Understanding rice innovation needed for smallholder farmers in semi-arid area of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

Rice is grown in various environments across semi-arid areas of ENT province. This paper elaborates agricultural innovations delivered to the smallholder rice farmers and highlights their responses/adaptability. The research conducted in the state boundary of Indonesia-Timor Leste as part of AIAT-ENT program. The study showed that farmers having more access to rice innovation sources tend to adopt better and willing to purchase for external inputs. By adopting introduced rice innovations, co-operatives farmers in state boundaries were able to improve rice productivity from 1 – 2 ton/ha to 5 – 7.2 ton/ha. After 3 years of AIS implementation, almost all farmers have been continuously HYVs of rice. However, the sustainability of the innovation’s adoption has commonly disrupted by the availability of external inputs. Numerous rice-related innovations have been introduced; however, smallholder farmers were keen to adopt only limited ones that suitable with their specific environment and household circumstances. The study concluded that rice innovations delivered to improve rice productivity in semi-arid areas should be focus on specific target groups that suitable their environments and household’ circumstances. Rice-related innovations should be delivered in the broader context not merely to increase rice productivity, rather to improve smallholder semi-arid farmers’ resilience for food security.

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Livestock redistribute runoff and sediments in semi-arid rangeland areas

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-6-433-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 433-443 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

P. Sarah ◽

M. Zonana

Keyword(s):

Sediment Yield ◽

Overland Flow ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Mosaic Pattern ◽

Two Phase ◽

Surface Patches ◽

Sediment Deposits ◽

Three Phase ◽

Almost All ◽

Semi Arid

Abstract. Semi-arid areas where grazing is the main land use exhibit a "three-phase-mosaic" pattern of dominant surface patches: shrubs, trampling routes, and intershrub areas. This pattern differs from the "two-phase mosaic" seen in grazing-free semi-arid areas. The patches might create a positive feedback process in which enhanced infiltration beneath shrubs minimizes overland flow from under their canopies, thereby strengthening the sink–source mechanism by which overland flow generated between shrubs rapidly infiltrates into the soil beneath them, where it deposits soil particles, litter, nutrients and organic matter, thereby enhancing infiltration by changing the local microtopography, and improving soil properties. To analyze sink–source relationships among the patches in grazed areas in rangelands of the semi-arid northern Negev region of Israel, we constructed small runoff plots, 0.25–1.0 m2 in area, of five types: shrub (Sarcopoterium spinosum), intershrub, route, route–shrub combination, and intershrub–shrub combination. The shrubs always occupied the downslope part of the plot. Overland flow and sediment deposits were measured in all plots during 2007/8 and 2008/9. The combined plots yielded much less overland flow and sediments than intershrub, routes and shrub ones, indicating that the shrubs absorbed almost all the yields of the upper part of their plots. The shrubs generated less runoff and sediments than routes and intershrubs; runoff flows from the routes and intershrubs were similar; sediment yield was highest in the intershrubs. Thus, runoff yield exhibited a two-phase mosaic pattern, and sediment yield, i.e., soil erosion, a three-phase mosaic pattern.

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HOUSEHOLD SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING CHOICE OF AGRO-ADVISORY DISSEMINATION PATHWAYS IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF KENYA

10.31124/advance.12860432.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Debrah Onyango ◽

Hezron Mogaka ◽

Samuel Njiri Ndirangu ◽

Kwena Kizito

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Adaptive Capacity ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Socio Economic Factors

This work covers the dissemination of climate change adaptation information in arid and semi-arid regions of Kenya with the aim of improving the adaptive capacity of smallholder farmers through dissemination of well package technologies referred to as agro-advisories.

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Green–blue water system innovations for upgrading of smallholder farming systems – a policy framework for development

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2005.0241 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 121-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Hatibu ◽

J. Rockström

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Policy Framework ◽

Local Market ◽

Full Time ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Wealth Creation ◽

Smallholder Farming ◽

Rainfed Farming ◽

Semi Arid

Rainfed agriculture and other depletion of water by green flows have as yet an untapped potential for improving livelihoods in semi-arid areas through income and food security. A vivid evidence of this is seen in the fact that, although working full time on food production, majority of smallholder farmers are frequently affected by shortage of food or famines. At the same time enough examples exist to show that productivity of labor, water and land under rainfed farming can be doubled or even trebled through proper land management and improved agronomic inputs supported by modest investments to reduce impacts of dry spells. However, these shining examples remain small ‘islands of success’ across the entire semi-arid areas. Farmers have not adopted these systems due to poor ratio of benefit to costs brought about by inadequate development or complete lack of food trade among the rural areas. This paper argues that there is a need for policy, strategic and programmatic frameworks which facilitate integrated management of land, water and markets. For this kind of strategy to work, a local market for food should be ensured to absorb at competitive prices the surplus produced by farmers in years of good rains. This will promote wealth creation and asset building among the poor in semi-arid areas. A food-exchange “futures” mechanism based on the principle of virtual water trade is proposed as a basis for achieving this objective.

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HOUSEHOLD SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING CHOICE OF AGRO-ADVISORY DISSEMINATION PATHWAYS IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF KENYA

10.31124/advance.12860432 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Debrah Onyango ◽

Hezron Mogaka ◽

Samuel Njiri Ndirangu ◽

Kwena Kizito

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Adaptive Capacity ◽

Climate Change Adaptation ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Socio Economic Factors

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Smallholder grain postharvest management in a variable climate: practices and perceptions of smallholder farmers and their service-providers in semi-arid areas

Environment Development and Sustainability ◽

10.1007/s10668-020-01019-y ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tinashe Nyabako ◽

Brighton M. Mvumi ◽

Tanya Stathers ◽

Honest Machekano

Keyword(s):

Service Providers ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Postharvest Management ◽

Semi Arid

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Determinants of tillage frequency among smallholder farmers in two semi-arid areas in Ethiopia

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Parts A/B/C ◽

10.1016/j.pce.2007.04.012 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 (1-2) ◽

pp. 183-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Melesse Temesgen ◽

J. Rockstrom ◽

H.H.G. Savenije ◽

W.B. Hoogmoed ◽

Dawit Alemu

Keyword(s):

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Semi Arid

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Engaging smallholder farmers with seasonal climate forecasts for sustainable crop production in semi-arid areas of Zimbabwe

African Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5897/ajar2014.8509 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 668-676

Author(s):

Chagonda I. ◽

T. Mugabe F. ◽

Munodawafa A. ◽

P. Mubaya C. ◽

Masere P. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Seasonal Climate ◽

Sustainable Crop Production ◽

Climate Forecasts ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Seasonal Climate Forecasts

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Impact of Improved Rice Variety on Productivity Among Smallholder Farmers in Ghana

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v5i2.164-169.989 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 164

Author(s):

Edward Tsinigo ◽

Kwasi Ohene-Yankyerah ◽

Simon Cudjoe Fialor

Keyword(s):

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Neutral Type ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Agricultural Technologies ◽

Rice Productivity ◽

Rice Farmers ◽

Main Determinants ◽

The Impact ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Advancement in agricultural technologies is seen to result in the shift in production functions. The study was conducted to establish the impact of the improved rice variety on productivity in the Ejura-Sekyedumase and Atebubu-Amantin Municipalities of Ghana. The study was based on the survey of 208 rice farmers using a three-stage stratified sampling method. The study used a structured questionnaire to collect input-output data from the rice farmers. Data were analysed using the Cobb-Douglas production function. The study found that the technical change associated with the introduction of the improved rice variety was of the non-neutral type. Further, the adoption of the improved rice variety has increased rice productivity by about 46% for the adopters. The main determinants of productivity for the adopters were seed, land, fertiliser, herbicide, and education. Productivity among the non-adopters was positively influenced by seed, land, herbicide, and fertiliser. The study concluded that the improved rice variety has superior yield advantage. The study recommends for the simultaneous promotion of improved rice varieties and their recommended inputs to increase rice productivity.

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Livestock redistribute runoff and sediments in semi-arid rangeland areas

Solid Earth Discussions ◽

10.5194/sed-6-3197-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 3197-3226

Author(s):

P. Sarah ◽

M. Zonana

Keyword(s):

Sediment Yield ◽

Overland Flow ◽

Arid Areas ◽

Mosaic Pattern ◽

Two Phase ◽

Surface Patches ◽

Sediment Deposits ◽

Three Phase ◽

Almost All ◽

Semi Arid

Abstract. Semi-arid areas where grazing is the main land use exhibit a "three-phase-mosaic" pattern of dominant surface patches: shrubs, trampling routes, and intershrub areas. This pattern differs from the "two-phase mosaic" seen in grazing-free semi-arid areas. The patches might create a positive feedback process in which enhanced infiltration beneath shrubs minimizes overland flow from under their canopies, thereby strengthening the sink/source mechanism by which overland flow generated between shrubs rapidly infiltrates into the soil beneath them, where it deposits soil particles, litter, nutrients and organic matter, thereby enhancing infiltration by changing the local microtopography, and improving soil properties. To analyze sink/source relationships among the patches in grazed areas in rangelands of the semi-arid northern Negev region of Israel we constructed small runoff plots, 0.25–1.0 m2 in area, of five types: shrub (Sarcopoterium spinosum) (SH); intershrub (IS); and route (RU); route/shrub combination (RS); and intershrub/shrub combination (SI). The shrubs always occupied the downslope part of the plot. Overland flow and sediment deposits were measured in all plots during 2007/2008 and 2008/2009. The combined plots – SI and SR – yielded much less overland flow and sediments than IS, RU and SH, indicating that the shrubs absorbed almost all the yields of the upper part of their plots. The shrubs generated less runoff and sediments than routes and intershrubs; runoff flows from the routes and intershrubs were similar; sediment yield was highest in the intershrubs. Thus, runoff yield exhibited a two-phase mosaic pattern, and sediment yield, i.e., soil erosion, a three-phase mosaic pattern.

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