scholarly journals Evaluating the effectiveness of eco-driving courses based on car-GPS tracking data in the itinerary tracking device to reduce fuel consumption of vehicles in urban areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Van Manh Do ◽  
Thi Lan Huong Ho ◽  
Tuan Hai Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Vehicle Management ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Resource Shortage ◽  
Alternative Energies

According to the current issue of resource shortage, the reduction of fuel consumption or using alternative energies which has an environmentally friendly effect is the priority of governments in many countries. Besides, many studies mentioned that driver behaviors play an essential role to reduce fuel use and decrease vehicle exhaust emissions. On the other hand, the carGPS tracking data in itinerary monitoring equipment is typically using in navigation, positioning, and vehicle management. Thus, this study aims to analyze the correlation between driver behaviors and fuel consumption based on the velocity, acceleration, fuel sensors data collected from car-GPS trackers device in association with Geographic Information System (GIS) to find out the solution to evaluate the effectiveness of ecodriving courses as well as assess the usability of using car-GPS tracking data from the GPS tracking device to analyze and adjust driver behavior in urban areas to save energy and protect the urban environment

scholarly journals The chipping cost of wood raw material for fuel in Estonian conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Irdla ◽  
Allar Padari ◽  
Vahur Kurvits ◽  
Peeter Muiste
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Wood Fuels ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In Estonia up to now the producers of wood fuels have not yet adequately analysed the production and transport costs although it is known that the share of these costs form up to half of the final price of wood chips or hog fuel. With this in mind the goal of the case study was defined – to analyse the price formation of comminuted wood fuels in Estonian conditions. Within one year of the survey the initial data was collected from the company SLG Energy. Different types of machines (7 in total) were observed – wood chippers Jenz HEM 561, Jenz HEM 582, Heinola 910ES, and Doppstadt DH 608. All machines were equipped with a GPS tracking device which recorded the route and the fuel consumption and during the observation period all costs and revenues related to the concerned machines were accounted. It was determined that due to frequent repairs the maintenance costs of older machines were higher and productivity lower compared with new machines. The biggest item of expenditure turned out to be the fuel consumption. The second was the cost of repairs in the case of older machines and price in the case of new machines. Also the type of chipper had an impact on the production cost. Under the cumulative effect of various factors the production cost turned out to vary widely from 1.03 to 2.38 €/ml3.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Assessment of Vehicle Exhaust Particles on Aquatic Organisms of Different Trophic Levels

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Konstantin Pikula ◽  
Mariya Tretyakova ◽  
Alexander Zakharenko ◽  
Seyed Ali Johari ◽  
Sergey Ugay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Submicron Particles ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Exhaust Particles ◽  
The Difference

Vehicle emission particles (VEPs) represent a significant part of air pollution in urban areas. However, the toxicity of this category of particles in different aquatic organisms is still unexplored. This work aimed to extend the understanding of the toxicity of the vehicle exhaust particles in two species of marine diatomic microalgae, the planktonic crustacean Artemia salina, and the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius. These aquatic species were applied for the first time in the risk assessment of VEPs. Our results demonstrated that the samples obtained from diesel-powered vehicles completely prevented egg fertilization of the sea urchin S. intermedius and caused pronounced membrane depolarization in the cells of both tested microalgae species at concentrations between 10 and 100 mg/L. The sample with the highest proportion of submicron particles and the highest content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) had the highest growth rate inhibition in both microalgae species and caused high toxicity to the crustacean. The toxicity level of the other samples varied among the species. We can conclude that metal content and the difference in the concentrations of PAHs by itself did not directly reflect the toxic level of VEPs, but the combination of both a high number of submicron particles and high PAH concentrations had the highest toxic effect on all the tested species.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Home Range and Habitat Use of Chinese Goral (Naemorhedus Griseus): Exploring GPS Tracking Data in Cliff Landscape by Three Estimation Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yang teng ◽  
Shupei TANG ◽  
lai heda meng ◽  
Liji Wu ◽  
Zhiqing HAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Range Estimation ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Effective Conservation

Abstract Home range size estimation is a crucial basis for developing effective conservation strategies and provides important insights into animal behavior and ecology. This study aimed at analyzing the home range variations, the influence of altitude in habitat selection, and comparing three methods in home range estimation of Chinese gorals (Naemorhedus griseus) living at a cliff landscape. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the annual home range sizes of individual animals but there was no difference in their seasonal home range sizes based on GPS tracking data of five female Chinese gorals from February 2015 to September 2018. The monthly home ranges decreased dramatically in May, June and July due to birth-giving. Notable seasonal variations were found in the micro-habitats of the Chinese gorals, as reflected by the altitude they inhabit, with higher altitude habitats used in spring and lower altitude habitats used in winter. Additionally, the altitude of monthly habitats was lowest in January, which may indicate an adaptation to low air temperature. We also found differences between estimation methods, namely minimum convex polygon (MCP), kernel density estimation (KDE) and α-local convex hull (α-LoCoH), with seasonal home range sizes derived from α-LoCoH being substantially smaller than those derived from MCP and KDE. In conclusion, our findings filled the gaps in home range study for this endangered species and contributed to effective conservation strategies. Considerations shall have to be given to the variations in home range estimation caused by different methods when dealing with rugged habitats, so as to make sure that any interpretation concerning the habitat use of the targeted species made on basis of such results would be meaningful and valid.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of methods for inferring successful foraging areas from Argos and GPS tracking data

2012 ◽  
Vol 452 ◽  
pp. 253-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Dragon ◽  
A Bar-Hen ◽  
P Monestiez ◽  
C Guinet
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Tracking Data

scholarly journals A Pilot Study on Home Range and Habitat Use of Chinese Goral (Naemorhedus Griseus): Exploring GPS Tracking Data in Cliff Landscape by Three Estimation Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Teng ◽  
Shupei TANG ◽  
Dalai Menghe ◽  
Liji Wu ◽  
Zhiqing HAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Tracking Data ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Range Estimation ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Effective Conservation

Abstract Home range size estimation is a crucial basis for developing effective conservation strategies and provides important insights into animal behavior and ecology. This study aimed at analyzing the home range variations, the influence of altitude in habitat selection, and comparing three methods in home range estimation of Chinese gorals (Naemorhedus griseus) living at a cliff landscape. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the annual home range sizes of individual animals but there was no difference in their seasonal home range sizes based on GPS tracking data of five female Chinese gorals from February 2015 to September 2018. The monthly home ranges decreased dramatically in May, June and July due to birth-giving. Notable seasonal variations were found in the micro-habitats of the Chinese gorals, as reflected by the altitude they inhabit, with higher altitude habitats used in spring and lower altitude habitats used in winter. Additionally, the altitude of monthly habitats was lowest in January, which may indicate an adaptation to low air temperature. We also found differences between estimation methods, namely minimum convex polygon (MCP), kernel density estimation (KDE) and α-local convex hull (α-LoCoH), with seasonal home range sizes derived from α-LoCoH being substantially smaller than those derived from MCP and KDE. In conclusion, our findings filled the gaps in home range study for this endangered species and contributed to effective conservation strategies. Considerations shall have to be given to the variations in home range estimation caused by different methods when dealing with rugged habitats, so as to make sure that any interpretation concerning the habitat use of the targeted species made on basis of such results would be meaningful and valid.

scholarly journals Effect of Car Rear Shape on Pollution Dispersion in Near Wake Region

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Jun Hu ◽  
Han-Bo Yang ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Xiu-Cheng Li ◽  
Yu-Long Lei
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Wake Flow ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Tracer Gas ◽  
Near Wake ◽  
Pollution Dispersion ◽  
Wake Field

Dispersion of vehicle exhaust gas is a primary source of air pollution in urban areas. Thus, it has become an important subject in the automotive field. This paper consists of two parts. First, the fastback MIRA model was selected as study object and a standardκ-εtwo-equation turbulence model was used. The simulation results were compared and analyzed with experimental data. The feasibility of the turbulence model and grid strategy was then verified, and the results were used in the next research step. Second, we used propane as tracer gas while ignoring the effect of the vehicle wake field force on this gas. The tracer gas diffusion in the wake flow field was then simulated through fastback, notchback, and square-back MIRA models. This study focuses on analyzing the characteristics of wake field diffusion effects, particularly in the near wake of a vehicle.

Bespy Spy Gadgets Store - Use Best Car Gps Tracking Device

SciVee ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israelkira Israelkira ◽  
Israelkira Israelkira ◽  
Israelkira Israelkira ◽  
Israelkira Israelkira ◽  
Israelkira Israelkira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gps Tracking ◽  
Tracking Device

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Source Apportionment of PM2.5 in Urban Areas of Xiangtan, Central South China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyao Ma ◽  
Zhenghui Xiao ◽  
Lizhi He ◽  
Zongbo Shi ◽  
Yunjiang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Apportionment ◽  
South China ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Wind Speeds

Xiangtan, South China, is characterized by year-round high relative humidity and very low wind speeds. To assess levels of PM2.5, daily samples were collected from 2016 to 2017 at two urban sites. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 were in the range of 30–217 µg/m3, with the highest concentrations in winter and the lowest in spring. Major water-soluble ions (WSIIs) and total carbon (TC) accounted for 58–59% and 21–24% of the PM2.5 mass, respectively. Secondary inorganic ions (SO42−, NO3−, and NH4+) dominated the WSIIs and accounted for 73% and 74% at the two sites. The concentrations of K, Fe, Al, Sb, Ca, Zn, Mg, Pb, Ba, As, and Mn in the PM2.5 at the two sites were higher than 40 ng/m3, and decreased in the order of winter > autumn > spring. Enrichment factor analysis indicates that Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Tl, and Pb mainly originates from anthropogenic sources. Source apportionment analysis showed that secondary inorganic aerosols, vehicle exhaust, coal combustion and secondary aerosols, fugitive dust, industrial emissions, steel industry are the major sources of PM2.5, contributing 25–27%, 21–22%, 19–21%, 16–18%, 6–9%, and 8–9% to PM2.5 mass.

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