 mg/kg and 5.9-9.8 mg/kg, respectively, and did not go beyond the threshold limits of the compared values. The research results allow concluding that the bottom sediments of the storage ponds of the milk processing enterprise are not toxic. Therefore, they can be used in the composition of soil.

scholarly journals Heavy metals and the "Chernobyl trace" in the bottom sediments of the internal reservoir: The Gulf of Kaliningrad

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-217
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Bogdanov ◽  
Oleg V. Bass ◽  
Olga A. Savostina ◽  
Boris V. Yermolayev ◽  
Sergey M. Lyapounov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Closed Area ◽  
Safe Limit ◽  
Kaliningrad Region

Introduction. The article contains the results of a study of environmental hazards and threats to public health from the accumulation of heavy metals (HM) and the activity of man-made and natural radionuclides (NRN) in the bottom sediments of the inner reservoir r - the Kaliningrad Bay at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries (1986-2019). The Consumption of polluted resources (seafood, bottom sediments as fertilizers, and mineral raw materials) can negatively affect residents’ health of not only this region. The problems are considered: 1) the mechanism and intensity of the long-term accumulation of Hg and other HMs, 2) the activity of the 137Cs isotope (“Chernobyl trace”) and NRN in comparison with the radiation state of the beach Sands in Latvia, 3) the biomedical threats from the factors considered. Results. The water’s closed area led to the role of the bay as a giant trap of sedimentary material and pollutants. Hg in the water reached dangerous concentrations of 0.15-0.6 mcg/l (MPC = 0.5 mcg/l). The accumulation of Hg in the bottom sediments of the Gulf estuary and Primorskaya Bay has reached a low level of pollution over 20 years (Norwegian criteria: from 50-90 to 155-252 mcg/kg) and has approached the safe limit - the target level (300 mcg/kg - the national, regional standard and Dutch lists of the pollutants). The Hg content also increased in the background (from 23 to 82 mcg/kg). The most dangerous foci of sanitary and toxicological hazard (Zc-t index (AgPbCoW) >6, up to 13) coincide with the borders of dangerous accumulation of the sum of HM (Zc(MnCrVNiCoAgZnPbSnW) >34, up to 61) and Hg (>100-150 mcg/kg). The initial activity of 137Cs in the Baltics decreased, Bq/kg: from 110 (beaches of Latvia) to 104 and 99 (bottom sediments; coasts of Lithuania, Kaliningrad region, and Poland). The specific activity of NRN in the bottom sediments of the Gulf (510-572 Bq/kg) is below the safe level (740 Bq/kg); handling them has no restrictions. Conclusions. An increase in the amount of Hg causes the danger. The trend requires research and monitoring, including Hg in seafood and biomonitoring.

Content of the Heavy Metals in Water and Bottom Sediments of the Ingulets River

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Malakhov ◽  
A. O. Bobko ◽  
T. M. Aliokhina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Bottom Sediments

INFLUENCE OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE SEREPOK RIVER (VIETNAM) ON ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN ORGANS OF FISH

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Ngo The Cuong ◽  
Tran Hoan Quoc ◽  
Svetlana Vasilievna Zolotokopova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
River Water ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Regions ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Sarotherodon Galilaeus ◽  
Water Bottom

The article focuses on the study of change of containing heavy metals (zinc, copper, iron, cadmium, lead, arsenic) in the abiotic and biotic components of the Serepok river (Vietman) influenced by wastewater discharge from industrial areas. Heavy metal content was determined in the river water and bottom sediments in the four zones: above and within the boundaries of industrial regions Xoa Phu and Tam Thang and in two water reservoirs situated below the boundaries of those industrial areas. Tilapia Galilean ( Sarotherodon galilaeus ), Hemibagrus ( Hemibagrus ), and sazan ( Cyprinus carpio ) caught in these areas were the hydrobionts under study in which liver, gills, skeleton and muscles accumulation of heavy metals was detected. In the organs of fish caught in the river within industrial region, heavy metals concentration was 3-7 times higher. The greatest concentration of heavy metals was found in the liver and gills of fish caught in the boundaries of industrial regions, the least concentration was in the muscles. In most cases, significant correlation between heavy metal concentration in organs of fishes and in river water, bottom sediments has been revealed.

PROBLEM OF HEAVY METAL SURFACE SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION IN THE EASTERN GULF OF FINLAND

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Derugina ◽  
N Derugina ◽  
А Grigoriev ◽  
A Grigoriev ◽  
Дарья Рябчук ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Sediment Contamination ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Slow Decline ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland ◽  
Neva Bay

This project defines the pre-industrial quantities of heavy metals in sediment sequences of the Late Holocene from the Eastern Gulf of Finland. A comparative analysis reveals differences and similarities in the current concentrations of heavy metals in bottom sediments and pre-industrial levels. It is found that the maximum concentrations of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Gulf of Finland and Neva Bay occurred in the period of 1950-1990. Since the 1990s, the trend has been a slow decline in the contamination levels; however, the concentrations of some heavy metals in bottom sediments remain high.

Long Term Monitoring of the Macrobenthos of the Upper Clyde Estuary

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (5-7) ◽  
pp. 359-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne R Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Pollution Loading ◽  
Faunal Density ◽  
History Of ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

The sublittoral macrobenthic invertebrate populations of the Upper Clyde Estuary are described. The estuary has a long history of organic pollution. The long term changes in species composition, faunal density and dominance patterns between 1974 and 1980 are presented. The fauna is dominated by brackish, pollution tolerant oligochaetes and polychaetes. Fluctuations in populations can be related to both seasonal variation in environmental conditions and long term improvements in water quality through a reduction in pollution loading to the estuary.

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