The impact of 5-HT on neuropsychological trajectories of adult ADHD

Objective: The current longitudinal impact of treatment of ADHD on intimate partner violence (ITAP) study aims to investigate whether decrease of ADHD symptoms is associated with reduction of intimate partner violence (IPV) frequency in IPV offenders with ADHD in a forensic psychiatry setting. Method: Of n = 209 offenders of IPV with ADHD, frequency of IPV and ADHD symptoms were assessed at the 8th, 16th, 24th, and 52nd weeks of their combined treatment for ADHD and IPV. Results: We observed a significant decrease of self-reported ADHD symptoms (large effect size, d ≥ 0.80) and all IPV outcomes (small, d > 0.20, to large, d > 0.80, effect sizes). The decrease in IPV was mainly associated with the decrease in ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: As IPV treatment alone is not effective in the reduction of IPV in forensic psychiatry, we now have strong indications that the combined treatment of adult ADHD and IPV is more effective in offenders with ADHD.

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The Impact of Depressive Symptoms and Traumatic Experiences on Quality of Life in Adults With ADHD

Journal of Attention Disorders ◽

10.1177/1087054716654568 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 486-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Swantje Matthies ◽

Chiharu Sadohara-Bannwarth ◽

Sebastian Lehnhart ◽

Jan Schulte-Maeter ◽

Alexandra Philipsen

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽

Childhood Experiences ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

Objective: We assessed factors influencing quality of life (QoL) in adults with ADHD. Method: QoL, traumatic childhood experiences, and depression were assessed using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively, in 60 adult ADHD outpatients and 60 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: Emotional neglect or abuse had occurred significantly more often during childhood in adults with ADHD. Depressive symptoms were rated significantly higher by ADHD patients. QoL was significantly lower in adults with ADHD, and the variables depression, ADHD symptom severity, and traumatic load, accounted for ~60% of variance in overall QoL. Conclusion: QoL is significantly reduced in adult ADHD patients. Depressive symptoms and traumatic childhood experiences influence QoL. Treatment for adult ADHD patients should take the high interdependence of depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and QoL into consideration.

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Consortium for the lifespan examination of ADHD registry (Clear): An update on methodology and recruitment

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71989-7 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 279-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Lasser ◽

C. Eksteen ◽

M. Brod ◽

L. Politza ◽

M. Dauphin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Adhd ◽

Healthcare Access ◽

Real Life ◽

Risk Behaviour ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Longitudinal Impact ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

The Usa ◽

Prospective Longitudinal ◽

The Impact

IntroductionADHD is often unrecognised and untreated, particularly in Europe. There is a need for improved understanding of ADHD in adults and its impact on patients across the lifespan. Registries allow for multiple real-world comparisons based on assessment of patients that are typically excluded from clinical studies. Data describing the cost, burden and consequences of ADHD are essential to inform clinicians, regulatory agencies, payers and patients about the condition.ObjectivesTo address the gaps in our current understanding of the care and cost of treating adult patients with ADHD by documenting real-life experiences.MethodsA prospective, longitudinal, observational study of adults > 18 years with ADHD, designed to follow 2500 patients in the USA, UK, Germany, The Netherlands and Canada for a minimum of 5 years.In year one, patients will be asked questions regarding:the impact of childhood diagnosis and/or treatment on adult ADHD, long- and short-term treatment patterns and their consequences, differences between ADHD treatments, the relationship between disease severity and compliance with treatment, increased tendency to risk behaviour/substance abuse, costs.In subsequent years, topics may be expanded to include the transition into adulthood and healthcare access for young adults.ResultsTen sites are currently recruiting, with 45 patients enrolled up to 7 October 2010. Challenges associated with initiating a global registry in North America and Europe will be discussed.ConclusionData generated from CLEAR will help improve the global understanding of the longitudinal impact of ADHD.Supported by Shire Development, Inc.

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The impact of cyclothymic temperament in adult ADHD

Journal of Affective Disorders ◽

10.1016/j.jad.2012.04.034 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 142 (1-3) ◽

pp. 241-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

E.T. Landaas ◽

A. Halmøy ◽

K.J. Oedegaard ◽

O.B. Fasmer ◽

J. Haavik

Keyword(s):

Adult Adhd ◽

The Impact

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Case Report: Treatment of a Comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder With Psychostimulants

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.649833 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ezgi Dogan-Sander ◽

Maria Strauß

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Case Report ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disease in childhood and adolescence. In about 60% of pediatric patients, the symptoms persist into adulthood. Treatment guidelines for adult ADHD patients suggest multimodal therapy consisting of psychostimulants and psychotherapy. Many adult ADHD patients also suffer from psychiatric comorbidities, among others obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). The treatment of the comorbidity of ADHD and OCD remains challenging as the literature is sparse. Moreover, the impact of psychostimulants on obsessive–compulsive symptoms is still unclear.Case Presentation: Here, we report on a 33-year-old patient with an OCD who was unable to achieve sufficient remission under long-term guideline-based treatment for OCD. The re-examination of the psychological symptoms revealed the presence of adult ADHD as a comorbid disorder. The patient has already been treated with paroxetine and quetiapine for the OCD. Due to the newly established diagnosis of ADHD, extended-release methylphenidate (ER MPH) was administered in addition to a serotonin reuptake inhibitor. After a dose of 30 mg ER MPH, the patient reported an improvement in both the ADHD and the obsessive–compulsive symptoms. After discharge, the patient reduced ER MPH without consultation with a physician due to subjectively described side effects. The discontinuation of medication led to a renewed increase in ADHD and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. The readjustment to ER MPH in combination with sertraline and quetiapine thereafter led to a significant improvement in the compulsive symptoms again.Conclusion: The present case shows that in ADHD and comorbid obsessive–compulsive disorder, treatment with psychostimulants can improve the obsessive–compulsive symptoms in addition to the ADHD-specific symptoms. To our knowledge, this is only the second case report describing a treatment with ER MPH for an adult patient with OCD and ADHD comorbidity in the literature. Further research, especially randomized controlled trials, is needed to standardize treatment options.

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A Service Evaluation to Determine the Efficacy of a Specialist Service for Adults with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Norfolk and Waveney

10.22541/au.160638135.50015481/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Danielle Wilson ◽

Lisa Riches

Keyword(s):

Adult Adhd ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Service Evaluation ◽

Research Literature ◽

Adhd Medication ◽

Specialist Service ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Comparison Results ◽

Literature Evidence ◽

The Impact

Rationale, aims & objectives: This evaluation was carried out in order to determine the efficacy of the Norfolk and Waveney Adult ADHD Service. With the service not commissioned to offer non-pharmacological support, and with a gap in the research literature, evidence on whether the service model was effective at reducing the impact of ADHD symptoms on service users was needed in order to justify longer term commissioning. Method: Case notes of 113 individuals going through their medication titration process were observed. Scores from the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS), which was routinely collected in the service pre- and post- titration onto ADHD medication, were recorded for comparison. Results: A T test revealed significant improvements in functioning across all domains of the WFIRS after successful titration onto ADHD medication. However, 19.5% of the sample disengaged from the service prior to completing titration. A further 12.5% of the sample did not complete titration due to various factors discussed. Conclusion: While medication has been shown to be effective at improving impairment of functioning in adults with ADHD, high levels of disengagement suggest that more needs to be offered to this population.

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Malingered Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales: Do Reasons for Malingering Matter?

Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment ◽

10.1177/0734282917696934 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 552-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Carolyn Cook ◽

Melissa T. Buelow ◽

Esther Lee ◽

Ashley Howell ◽

Brittni Morgan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Attention Deficit ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Rating Scales ◽

Adhd Group ◽

Adhd Symptoms ◽

Extra Time ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

The Impact ◽

Adhd Rating Scales

Malingering is a significant assessment concern in adults undergoing evaluations for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and may occur for a number of reasons, including access to medication and/or accommodations. Therefore, it is important to investigate ways to determine accuracy of self-reported ADHD symptoms. The present study used a simulation design to examine the impact of reasons for malingering on the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) Symptom subscales and the CAARS infrequency index (CII). Participants ( N = 157) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: best effort, malingering for stimulant medication, or malingering for extra time accommodations. The three groups were compared with 34 individuals reporting previous diagnosis of ADHD. Results showed that individuals in both malingering groups scored higher than controls on all CAARS subscales and CII. Individuals in the medication malingering group, but not the extra time malingering group, scored higher than the ADHD group on CII and several CAARS subscales whose content overtly reflects ADHD symptomatology. Findings emphasize the influence of malingering on self-reported ADHD symptoms and the need to assess for malingering in ADHD evaluation. Results also suggest that reason for malingering might differentially affect self-report of ADHD symptoms.

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Health related quality of life in adults with ADHD symptoms: A population survey using 15D and AAQoL

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.359 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S172-S173

Author(s):

L. Alaheino ◽

S. Leppämäki ◽

T. Partonen ◽

M. Sainio

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Adult Adhd ◽

Self Report ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Disease Specific

IntroductionHealth related quality of life (HRQoL) can be measured and compared, to give us an understanding of the impact different diseases have on health. The diagnostic tests for attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in adulthood fail to catch the diversity of ways the condition affects one's life. Disease-specific quality-of-life scales try to reach beyond the typical symptoms of the condition, to find those specific difficulties a person subjectively grades as challenging.ObjectivesTo assess the levels of general and disease-specific HRQoL in adults with ADHD-like symptoms.AimsTo understand the impact ADHD-like symptoms have on adults’ HRQoL.MethodsA random, nationwide sample of 3000 Finnish speaking citizens (aged 18-44 years) was drawn from the national population register. A subsample of 171 people, 57 screener (Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale [ASRS]) positive cases and two age- and sex-matched controls for each case, participated in a telephone interview. General HRQoL was measured with 15D, and disease-specific HRQoL with Adult ADHD Quality-of-Life (AAQoL) scale.ResultsThe 15D score was 0.866 for the screener positives, 0.943 for the controls, and 0.945 for the Finnish population reference. The difference between the screener positives and controls was significant (P < 0.001). The AAQoL sum score was worse for the screener positives than controls (61.9 vs. 82.1, P < 0.001), and all the subscales were affected accordingly.ConclusionsAdults with ADHD-like symptoms have a lower quality of life, as measured both on the general and on the condition-specific quality of life scales.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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