In vivo molekulare Bildgebung des Magenkarzinoms im Xenograft-Modell mittels konfokaler Laserendomikroskopie

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Hoetker ◽  
S Försch ◽  
PR Galle ◽  
R Kiesslich ◽  
M Götz
Keyword(s):  
Molekulare Bildgebung

Molekulare Bildgebung in der Diagnostik von Demenzen

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 725-732
Author(s):  
J. Kurth ◽  
I. Kilimann ◽  
B. J. Krause ◽  
S. Teipel
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Molekulare Bildgebung ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Klinische Befunde ◽  
Eine Hohe ◽  
Pet Tracer ◽  
Alzheimer Krankheit

ZusammenfassungDurch die Entwicklung molekularer Marker der zerebralen Amyloidablagerung in vivo hat die Positronenemissionstomografie (PET) eine zentrale Rolle für die Definition präklinischer und prädemenzieller Stadien der Alzheimer Krankheit erlangt. Darüber hinaus haben länger etablierte nuklearmedizinische Marker eine wichtige Funktion bei der Differenzial- und Frühdiagnose demenzieller Erkrankungen. Untersuchungen mit FDG-PET zeigen typische Muster eines kortikalen Hypo metabolismus, der die Ausprägung kognitiver Defizite in klinischen Verlauf prädiziert und eine hohe diagnostische Trennschärfe zwischen Frühstadien einer Alzheimer Krankheit und einer Erkrankung aus dem Formenkreis der frontotemporalen Lobärdegenerationen aufweist. Dopamin-PET, Dopamintransporter-SPECT und Dopaminrezeptor-Tracer für PET und SPET sind frühe Indikatoren einer extrapyramidalmotorischen Beteiligung beim Parkinson-Syndrom. Der Beitrag erläutert die technischen Grundlagen der Verfahren und wesentliche klinische Befunde sowie diagnostische Anwendungen aus monozentrischen und multizentrischen Studien für die Früh und Prädemenzdiagnostik. Besonderes Gewicht legen wir auf die klinische Frage, die ein molekularer Marker beantworten kann, und die methodischen und heuristischen Grenzen der Verfahren, die insbesondere gegen einen unkritischen Einsatz der demnächst klinisch verfügbaren Amyloid-PET-Tracer für das Screenen asymptomatischer Personen außerhalb klinischer Studien sprechen.

Molekulare Entzündungsdiagnostik im 21. Jahrhundert – der Weg zu mehr Spezifität und individualisierter Medizin?

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (02) ◽  
pp. 148-164
Author(s):  
Caroline Bouter
Keyword(s):  
Molekulare Bildgebung ◽  
Klinische Anwendung ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Erste Ergebnisse

ZusammenfassungDie Diagnostik entzündlicher Erkrankungen stellt nach wie vor eine große klinische Herausforderung dar. Die molekulare Bildgebung erlaubt die Darstellung eines entzündlichen Geschehens in vivo, wobei pathophysiologische Veränderungen in einer frühen Phase des Entzündungsprozesses noch vor dem Auftreten anatomischer Veränderungen detektierbar sind. Es stehen verschiedene nuklearmedizinische Tracer zur Entzündungsdiagnostik mittels Gammakamera und PET/CT mit unterschiedlicher Spezifität zur Darstellung einer Entzündung zur Verfügung. Der vorliegende Artikel befasst sich schwerpunktmäßig mit den Entwicklungen der nuklearmedizinischen Entzündungsdiagnostik in den letzten 16 Jahren. Auf dem Weg zu mehr Spezifität und Individualität in der Bildgebung akuter und chronischer Entzündungen werden erste Ergebnisse über die klinische Anwendung neue Tracer, mit ihren jeweiligen Vorzügen und Limitationen, vorgestellt.

In vivo molekulare Bildgebung des kolorektalen Karzinoms durch die konfokale Endomikroskopie

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Goetz ◽  
A Ziebart ◽  
M Vieth ◽  
P Delaney ◽  
PR Galle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molekulare Bildgebung

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

Induction and Differentiation of Dental Epithelium in Vivo and in Vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
E. J. Kollar
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Functional Derivatives ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Dental Epithelium ◽  
Connective Tissue Stroma

The differentiation and maintenance of many specialized epithelial structures are dependent on the underlying connective tissue stroma and on an intact basal lamina. These requirements are especially stringent in the development and maintenance of the skin and oral mucosa. The keratinization patterns of thin or thick cornified layers as well as the appearance of specialized functional derivatives such as hair and teeth can be correlated with the specific source of stroma which supports these differentiated expressions.

Ultrastructural Correlations between Clonal Human Tumor Colonies and in Vivo Neoplasms

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
M.J. Murphy ◽  
R.R. Price ◽  
J.C. Sloman
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Tumor Mass ◽  
Initial Cell ◽  
Cloning Assay ◽  
Human Tumor Cloning ◽  
The Relationship

The in vitro human tumor cloning assay originally described by Salmon and Hamburger has been applied recently to the investigation of differential anti-tumor drug sensitivities over a broad range of human neoplasms. A major problem in the acceptance of this technique has been the question of the relationship between the cultured cells and the original patient tumor, i.e., whether the colonies that develop derive from the neoplasm or from some other cell type within the initial cell population. A study of the ultrastructural morphology of the cultured cells vs. patient tumor has therefore been undertaken to resolve this question. Direct correlation was assured by division of a common tumor mass at surgical resection, one biopsy being fixed for TEM studies, the second being rapidly transported to the laboratory for culture.

Structural analysis of the photosynthetic membrane from Ectothiorhodospira halochloris

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 740-741
Author(s):  
H. Engelhardt ◽  
R. Guckenberger ◽  
W. Baumeister
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Reaction Centre ◽  
Photosynthetic Membrane ◽  
Rhodopseudomonas Viridis ◽  
Photosynthetic Membranes ◽  
Ectothiorhodospira Halochloris ◽  
Main Components

Bacterial photosynthetic membranes contain, apart from lipids and electron transport components, reaction centre (RC) and light harvesting (LH) polypeptides as the main components. The RC-LH complexes in Rhodopseudomonas viridis membranes are known since quite seme time to form a hexagonal lattice structure in vivo; hence this membrane attracted the particular attention of electron microscopists. Contrary to previous claims in the literature we found, however, that 2-D periodically organized photosynthetic membranes are not a unique feature of Rhodopseudomonas viridis. At least five bacterial species, all bacteriophyll b - containing, possess membranes with the RC-LH complexes regularly arrayed. All these membranes appear to have a similar lattice structure and fine-morphology. The lattice spacings of the Ectothiorhodospira haloohloris, Ectothiorhodospira abdelmalekii and Rhodopseudomonas viridis membranes are close to 13 nm, those of Thiocapsa pfennigii and Rhodopseudomonas sulfoviridis are slightly smaller (∼12.5 nm).

The Infection of Cells by Bullet-Shaped Viruses

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 372-373
Author(s):  
Frederick A. Murphy ◽  
Alyne K. Harrison ◽  
Sylvia G. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Thin Section ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Cell Infection ◽  
Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽  
Section Electron ◽  
Section Electron Microscopy

The bullet-shaped viruses are currently classified together on the basis of similarities in virion morphology and physical properties. Biologically and ecologically the member viruses are extremely diverse. In searching for further bases for making comparisons of these agents, the nature of host cell infection, both in vivo and in cultured cells, has been explored by thin-section electron microscopy.

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