CMS Experience with Adoption of the Community supported DD4hep Toolkit

DD4hep is an open-source software toolkit that provides comprehensive and complete generic detector descriptions for high energy physics (HEP) detectors. The Compact Muon Solenoid collaboration (CMS) has recently evaluated and adopted DD4hep to replace its custom detector description software. CMS has demanding software requirements as a very large, longrunning experiment that must support legacy geometries and study many possible upgraded detector designs of a constantly evolving detector that will be taking data for many years to come. CMS has chosen DD4hep since it is a high-quality, community-supported solution that will benefit from continuing modernization and maintenance. This presentation will discuss the issues of DD4hep adoption, the advantages and disadvantages of the various design choices, performance results, and the integration of the plugin systems from CMS and Gaudi, another open-source software framework. Recommendations about DD4hep based upon the CMS use cases will also be presented.

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Comparison between Various Designs of Micropattern Detectors

Innovative Applications and Developments of Micro-Pattern Gaseous Detectors - Advances in Chemical and Materials Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6014-4.ch011 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 216-227

Keyword(s):

Energy Resolution ◽

High Energy Physics ◽

High Energy ◽

X Rays ◽

Position Resolution ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Commercial Applications ◽

Reliability And Robustness ◽

Gas Gain ◽

Energy Physics

In this chapter a comparison between various designs of micropattern detectors is given, describing their specific advantages and disadvantages, which finally determines the fields of their applications. It is shown that at low counting rates the maximum achievable gas gain is determined by the Raether limit, which is about 106-107 electrons, depending on the design. At high counting rates, the maximum achievable gain additionally drops due to the contribution of several other effects (e.g. avalanches overlapping in space and time). Typically, micropattern detectors have a position resolution of ~30 µm, energy resolution of ~ 20% FWHM for 6 keV X-rays, and a time resolutions of ~1 ns. Some advanced designs offer even better characteristics. The diversity of micropattern detectors makes them attractive for many applications. For example, in measurements requiring simultaneously excellent time and position resolutions, mutigap multistrip detectors can be used in high energy physics applications, and hole-type structures are advantageous for the detection of visible photons. In some commercial applications, where reliability and robustness are important, spark protected detectors with resistive electrodes could be useful.

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The Event Buffer Management for MT-SNiPER

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921405026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 05026

Author(s):

Jiaheng Zou ◽

Tao Lin ◽

Weidong Li ◽

Xingtao Huang ◽

Ziyan Deng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Analysis ◽

High Energy Physics ◽

Time Window ◽

Buffer Management ◽

High Energy ◽

General Purpose ◽

Software Framework ◽

Neutrino Experiments ◽

Physics Experiment ◽

Energy Physics

SNiPER is a general purpose offline software framework for high energy physics experiment. It provides some features that are attractive to neutrino experiments, such as the event buffer. More than one events are available in the buffer according to a customizable time window, so that it is easy for users to apply events correlation analysis. We also implemented the MT-SNiPER to support multithreading computing based on Intel TBB. In MT-SNiPER, the event loop is split into pieces, and each piece is dispatched to a task. The global buffer, an extension and enhancement to the event buffer, is implemented for MT-SNiPER. The global buffer is available by all threads. It keeps all the events being processed in memory. When there is an available task, a subset of its events is dispatched to that task. There can be overlaps between the subsets in different tasks due to the time window. However, it is ensured that each event is processed only once. In the task side, the subsets of events are locally managed by a normal event buffer. So the global buffer can be transparent to most user algorithms. Within the global buffer, the multithreading computing of MT-SNiPER becomes more practicable.

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Perspectives for the migration of the LHCb geometry to the DD4hep toolkit

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921402022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 02022

Author(s):

Silvia Borghi ◽

Chris Burr ◽

Marco Clemencic ◽

Gloria Corti ◽

Ben Couturier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

High Energy Physics ◽

High Energy ◽

Software Framework ◽

Lhcb Experiment ◽

Simulation Tools ◽

Time Alignment ◽

Custom Made ◽

Description Framework ◽

Energy Physics

The LHCb experiment uses a custom made C++ detector and geometry description toolkit, integrated with the Gaudi framework, designed when the LHCb software was first implemented. With the LHCb upgrade scheduled for 2021, it is necessary for the experiment to review this choice and adapt to the evolution of software and computing (in terms of e.g multi-threading support or vectorization) The Detector Description Toolkit for High Energy Physics (DD4hep) is a good candidate for the replacement for LHCb’s geometry description framework: it is possible to integrate it with the LHCb core software framework and its features theoretically match the requirements: in terms of geometry and detector description but also concerning the possibility to add detector alignment parameters and the integration with simulation tools. In this paper we report on detailed studies undertaken to compare the feature set proposed by the DD4hep toolkit, to what is needed by LHCb. We show not only how the main description could be migrated, but also how to integrate the LHCb real-time alignment tools in this toolkit, in order to identify the main obstacles to the migration of the experiment to DD4hep.

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Columnar data processing for HEP analysis

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921406026 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 06026

Author(s):

Jim Pivarsk ◽

Jaydeep Nandi ◽

David Lange ◽

Peter Elmer

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Data Structures ◽

High Energy Physics ◽

High Energy ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Critical Data ◽

Execution Speed ◽

High Level ◽

Performance Results ◽

Energy Physics

In the last stages of data analysis, physicists are often forced to choose between simplicity and execution speed. In High Energy Physics (HEP), high-level languages like Python are known for ease of use but also very slow execution. However, Python is used in speed-critical data analysis in other fields of science and industry. In those fields, most operations are performed on Numpy arrays in an array programming style; this style can be adopted for HEP by introducing variable-sized, nested data structures. We describe how array programming may be extended for HEP use-cases and an implementation known as awkward-array. We also present integration with ROOT, Apache Arrow, and Parquet, as well as preliminary performance results.

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KSEMAW: an open source software for the analysis ofspectrophotometric, ellipsometric andphotothermal deflection spectroscopy measurements

Open Research Europe ◽

10.12688/openreseurope.13842.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Marco Montecchi ◽

Alberto Mittiga ◽

Claudia Malerba ◽

Francesca Menchini

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Open Source ◽

Open Source Software ◽

High Energy Physics ◽

Complex Refractive Index ◽

Optical Filters ◽

High Energy ◽

Spectral Measurements ◽

Thin Film Characterization ◽

Optical Behavior

The optical behavior of devices based on thin films is determined by complex refractive index and thickness of each slab composing the stack; these important parameters are usually evaluated from photometric and/or ellipsometric spectral measurements, given a model of the stack, by means of dedicated software. In the case of complex multilayer devices, generally a number of simpler specimens (like single-film on substrate) must be preliminarily characterized. This paper introduces the reader to a new open source software for thin film characterization finally released after about 30 years of development. The software has already been used in various fields of physics, such as thin film optical filters, architectural glazing, detectors for high energy physics, solar energy, and, last but not least, photovoltaic devices. Code source files, user manual as well as a sample of working directories populated with assorted files can be freely downloaded from the kSEMAW GitHub repository.

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Software framework for the Super Charm-Tau factory detector project

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/202125103017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 251 ◽

pp. 03017

Author(s):

Maria Belozyorova ◽

Dmitry Maksimov ◽

Georgiy Razuvaev ◽

Andrey Sukharev ◽

Vitaly Vorobyev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Energy Physics ◽

High Energy ◽

Software Framework ◽

High Luminosity ◽

Collision Point ◽

Software Packages ◽

Electron Positron ◽

New Ideas ◽

Near Future ◽

Energy Physics

The project of Super Charm-Tau (SCT) factory — a high-luminosity electron-positron collider for studying charmed hadrons and tau lepton — is proposed by Budker INP. The project implies single collision point equipped with a universal particle detector. The Aurora software framework has been developed for the SCT detector. It is based on trusted and widely used in high energy physics software packages, such as Gaudi, Geant4, and ROOT. At the same time, new ideas and developments are employed, in particular the Aurora project benefits a lot from the turnkey software for future colliders (Key4HEP) initiative. This paper describes the first release of the Aurora framework, summarizes its core technologies, structure and roadmap for the near future.

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