Factors Regulating Plasma Protein Synthesis IV. Influence of Fragments D and E on Plasma Fibrinogen Concentration

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bocci ◽  
T Conti ◽  
M Muscettola ◽  
A Pacini ◽  
G. P Pessina
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration

SummaryRabbit fibrinogen digest products (FDP) have been separated by Pevikon block electrophoresis yielding fragments D, E and other unidentified FDP.The fragments were injected into rabbits. Surprisingly, as little as 4.3 mg of fragment D elicited a significant increase in plasma fibrinogen concentration 24 hr after injection. The stimulating activity of fragment D is at least 10-fold higher than that of fragment E.

Some Factors Influencing Metabolism and Distribution of Fibrinogen in Man and Rabbits

1977 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsiang Chen ◽  
E. B Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Fractional Catabolic Rate ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Catabolic Rate ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Made In

SummaryTo shed some light on the homeostatic regulation of plasma fibrinogen, metabolic studies were made in healthy females, and in normal, thyroidectomized, and thyroxine-treated rabbits. In females, compared with normal males, plasma fibrinogen concentration, plasma and interstitial fibrinogen decreased consequent to an increased fractional catabolic rate and a normal fibrinogen synthesis rate. The interstitial/plasma fibrinogen ratio remained unchanged. In normal rabbits, with increasing body weight fractional catabolic rate and catabolic rate decreased, while fibrinogen concentration and plasma fibrinogen remained constant owing to a simultaneous decrease in fibrinogen synthesis. In addition, fractional transcapillary transfer rate and transcapillary flux also decreased resulting in a shrinkage of interstitial fibrinogen. Thyroidectomy and thyroxine-injection markedly altered fibrinogen metabolism: thyroid hormone accelerated fibrinogen catabolism but also stimulated synthesis. The net result was an increase in plasma fibrinogen and fibrinogen concentration. The interstitial/plasma fibrinogen ratio decreased in thyroxine-treated, and increased in thyroidectomized animals. This study defines the variations of the fibrinogen system parameters in these physiologic and pathologic conditions, and illustrates some patterns of alterations in fibrinogen metabolism.

scholarly journals The acute phase response of plasma protein synthesis during experimental inflammation.

1982 ◽  
Vol 257 (17) ◽  
pp. 10271-10277 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Schreiber ◽  
G Howlett ◽  
M Nagashima ◽  
A Millership ◽  
H Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Acute Phase Response ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Experimental Inflammation

scholarly journals Protein Synthesis in Human Leukocytes and Lymphocytes: 1. Effect of Steroids and Sterols

Blood ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEYMOUR WERTHAMER ◽  
CARL HICKS ◽  
LEONARD AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Amino Acid Incorporation ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Physiologic Role

Abstract The in vitro effects of sterols, cholesterol and 3-methyl cholanthrene and steroids, cortisol, prednisolone and testosterone on protein synthesis in separate popultions of human lymphocytes and leukocytes has been investigated. It has been shown that all agents used result in the inhibition of protein synthesis under these conditions. It has also been shown that the inhibitory mechanism of the steroid hormones requires the presence of plasma, presumably as a protein binding factor in order to achieve its effect. The sterol, cholesterol and 3-methyl cholanthrene, in the absence of plasma, still inhibit amino acid incorporation. However, in the case of cholesterol, the magnitude of inhibition is lower than that observed in the presence of plasma, perhaps indicating a partial plasma dependence. The results presented therefore support the hypothesis that the inhibition of lymphocyte protein synthesis by steroid hormones occurs only when the steroid is bound to a plasma protein. The physiologic role of the plasma protein-cortisol complex and its relation to the condition of lymphopenia in man is discussed.

scholarly journals Differential effects of insulin deprivation and systemic insulin treatment on plasma protein synthesis in type 1 diabetic people

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (4) ◽  
pp. E889-E897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Jaleel ◽  
Katherine A. Klaus ◽  
Dawn M. Morse ◽  
Helen Karakelides ◽  
Lawrence E. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Protein Gel ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels

It remains to be determined whether systemic insulin replacement normalizes synthesis rates of different plasma proteins and whether there are differential effects on various plasma proteins. We tested a hypothesis that insulin deprivation differentially affects individual plasma protein synthesis and that systemic insulin treatment may not normalize synthesis of all plasma proteins. We measured synthesis rates of 41 plasma proteins in seven each of type 1 diabetic (T1DM) and nondiabetic participants (ND) using [ ring-13C6]phenylalanine as a tracer. T1DM were studied while on chronic insulin treatment and during 8 h insulin deprivation. Insulin treatment normalized glucose levels, but plasma insulin levels were higher during insulin treatment than during insulin deprivation in T1DM and ND. Individual plasma proteins were purified by affinity chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Only 41 protein gel spots from over 300 were chosen based on their protein homogeneity. Insulin deprivation and hyperglycemia either significantly increased ( n = 12) or decreased ( n = 12) synthesis rates of 24 of 41 plasma proteins in T1DM compared with ND. Insulin treatment normalized synthesis rates of 13 of these 24 proteins, which were altered during insulin deprivation. However, insulin treatment significantly altered the synthesis of 14 additional proteins. In conclusion, acute insulin deprivation caused both a decrease and increase in synthesis rates of many plasma proteins with various functions. Moreover, chronic systemic insulin treatment not only did not normalize synthesis of all plasma proteins but also altered synthesis of several additional proteins that were unaltered during insulin deprivation.

Effects of smoking and abstention from smoking on fibrinogen synthesis in humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsty A. HUNTER ◽  
Peter J. GARLICK ◽  
Iain BROOM ◽  
Susan E. ANDERSON ◽  
Margaret A. McNURLAN
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Albumin Synthesis ◽  
Plasma Albumin ◽  
Concomitant Reduction ◽  
Metabolic Mechanism

Cigarette smoking and hyperfibrinogenaemia are both significant risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. Two studies are described here which aimed to establish the metabolic mechanism responsible for the raised plasma fibrinogen concentration observed in smokers. Chronic smokers had a significantly elevated absolute rate of fibrinogen synthesis (ASR) compared with non-smokers (22.7±1.3 mg/kg per day versus 16.0±1.3 mg/kg per day; means±S.E.M., P < 0.01), with plasma levels of fibrinogen significantly correlated with fibrinogen synthesis (r = 0.65, P = 0.04). Unlike fibrinogen, plasma albumin concentrations were lower in smokers than in non-smokers (45±0.4 versus 47±0.7 g/l, P < 0.05), but there was no difference in rates of albumin synthesis between the two groups. Two weeks cessation from smoking by previously chronic smokers was associated with a rapid and marked fall in plasma fibrinogen concentration (from 3.06±0.11 g/l to 2.49±0.14 g/l, P < 0.001), and a significant reduction in ASR (a 33% reduction, from 24.1±1.7 to 16.1±1.0 mg/kg per day, P < 0.001). These studies suggest a primary role for increased synthesis in producing the hyperfibrinogenaemia associated with smoking. Moreover, abstention from smoking for a period of only 2 weeks induces a significant decrease in the rate of fibrinogen synthesis by the liver, with a concomitant reduction in the plasma fibrinogen concentration.

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