The Effects of Direction and Velocity of Movement, and Intra-Articular Fluid Volume on Intra-Articular Pressue

1988 ◽  
Vol 01 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Straface ◽  
P. J. Newbold ◽  
S. Nade
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Volume Of Fluid ◽  
Joint Capsule ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Structural Configuration

levels. In joints with simulated acute effusion the effect of position on IAP was dependent upon the volume of fluid in the joint. The results indicate that dynamic pressure levels in the moving knee are related to the movements of the joint. The characteristic and reproducible patterns of pressure may reflect changes in the structural configuration of the joint capsule and surrounding tissues during movement, and are influenced by the amount of fluid in the joint.

Sources of error in determinations of carnitine and acylcarnitine in plasma.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Fishlock ◽  
L L Bieber ◽  
A M Snoswell
Keyword(s):  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Volume Of Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Free Carnitine ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Total Fluid

Abstract Radioactive and nonradioactive L-carnitine and acyl-L-carnitine were used to evaluate the washing procedures used during the determination of free, total, short-chain, and long-chain acylcarnitine in human and sheep plasma. The volume of fluid trapped by the protein precipitated by perchloric acid is approximately 24% of the total fluid volume and thus contains 24% of free carnitine and short-chain acylcarnitine. Washing twice with distilled water removes about 25% of the long-chain acylcarnitine along with the trapped free carnitine and short-chain acylcarnitines. Washing the pellet twice with a 60 g/L solution of perchloric acid completely removes the trapped free carnitine and short-chain acylcarnitine but does not remove the bound long-chain acylcarnitines. Thus washing with perchloric acid is essential for accurate measurement of long-chain acylcarnitines in plasma samples.

scholarly journals Modal evaluation of fluid volume in spacecraft propellant tanks

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Mathe ◽  
KelliAnn Anderson ◽  
Amber Bakkum ◽  
Kevin Lubick ◽  
John Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Unsolved Problem ◽  
Volume Of Fluid ◽  
Experimental Modal Analysis ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Mission Design ◽  
Zero Gravity ◽  
Parabolic Flights ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Using Data

Propellant mass-gauging in unsettled (sloshing) fluids is an important and unsolved problem in spacecraft operations and mission design. In the present work, we demonstrate the efficacy of the experimental modal analysis technique in determining the volume of fluid present in model spacecraft propellant tanks undergoing significant sloshing. Using data acquired over approximately 37 minutes of time in zero-gravity conditions provided over two years of parabolic flights, we estimate the resolution of the technique at low tank fill-fractions where other mass-gauging techniques are known to fail. 

scholarly journals Simulation of Partially Filled Liquid in a Moving Tank

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1941-1944
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Unsteady Flow ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Surface Displacement ◽  
Volume Of Fluid ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Free Surface Displacement

Numerical simulations have been carried out on a rectangular tank filled partially with liquid using volume of fluid technique. The tank has been given to and fro motion in one direction. Numerical simulation has been carried for a two dimensional case having laminar and unsteady flow. The changes in free surface displacement and dynamic pressure at different times has been observed using ANSYS software. The study was conducted for two sec. It was observed that free surface displacement of fluid increases with velocity. Also, with an increase in volume of liquid the sloshing effect decreases.

Estimation of Fracture Properties by Combining DAS and DTS Measurements

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohei Sakaida ◽  
Iuliia Pakhotina ◽  
Ding Zhu ◽  
A. D. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Acoustic Signal ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Temperature Inversion ◽  
Volume Of Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Hydraulic Fractures ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Interpretation Method

Abstract Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) measurements during hydraulic fracturing treatments are used to estimate fluid volume distribution among perforation clusters. DAS is sensitive to the acoustic signal induced by fluid flow in the near-well region during pumping a stage, while DTS is sensitive to temperature variation caused by fluid flow inside the wellbore and in the reservoir. Raw acoustic signal has to be transferred to frequency band energy (FBE) which is defined as the integration of the squared raw measurements in each DAS channel location for a fixed period of time. In order to be used in further interpretation, FBE has to be averaged between several fiber-optic channels for each cluster on each time step. Based on this input, DAS allows us to consider fluid flow through perforation stage by stage during an injection period, and to evaluate the volume of fluid pumped in each cluster location as a function of time, and therefore to estimate the cumulative volume of fluid injected into each cluster. This procedure is based on a lab-derived and computational dynamics model confirmed correlation between the acoustic signal and the flow rate. At each time step, we apply the perforation/fracture noise correlation to determine the flow rate into each cluster, constrained by the requirement that the sum of the flow rates into individual clusters must equal the total injection rate at that time. On the other hand, the DTS interpretation method is based on the transient temperature behavior during the fracturing stimulation. During injection, the temperature of the reservoir surrounding the well is cooled by the injection fluid inside the well. After shut-in of stage pumping, temperature recovers at a rate depending on the injected volume of fluid at the location. The interpretation procedure is based on the temperature behavior during the warm-back period. This temperature distribution is obtained by solution of a coupled 3-D reservoir thermal model with 1-D wellbore thermal model iteratively. Once we confirm that the DAS and DTS interpretation methods provide comparable results of the fluid volume distribution, either of the interpretation results can be used as a known input parameter for the other interpretation method to estimate additional unknown such as one of the fracture properties. In this work, the injected fluid volume distribution obtained by the DAS interpretation is used as an input parameter for a forward model which computes the temperature profile in the reservoir. By conducting temperature inversion to reproduce the temperature profile that matches the measured temperature with the fixed injection rate for each cluster, we can predict distribution of injected fluid for hydraulic fractures along a wellbore. The temperature inversion shows that multiple fractures are created in a swarm pattern from each perforation cluster with a much tighter spacing than the cluster spacing. The field data from MIP-3H provided by the Marcellus Shale Energy and Environmental Laboratory is used to demonstrate the DAS/DTS integrated interpretation method. This approach can be a valuable means to evaluate the fracturing treatment design and further understand the field observation of hydraulic fractures.

Sonographic Assessment of Amniotic Fluid Volume using Single Deepest Pocket (SDP) among Igbo Women with Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancies.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Chijioke Okeudo ◽  
B.U. Ezem
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: The amniotic fluid is fundamental for proper fetal development and growth. Ultrasound visualization of the amniotic fluid permits both subjective and objective estimates of the amniotic fluid. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the reference values of normal single deepest pocket (SDP) – upper and lower limits, mean SDP and variation of the SDP with gestational age among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria extraction carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancy. Methodology: This was a prospective cross sectional study involving 400 women carrying uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and who were sure of the date of the first day of their last menstrual period. The single deepest pocket / maximum vertical pool were determined once at presentation at the hospital.. The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st 2015. The second author carried out all the scanning. The SDP was obtained. Results: The womens’ mean and median ages were the same at 28 years. The gestational age range of the pregnancies was 14-41 weeks. The mean SDP was 5.8cm, while the 5th and 95th percentiles were 3.3cm and 8.5cm respectively. There was no difference in the mean SDP in both term and preterm. There was irregular but continuous rise of mean SDP to a peak of 6.8cm at gestational age of 39 weeks. In conclusion, the participants had a mean SDP of 5.8cm. There was also a positive correlation between SDP and Gestational age. We therefore recommend a longitudinal study to assess perinatal outcome and abnormal amniotic fluid volume among Igbo women of South-Eastern Nigeria. Key words: Single Deepest Pocket, Uncomplicated Singleton Pregnancy, Igbo Women.

Homegardens of Kerala: Structural Configuration and Biodiversity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-135
Author(s):  
Dr. Allan Thomas ◽  
◽  
Dr. Sajan Kurien
Keyword(s):  
Structural Configuration

Acute reduction of cerebrospinal fluid volume prior to spinal anesthesia: implications for sensory block extent

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin F. Bjurström ◽  
Niklas Mattsson ◽  
Andreas Harsten ◽  
Nicholas Dietz ◽  
Mikael Bodelsson
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Sensory Block ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Volume
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