scholarly journals The Incidence and Anatomic Variation of Os Naviculare in a Multi-ethinic Asian Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ng Wei Ling Stacy ◽  
Tan Tien Jin ◽  
Kam Jia Wen ◽  
Kinjal Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Asian Population

scholarly journals Anatomic Variation in Morphometry of Human Coracoid Process among Asian Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Fathi ◽  
Pike-See Cheah ◽  
Umar Ahmad ◽  
M. Nizlan Nasir ◽  
Aye Aye San ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Coracoid Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Morphometric Measurements ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Digital Caliper

Ethnic origin plays an important role in bone morphometry. Studies examining the influence of coracoid process have focused primarily on adults and have not included people from diverse Asian ethnic backgrounds. Our goal was to explore ethnic differences in morphometry of coracoid among Asian population. We performed morphometric measurements of coracoid process on cadaveric shoulders and shoulder CT scans from 118 specimens. The cadaveric sample included Indian (46%), Chinese (27%), and Myanmarese (27%) subjects, while the CT scans sample included Chinese (67%) and Malay (33%) subjects. The morphometric measurements were performed using digital caliper and software developed at Golden Horses Health Sanctuary (GHHS). In the Indian cadaveric shoulders, the coracoid process is better developed than the other groups with the exception of the tip width of coracoid process. There are significant differences in almost all measurements (P<0.05) between the ethnic groups. On the other hand, the morphometry of coracoid process from CT scans data is bigger in Chinese than Malay subjects when stratified by sex (P<0.05). Moreover, in all morphometric measurements, the females had smaller measurements than males (P<0.05). Understanding such differences is important in anatomy, forensic and biological identity, and orthopaedic and shoulder surgeries.

Gene Polymorphisms and Their Association to Coronavirus Family Infections: Susceptibility in Different Populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
African Region ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Spread Pattern ◽  
Different Populations

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci are highly polymorphic and determine differential features of the immune response in subjects from different regions. HLA genes have been proposed to determine genetic susceptibility to several diseases, particularly to viral infections. Moreover, it has been suggested that each ethnic group could have a different specificity of T-lymphocyte reactivity to the same viral infections. In this review, we analyzed the distribution of HLA types in countries of the Asian, European and North African region. Also, we studied the relation between these HLA polymorphisms and susceptibility to infection by the coronavirus. Our findings indicated that homozygosity would increase susceptibility to viral infections and, in some cases, to coronavirus infection. HLA types showing higher susceptibility were reported in Asian population, including China, Singapore, and Taiwan. In contrast, lower susceptibility HLA variants were detected among African populations, some Asian populations, and Mediterranean populations. The presented evidence along with the spread pattern of COVID-19 infection suggests that HLA genetic variants might be related to its infection susceptibility and severity. The investigation of HLA genetic variants distribution would be a useful tool to predict different populations’ susceptibility to viral infections.

Assessment of the Radial Artery and Hand Circulation by Computed Tomography Angiography: A Pilot Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Faruk Dogan ◽  
Musturay Karcaaltincaba ◽  
Umit Duman ◽  
Deniz Akata ◽  
Aytekin Besim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Median Artery ◽  
Test Result

Objectives: The radial artery (RA) is increasingly being used as a coronary bypass graft. Results of a previous study using Doppler ultrasound and histopathologic examinations indicated that the RA has a higher incidence of preexisting intimal hyperplasia, medial calcification, and atherosclerosis than the internal thoracic artery. The aims of this study were to evaluate the use of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) to display hand collateral circulation, to define the criteria for an abnormal CTA test result, and to demonstrate usefulness of CTA as an alternative to conventional angiography for evaluation of the radial artery. Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting entered this study. We performed 32 examinations of forearm and hand arterial anatomy in these patients. CTA was performed in patients with a normal Allen test result, except 1 patient who had a persistent median artery. Soft tissue density forehand roentgenography was performed in all patients before the CTA evaluation. There was no selection of patients in relation to patient characteristics. As a risk factor for radial artery calcification, 6 of the patients had diabetes mellitus, 6 had aortofemoral occlusive disease, and 4 had a history of smoking. Results: Bilateral forearm arteries were visualized in all patients. Severe RA calcification was found in 1 patient, and distal occlusion was found in another patient. Focal RA calcification was noted in 2 patients. In the remaining patients no radial artery calcification or occlusion was noted. Anatomic variation of the upper limb arteries was shown in 2 patients; these variations were persistent median artery with absence of the radial and ulnar arteries and high bifurcation of the radial artery from the brachial artery. Conclusion: CTA is useful and safe for detection of radial artery calcific disease and assessment of the forehand circulation and its anatomic variations. Preoperative imaging of the RA is a means to avoid unnecessary forearm exploration or inadvertent use of a diseased conduit in coronary artery bypass candidates with multiple risk factors such as diabetes mellitus.

Identification of High-risk Patients for Implantable Cardioverter–Defibrillator Therapy in Asia

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Cyril YK Ko ◽  
Jeffrey WH Fung ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Western World ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Cardioverter Defibrillator ◽  
Asian Patients ◽  
Risk Patients

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a serious medical problem worldwide. Multiple landmark studies have demonstrated the benefit of implantable cardioverter–defibrillator (ICD) therapy in preventing SCD in at-risk patients. Although the data available in Asia are limited, the disease pattern seems to be different from that in the western world. The Asian population seems to have a lower incidence of SCD. Coronary heart disease, which is the major underlying cause of SCD in the west, may play a less important role in Asian countries. In addition, non-structural heart disease seems to be a more prevalent cause of SCD in Asia. It is thus questionable whether the results of ICD trials can be applied directly to Asian countries, as most of these trials seldom recruited Asian patients. This article will review SCD in Asia, focusing on the epidemiology and risk factors for SCD in Asia and highlighting some unique features that may be different from those seen in the western world.

Incidence of Down's Syndrome by Maternal Age of Asian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Yi ◽  
Jieping Song ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Chengcheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Down’S Syndrome

The GSTM1 and GSTT1 Null Genotypes Increase the Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Subsequent Development of Diabetic Complications: A Meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayantan Nath ◽  
Sambuddha Das ◽  
Aditi Bhowmik ◽  
Sankar Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Yashmin Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Gstm1 Null Genotype ◽  
Increased Risk

Background:Studies pertaining to association of GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes with risk of T2DM and its complications were often inconclusive, thus spurring the present study.Methods:Meta-analysis of 25 studies for evaluating the role of GSTM1/GSTT1 null polymorphisms in determining the risk for T2DM and 17 studies for evaluating the role of GSTM1/GSTT1 null polymorphisms in development of T2DM related complications were conducted.Results:Our study revealed an association between GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphism with T2DM (GSTM1; OR=1.37;95% CI =1.10-1.70 and GSTT1; OR=1.29;95% CI =1.04-1.61) with an amplified risk of 2.02 fold for combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null genotypes. Furthermore, the GSTT1 null (OR=1.56;95%CI=1.38-1.77) and combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null genotypes (OR=1.91;95%CI=1.25- 2.94) increased the risk for development of T2DM related complications, but not the GSTM1 null genotype. Stratified analyses based on ethnicity revealed GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes increase the risk for T2DM in both Caucasians and Asians, with Asians showing much higher risk of T2DM complications than Caucasians for the same. </P><P> Discussion: GSTM1, GSTT1 and combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null polymorphism may be associated with increased risk for T2DM; while GSTT1 and combined GSTM1-GSTT1 null polymorphism may increase the risk of subsequent development of T2DM complications with Asian population carrying an amplified risk for the polymorphism.Conclusion:Thus GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes increases the risk for Type 2 diabetes mellitus alone, in combination or with regards to ethnicity.

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