scholarly journals Enhancing Export Diversification in Resource-Rich Economies – Policies and Evidence from Kazakhstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
P. Zhelev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
High Price ◽  
Export Diversification ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Price Boom ◽  
The Government ◽  
Competitive Economy

Kazakhstan has managed to benefit from its considerable endowments of natural resources during the commodity price boom in the 2000s. However, the global crisis of 2008-09 has demonstrated that relying on a single sector prone to high price volatility cannot be a viable strategy for development. The government of Kazakhstan well realizes that and for already 2 decades has been pursuing various industrial policy initiatives to build a more diversified and competitive economy. The paper aims to examine how successful were those policies by applying various indicators of export diversification. The results show that progress has been very limited as the country’s export basket is highly concentrated and still dominated by oil. This suggests that Kazakhstan should ensure better implementation, coordination, monitoring and evaluation of its diversification initiatives.

scholarly journals Analisis Volatilitas Harga Cabai Keriting di Indonesia dengan Pendekatan ARCH GARCH

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rizka Amalia Nugrahapsari ◽  
Idha Widi Arsanti
Keyword(s):  
Price Volatility ◽  
High Price ◽  
Stabilization Policy ◽  
Price Variation ◽  
Price Stabilization ◽  
Price Movement ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The Government ◽  
Import Restrictions ◽  
The Right

<strong>English</strong><br />Chili includes a strategic commodity in Indonesia because of its high price volatility that makes it a major determinant of national inflation dynamics. The government always tries to improve its capability in implementing the chili price stabilization policy. The objective of the study is to assess the volatility of curly chili price volatility in Indonesia by using the ARCH GARCH approach with daily price data of January 2011 to December 2015. The results showed that the right model to calculate chili price volatility is ARCH (1). The price volatility was low and price movement was only influenced by the volatility in the previous day, not by the price variant, so the chili price volatility in the future will be smaller. Low volatility indicates that demand and supply characteristics were predictable. Price changes gradually and predictable. Farmers’ protection policy through import restrictions improves stability of domestic supply. The policy reduces the risk of drastic decline in prices due to imported chili, so the price volatility of chili in the period 2011–2015 was lower than the previous period. However, the seasonal price variation remains. Therefore, the policy should be supported with all season chili availability assurance.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Cabai termasuk komoditas strategis di Indonesia karena harganya volatil sehingga menjadi salah satu penentu utama dinamika inflasi nasional. Untuk itu, pemerintah senantiasa berusaha meningkatkan kemampuannya dalam melaksanakan kebijakan stabilisasi harga cabai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji volatilitas harga cabai keriting di Indonesia dengan pendekatan ARCH GARCH dan data harga harian cabai keriting periode Januari 2011 hingga Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model yang tepat untuk menghitung volatilitas harga cabai keriting adalah ARCH(1). Hasil pendugaan model menunjukkan volatilitas harga cabai keriting rendah dan pergerakan harga hanya dipengaruhi oleh volatilitas pada satu hari sebelumnya, tidak dipengaruhi varian harga, sehingga diperkirakan volatilitas harga cabai keriting di masa datang akan semakin kecil. Volatilitas yang rendah menunjukkan karakteristik waktu permintaan dan penawaran cabai keriting dapat diprediksi. Perubahan harga terjadi bertahap dan dapat diperkirakan. Kebijakan perlindungan petani melalui pembatasan impor cabai menyebabkan penyediaan cabai di dalam negeri menjadi lebih stabil. Kebijakan ini mengurangi risiko penurunan harga secara drastis akibat masuknya cabai impor, sehingga volatilitas harga cabai pada periode 2011–2015 lebih rendah dibandingkan periode sebelumnya. Namun, masih terdapat variasi harga musiman. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan ini perlu diperkuat dengan upaya jaminan sediaan cabai sepanjang musim.

scholarly journals Grey theory based evaluation of importers’ strategies for hedging the price risk in the Tanzanian oil supply chain: a focus on derivative products

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Erick P. Massami ◽  
Malima M. Manyas ◽  
Benitha M. Myamba
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
High Price ◽  
Price Risk ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Grey Theory ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Oil Markets ◽  
The Government

The landed cost for oil products in local markets is very often affected by the fluctuation of price related to the international purchasing from oil markets. As a result, oil products are primarily procured via term contracts i.e. derivatives as wholesalers are typically loath to rely heavily on spot supplies as these may be unreliable and exhibit high price volatility. In this study, we apply Grey Theory to evaluate the derivatives based strategies of the Tanzanian oil products imports for hedging the price risk in the local market. After comprehensive evaluation, we find that the applicability of oil derivatives by the Tanzanian importers is high. Thus, the government (i.e. Ministry of Finance and Planning, Ministry of Trade and Industry) and other stakeholders have the obligation to continue bringing awareness on the benefits of the derivative instruments in the purchasing of oil products, which ultimately upon application would bring a relief to all consumers of the oil products in the country. Moreover, as the grey theory can deal with vague and incomplete data, the proposed model can be applied as an evaluation tool for quantifying qualitative data in any industry.  

scholarly journals Volatility and Transmission of Shallot Commodity Prices in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Kholifatin Artika ◽  
Muhammad Firdaus ◽  
Tony Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Price Transmission ◽  
High Price ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Strategic Issue ◽  
The Government

The shallot commodity has been becoming a strategic issue for the government nowadays because this commodity has contributed to inflation. The price volatility of shallots causes high price disparities between producers and consumers. This situation gives is detrimental more to farmers and consumers than to traders because it provides more opportunities for traders to manipulate information on price, so that price transmission becomes asymmetric. This paper discusses the price transmission of shallots between three players: farmers, wholesalers and retailers. This study used daily data from January 1st 2017 to December 31st 2017 which were analyzed using the ECM-EG method. The wald test results show that shallots commodities showed a price asymmetry in the short term in each marketing chain, namely between producers to wholesalers, wholesalers to retail and retail to producers. Whereas in the long run, the price asymmetry only exist on the wholesale-retail linkage. Meanwhile the transmission of long-term prices between producers to wholesalers, retail to producers in the long-term is symmetrical.

POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK PANASBUMI SUHU RENDAH DI KABUPATEN MANOKWARI SELATAN

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Denny Unggul Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Reservoir Temperature ◽  
Geothermal Resources ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Binary Cycle ◽  
West Papua ◽  
The Government

<p class="BodyA">South Manokwari Regency is a new autonomous region in West Papua Province with abundant natural resources. As a new autonomous region South Manokwari Regency will be experiencing significant population growth. Population growth along with development and modernization will give burden to electricity demand. Alternatively, electricity can be provided with geothermal resources in Momiwaren District. Based on survey conducted by the government through the Geology Resources Centre in 2009, the reservoir temperature of the geothermal sources is 84<sup>o</sup>C with non volcanic geothermal system. Thus, the geothermal resources in South Manokwari Regency could be developed into binary cycle electric generator.</p>

Dampak Insentif Pajak Perumahan Terhadap Potensi Penerimaan Pajak Negara Dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat : Kasus Provinsi Papua

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Towaf Totok Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
High Price ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Until now the government and private sector have not been able to address the backlog of 13.5 million housing units for ownership status and 7.6 million units for residential status. The high price of land has led to the high price of the house so that low-income communities (MBR) is not able to reach out to make a home purchase. In addition to the high price of land, tax factors also contribute to the high price of the house. The government plans to issue a policy for the provision of tax incentives, ie abolish VAT on home-forming material transaction. This policy is expected to house prices become cheaper, so the demand for housing increases, and encourage the relevant sectors to intensify its role in the construction of houses. It is expected to replace the lost tax potential and increase incomes. Analysis of the impact of tax incentives housing to potential state revenue and an increase in people's income, especially in Papua province is using the table IO because in addition to looking at the role each sector can also see the impact on taxes (income tax 21 Pph 25 Pph, VAT), and incomes (wage). Although in the short-term impact is still small, but very rewarding in the long run. Keywords: Backlog, Gross Input, Primary Input, Intermediate Input

GOOD GOVERNANCE, AKUNTANSI PEMERINTAHAN DAN EKONOMI KERAKYATAN

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuskar Yuskar
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government

Good governance is a ware to create an efficient, effective and accountable government by keeping a balanced interaction well between government, private sector and society role. The implementation of a good governance is aimed to recover the public trust for the government that has been lost for the last several years because of financial, economic and trust crisis further multidimensional crisis. The Misunderstanding concept and unconcerned manner of government in implementing a good governance lately have caused unstability, deviation and injustice for Indonesia society. This paper is a literature study explaining a concept, principles and characteristics of a good governance. Furthermore, it explains the definition, development and utility of an efficient, effective and accountable government in creating a good governance mechanism having a strong impact to the democratic economy and social welfare. It also analyzes the importance of government concern for improving democratic economy suitable with human and natural resources and the culture values of Indonesia.

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