Information Handling

1965 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Author(s):  
R. P. Rich
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Document Retrieval ◽  
Computer Language ◽  
Computer Experience ◽  
Clerical Staff ◽  
Information Handling

This paper explains how a small research effort in document retrieval led to the development of a generally useful package of information processing programs, first for a small (IBM 1401) computer and then for a large (IBM 7094) computer, to meet the growing demand, The approach is based ori standard programs for routine operations (editing, printing, searching) on information files, supplemented by a problem-oriented computer language for programming those tasks which the standard ‘ programs will not handle.The entire package has been carefully designed so that it can easily be taught to and used by people without previous computer experience, including clerical staff.

CIF: the computer language of crystallography

2002 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. David Brown ◽  
Brian McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Computer Language ◽  
International Union ◽  
Information Handling ◽  
Crystallographic Databases ◽  
File Structure ◽  
Information File ◽  
Structure Determinations ◽  
Future Extension

The Crystallographic Information File (CIF) was adopted in 1990 by the International Union of Crystallography as a file structure for the archiving and distribution of crystallographic information. The CIF standard is now well established and is in regular use for reporting crystal structure determinations to Acta Crystallographica and other journals. The structure of CIF is flexible and extensible and is compatible with other evolving standards. It is well suited to relational and object-oriented models, and is being adopted by the crystallographic databases. This paper reviews the development of CIF and describes its salient features. Future extension of the standard to include implementation of methods will allow CIF to exploit the potential of advanced information-handling software.

Die Aufmerksamkeitsleistungen von 6-10-jährigen Kindern in der TAP

1999 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Földényi ◽  
Friederike Tagwerker-Neuenschwander ◽  
Anna Giovanoli ◽  
Urs Schallberger ◽  
Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Computer Experience ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Early School ◽  
Attentional Performance ◽  
Processing Abilities

Attentional Performance of 6-10-Year-Old Children on the TAP Abstract: The aim of the study was to establish norms for the Attention Test Battery (TAP) for children aged 6 to 10. The effects of the age, gender and computer experience of the children were analyzed and order effects were investigated. The factor structure of the test results was explored. The sample was comprised of 79 girls and 71 boys. In most of the subtests, older children showed a nonspecific reduction of their reaction times and a specific improvement in their controlled information processing abilities compared with the younger children. In some subtests, gender effects were found: Boys had faster reaction times, and made more errors. These results are compatible with the well known differences between boys and girs in the early school years in the development of attention. Therefore, it would make sense to establish separate norms for boys and girls. Computer experience had no effect on the test results of the children. The factore analysis provided evidence that it is possible even in children to differenciate between various aspects of attention. The test results showed order effects. Therefore it would be important to conduct the subtests in a standardized order.

Psychology of Computer Use: II. Sex Differences in Prediction of Course Grades in a Computer Language Course

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 627-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faye H. Dambrot ◽  
S. Marc Silling ◽  
Avery Zook
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Assembly Language ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Computer Attitudes ◽  
Computer Language ◽  
Computer Experience ◽  
Course Grades ◽  
Mathematics Aptitude ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Assembly Language Programming

This study investigated the effects of sex, computer aptitude, computer attitudes, computer experience, mathematics aptitude, and mathematics experience on the prediction of course grades in a computer language course. The sample consisted of 119 women and 73 men who completed an assembly-language programming course at a midwestern state university. While men in general had higher mathematics aptitude and computer aptitude, women received higher course grades in the computer language course. Students who failed the course were significantly lower in computer aptitude, computer experience, mathematics aptitude, mathematics experience, and high school GPA. A discriminant analysis for the total sample correctly classified passing and failing students at 81.1% accuracy rate. A short test of computer aptitude significantly added to high school grades and mathematics experience in a regression analysis of course grades. Computer attitudes were not related to course grades.

Language processing is not a race against time

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giosuè Baggio ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Language System ◽  
Moderating Factors

AbstractWe agree with Christiansen & Chater (C&C) that language processing and acquisition are tightly constrained by the limits of sensory and memory systems. However, the human brain supports a range of cognitive functions that mitigate the effects of information processing bottlenecks. The language system is partly organised around these moderating factors, not just around restrictions on storage and computation.

Ruthenium red and alcian blue effects on outer structures of methanotrophic bacteria

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
T.A. Fassel ◽  
M.J. Schaller ◽  
C.C. Remsen
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Methanotrophic Bacteria ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Methylosinus Trichosporium ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Methylomonas Albus ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Outer Cell Wall

Methane, a contributor to the “greenhouse effect”, is oxidized in the natural environment by methanotrophic bacteria. As part of a comprehensive research effort, we have been examining the ultrastructure of methanotrophs. These microorganisms have complex outer cell wall structures similar to those frequently found in other chemol itho- trophic bacteria. (1,2)In our work, we have focused on the “type” strains of Methylomonas albus BG8 and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b. Between Spurr and LR White embedding resins, we found a difference 1n the preservation of an outer cup layer of BG8 external to the peripheral membranes. Cells from the same sample embedded in Spurr consistently lacked this feature (FIG. 1). This effect was overcome by an en bloc ruthenium red (RR) protocol that resulted in successful retention of the cup layer in Spurr resin (FIG. 2). For OB3b cells, the en bloc RR protocol resulted in an exterior bead feature distinguishable in thin section (FIG. 4) that previously was seen only by SEM.

Case Studies for Telepractice in AAC

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Rose Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Computer Experience ◽  
Access Methods ◽  
Complex Communication Needs ◽  
Barriers To Service ◽  
Communication Needs

As the field of telepractice grows, perceived barriers to service delivery must be anticipated and addressed in order to provide appropriate service delivery to individuals who will benefit from this model. When applying telepractice to the field of AAC, additional barriers are encountered when clients with complex communication needs are unable to speak, often present with severe quadriplegia and are unable to position themselves or access the computer independently, and/or may have cognitive impairments and limited computer experience. Some access methods, such as eye gaze, can also present technological challenges in the telepractice environment. These barriers can be overcome, and telepractice is not only practical and effective, but often a preferred means of service delivery for persons with complex communication needs.

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