A Medical Informatics Perspective on Health Informatics 3.0

SummaryTo summarize current advances of the so-called Web 3.0 and emerging trends of the semantic web.We provide a synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2011, from which we attempt to derive a synthetic overview of the today’s and future activities in the field.while the state of the research in the field is illustrated by a set of fairly heterogeneous studies, it is possible to identify significant clusters. While the most salient challenge and obsessional target of the semantic web remains its ambition to simply interconnect all available information, it is interesting to observe the developments of complementary research fields such as information sciences and text analytics. The combined expression power and virtually unlimited data aggregation skills of Web 3.0 technologies make it a disruptive instrument to discover new biomedical knowledge. In parallel, such an unprecedented situation creates new threats for patients participating in large-scale genetic studies as Wjst demonstrate how various data set can be coupled to re-identify anonymous genetic information.The best paper selection of articles on decision support shows examples of excellent research on methods concerning original development of core semantic web techniques as well as transdisciplinary achievements as exemplified with literature-based analytics. This selected set of scientific investigations also demonstrates the needs for computerized applications to transform the biomedical data overflow into more operational clinical knowledge with potential threats for confidentiality directly associated with such advances. Altogether these papers support the idea that more elaborated computer tools, likely to combine heterogeneous text and data contents should soon emerge for the benefit of both experimentalists and hopefully clinicians.

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Findings from the Yearbook 2010 Section on Decision Support Systems

Yearbook of Medical Informatics ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1638689 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 19 (01) ◽

pp. 55-57

Author(s):

P. Ruch ◽

Keyword(s):

Decision Support ◽

Decision Support Systems ◽

Large Scale ◽

Support Systems ◽

Medical Decision ◽

Biomedical Data ◽

Care Providers ◽

Medical Decision Support ◽

Excellent Research ◽

Medical Decision Support Systems

Summary Objective: To summarize current excellent research in the field of computer-based decision support systems in health and healthcare. Methods: We provide a synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2010, from which we attempt to derive a synthetic overview of the activity and new trends in the field. Results: While the state of the research in the field of medical decision support systems is illustrated by a set of fairly heterogeneous studies, it is possible to identify trends. Thus, clearly, the importance of studies related to computerized prescription order entry (CPOE) systems and guidelines management systems for both medical decision making and care providers, occupies a central role in the field, with application affecting also EHR vendors. In parallel, we observe translational interests for developing bridges with results generated by molecular biology, where the mass of data generated by high/ throughput experiments and large-scale genome analysis projects, raises specific processing challenges. Conclusions: The best paper selection of articles on decision support shows examples of excellent research on methods concerning original development as well as quality assurance of previously reported studies. This selected set of scientific investigations demonstrates the needs for computerized applications to transform the biomedical data overflow into more operational clinical knowledge. Altogether these papers support the idea that more elaborated computer tools, likely to combine heterogeneous contextual contents, are needed.

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Unlocking the Potential of Electronic Health Records for Translational Research

Yearbook of Medical Informatics ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1639444 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 21 (01) ◽

pp. 135-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y. L. Yip ◽

Keyword(s):

Electronic Health Records ◽

Translational Research ◽

Large Scale ◽

Association Studies ◽

System Level ◽

Biomedical Knowledge ◽

Health Records ◽

Excellent Research ◽

Electronic Health ◽

Translational Informatics

SummaryTo review current excellent research and trend in the field of bioinformatics and translational informatics with direct application in the medical domain.Synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2012.Six excellent articles were selected in this Yearbook’s section on Bioinformatics and Translational Informatics. They exemplify current key advances in the use of patient information for translational research and health surveillance. First, two proof-of-concept studies demonstrated the cross-institutional and -geographic use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) for clinical trial subjects identification and drug safety signals detection. These reports pave ways to global large-scale population monitoring. Second, there is further evidence on the importance of coupling phenotypic information in EHR with genotypic information (either in biobank or in gene association studies) for new biomedical knowledge discovery. Third, patient data gathered via social media and self-reporting was found to be comparable to existent data and less labor intensive. This alternative means could potentially overcome data collection challenge in cohort and prospective studies. Finally, it can be noted that metagenomic studies are gaining momentum in bioinformatics and system-level analysis of human microbiome sheds important light on certain human diseases.The current literature showed that the traditional bench to bedside translational research is increasing being complemented by the reverse approach, in which bedside information can be used to provide novel biomedical insights.

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A Bio-Medical Informatics Perspective on Human Factors

Yearbook of Medical Informatics ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1638581 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 17 (01) ◽

pp. 41-43

Author(s):

P. Ruch ◽

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Interpersonal Communication ◽

Medical Informatics ◽

Large Scale ◽

Biomedical Data ◽

Scientific Investigations ◽

Working Environments ◽

Excellent Research ◽

Medical Order ◽

High Throughput Experiments

Summary Objectives To summarize current excellent research in the field of human factors. MethodsWe provide a synopsis of the articles selected for the IMIA Yearbook 2008, from which we attempt to derive a synthetic overview of the activity and new trends in the field. Results while the state of the research in the field of human factors is illustrated by a set of fairly heterogeneous studies, it is possible to identify trends. Thus, clearly, the importance of issues related to medical order entry, which also founded human factors studies in medical informatics, still occupies a central role in the field. In parallel, we observe an emerging interest for human factors from the field of bioinformatics, where the mass of data generated by high/ throughput experiments and large-scale genome analysis projects, raises specific processing challenges. Such challenges will have to be addressed to achieve post-genomics era medicine. Conclusions The best paper selection of articles on human factors shows examples of excellent research on methods concerning original development as well as quality assurance of previously reported studies. The crucial role of preserving interpersonal communication among healthcare staff in computerized working environments is complemented by more original scientific investigations, which demonstrate the needs for computerized applications to transform the biomedical data overflow into more operational clinical knowledge. Altogether these papers support the idea that more elaborated computer tools, likely to combine contextual contents, are needed.

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ProGen:Provenance database generator for large-scale data set

Journal of Computer Applications ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1087.2008.02737 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 28 (11) ◽

pp. 2737-2740

Author(s):

Xiao ZHANG ◽

Shan WANG ◽

Na LIAN

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Data Set ◽

Large Scale Data ◽

Scale Data

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Integrative Data Analysis from a Unifying Research Synthesis Perspective

10.1093/oso/9780190676001.003.0020 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Eun-Young Mun ◽

Anne E. Ray

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Large Scale ◽

Research Synthesis ◽

Alcohol Intervention ◽

Data Set ◽

Integrative Data Analysis ◽

Level Data ◽

Model Complex ◽

Wide Range ◽

Individual Participant

Integrative data analysis (IDA) is a promising new approach in psychological research and has been well received in the field of alcohol research. This chapter provides a larger unifying research synthesis framework for IDA. Major advantages of IDA of individual participant-level data include better and more flexible ways to examine subgroups, model complex relationships, deal with methodological and clinical heterogeneity, and examine infrequently occurring behaviors. However, between-study heterogeneity in measures, designs, and samples and systematic study-level missing data are significant barriers to IDA and, more broadly, to large-scale research synthesis. Based on the authors’ experience working on the Project INTEGRATE data set, which combined individual participant-level data from 24 independent college brief alcohol intervention studies, it is also recognized that IDA investigations require a wide range of expertise and considerable resources and that some minimum standards for reporting IDA studies may be needed to improve transparency and quality of evidence.

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Financial distress determinants among SMEs: empirical evidence from Sweden

Journal of Economic Studies ◽

10.1108/jes-01-2019-0030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 547-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Darush Yazdanfar ◽

Peter Öhman

Keyword(s):

Financial Crisis ◽

Financial Distress ◽

Large Scale ◽

Global Financial Crisis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Data Availability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Data Set ◽

Content Type ◽

The Global Financial Crisis

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to empirically investigate determinants of financial distress among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) during the global financial crisis and post-crisis periods.Design/methodology/approachSeveral statistical methods, including multiple binary logistic regression, were used to analyse a longitudinal cross-sectional panel data set of 3,865 Swedish SMEs operating in five industries over the 2008–2015 period.FindingsThe results suggest that financial distress is influenced by macroeconomic conditions (i.e. the global financial crisis) and, in particular, by various firm-specific characteristics (i.e. performance, financial leverage and financial distress in previous year). However, firm size and industry affiliation have no significant relationship with financial distress.Research limitationsDue to data availability, this study is limited to a sample of Swedish SMEs in five industries covering eight years. Further research could examine the generalizability of these findings by investigating other firms operating in other industries and other countries.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine determinants of financial distress among SMEs operating in Sweden using data from a large-scale longitudinal cross-sectional database.

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Relationship between large-scale ionospheric field-aligned currents and electron/ion precipitations: DMSP observations

Earth Planets and Space ◽

10.1186/s40623-020-01286-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chao Xiong ◽

Claudia Stolle ◽

Patrick Alken ◽

Jan Rauberg

Keyword(s):

Time Distribution ◽

Large Scale ◽

Particle Flux ◽

Particle Energy ◽

Lower Latitude ◽

Particle Precipitation ◽

Data Set ◽

The Mean ◽

Two Parameters ◽

Meteorological Satellite

Abstract In this study, we have derived field-aligned currents (FACs) from magnetometers onboard the Defense Meteorological Satellite Project (DMSP) satellites. The magnetic latitude versus local time distribution of FACs from DMSP shows comparable dependences with previous findings on the intensity and orientation of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) By and Bz components, which confirms the reliability of DMSP FAC data set. With simultaneous measurements of precipitating particles from DMSP, we further investigate the relation between large-scale FACs and precipitating particles. Our result shows that precipitation electron and ion fluxes both increase in magnitude and extend to lower latitude for enhanced southward IMF Bz, which is similar to the behavior of FACs. Under weak northward and southward Bz conditions, the locations of the R2 current maxima, at both dusk and dawn sides and in both hemispheres, are found to be close to the maxima of the particle energy fluxes; while for the same IMF conditions, R1 currents are displaced further to the respective particle flux peaks. Largest displacement (about 3.5°) is found between the downward R1 current and ion flux peak at the dawn side. Our results suggest that there exists systematic differences in locations of electron/ion precipitation and large-scale upward/downward FACs. As outlined by the statistical mean of these two parameters, the FAC peaks enclose the particle energy flux peaks in an auroral band at both dusk and dawn sides. Our comparisons also found that particle precipitation at dawn and dusk and in both hemispheres maximizes near the mean R2 current peaks. The particle precipitation flux maxima closer to the R1 current peaks are lower in magnitude. This is opposite to the known feature that R1 currents are on average stronger than R2 currents.

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Galaxy spin direction distribution in HST and SDSS show similar large-scale asymmetry

Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia ◽

10.1017/pasa.2020.46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

Author(s):

Lior Shamir

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Spiral Galaxies ◽

Hubble Space Telescope ◽

Gravitational Interaction ◽

Large Data ◽

Sloan Digital Sky Survey ◽

Data Sets ◽

Dipole Axis ◽

Data Set ◽

The Asymmetry

Abstract Several recent observations using large data sets of galaxies showed non-random distribution of the spin directions of spiral galaxies, even when the galaxies are too far from each other to have gravitational interaction. Here, a data set of $\sim8.7\cdot10^3$ spiral galaxies imaged by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is used to test and profile a possible asymmetry between galaxy spin directions. The asymmetry between galaxies with opposite spin directions is compared to the asymmetry of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The two data sets contain different galaxies at different redshift ranges, and each data set was annotated using a different annotation method. The results show that both data sets show a similar asymmetry in the COSMOS field, which is covered by both telescopes. Fitting the asymmetry of the galaxies to cosine dependence shows a dipole axis with probabilities of $\sim2.8\sigma$ and $\sim7.38\sigma$ in HST and SDSS, respectively. The most likely dipole axis identified in the HST galaxies is at $(\alpha=78^{\rm o},\delta=47^{\rm o})$ and is well within the $1\sigma$ error range compared to the location of the most likely dipole axis in the SDSS galaxies with $z>0.15$ , identified at $(\alpha=71^{\rm o},\delta=61^{\rm o})$ .

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