Evaluation of Activity of Phospholipids in Blood Coagulation in Vitro

1963 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 164-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J Silver ◽  
D. L Turner ◽  
I Rodalewicz ◽  
N Giordano ◽  
R Holburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Beef Brain

Summary1. The effects of phospholipids, solubilized by different methods in different clotting tests are presented.2. Complete fatty acid analysis of a phosphatidylserine fraction from beef brain is given.3. Data relating electric charge of phospholipid particles to activity in clotting are presented.4. A critical discussion of the factors which influence the activity of phospholipids in blood clotting terminates the paper.

scholarly journals In Vitro Protein Digestibility and Fatty Acid Profile of Commercial Plant-Based Milk Alternatives

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Eliana Martínez-Padilla ◽  
Kexin Li ◽  
Heidi Blok Frandsen ◽  
Marcel Skejovic Joehnke ◽  
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Protein Digestibility ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Vitro Protein

Plant-based milk alternatives (PBMA) are a new popular food trend among consumers in Europe and North America. The forecast shows that PBMA will double their value by 2023. The objective of this study was to analyze the nutritional value of commercial products in terms of their fatty acid profile and protein digestibility from commercial PBMA. Eight commercially available PBMA were selected for fatty acid analysis, performed with gas chromatography of methylated fatty acids (GC-FAME), and, from these, four commercial products (almond drink, hemp drink, oat drink, and soy drink) were selected for a short-term in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) analysis. The fatty acid analysis results showed that most of the products predominantly contained oleic acid (C18:1 ω-9) and linoleic acid (C18:2 ω-6). Hemp drink contained the highest omega-6/omega-3 (ω6/ω3) ratio among all tested products (3.43). Oat drink and almond drink were the PBMA with the highest short-term protein digestibility, non-significantly different from cow’s milk, while soy drink showed the lowest value of protein digestibility. In conclusion, PBMA showed a significant variability depending on the plant source, both in terms of fatty acid composition and protein digestibility. These results provide more in-depth nutritional information, for future product development, and for consumer’s choice.

scholarly journals Influence of Microwave Frequency and Gas Humidity on the In-Vitro Blood Coagulation in Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1837
Author(s):  
Jie Yu ◽  
Li Wu ◽  
Kama Huang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

In this article, the effects of microwave frequency (2450 MHz and 5800 MHz) and gas humidity (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6% and 8%) on in vitro blood coagulation with cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) were investigated. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS, OH, O) was measured by optical emission spectra. The exposure temperature on blood droplets under treatment was below 55 °C in all cases, to avoid the thermal effect of plasma on the blood clotting. Investigations showed that, with the increase of frequency, the doses of ROS increased, the blood sample presented a more serious collapse and its surface became drier. The humidity of ionized gas can also accelerate the generation of ROS and the process of blood clotting. Our results propose a method to accelerate in vitro blood coagulation in CAPP by adjusting microwave frequency and gas humidity, and suggest a clinical benefit for plasma treatment as a coagulation device in surgery.

Anticoagulant Effect of Sulphated Poly/Vinyl Alcohol-Acrylic Acid/Copolymers

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (03) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymund Machovich ◽  
Miklós Nagy ◽  
Judit Györgyi-Edelényi ◽  
Katalin Csomor ◽  
István Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Direct Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Vitro Effect

SummaryCopolymers of poly/vinyl alcohol-acrylic acid/ with various content of sulphate and carboxyl groups have been synthetized and tested for their in vitro effect on blood coagulation. The results indicate that the sulphated copolymers display an inhibitory effect but there is a requirement in the charged groups of about 20% in the molecqle to possess effective anticoagulation. The biochemical mechanism of their actions is complex, i.e. the inhibition of blood clotting is a consequence of both (i) the accelerated inactivation rate of thrombin by antithrombin-III and (ii) a direct inhibitory effect on the thrombin-fibrinogen reaction. Moreover, additional effects may occur on other blood coagulation enzymes than thrombin, depending on the chemical composition of the copolymers.

THE CHANGES OF FACTOR VIII ANTIGEN DURING THE COAGULATION PROCESS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Tanaka ◽  
A Yoshioka ◽  
T Fujiwara ◽  
H Nakai ◽  
H Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
The Mean

The changes of factor VIII (F. VIII) during blood coagulation process is still controversial. We analyzed the F. VIII antigen (F. VIII:Ag) at various intervals of in vitro blood clotting by immunoassays using polyclonal and different kinds of monoclonal antibodies to F. VIII.We used two immunoassays, an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IRMA was performed by the method of Peake et al. using high-titer allo-antibodies to F. VIII. The ELISA was performed by two-site solid phase system consisting of alloantibodies as the first and one of three kinds of monoclonal antibodies (NMC-VIII/1, -VIII/2 or C5*) as the second antibody. Using the immunoblotting technique, it had been shown that NMC-VIII/1 recognized the 80/79 kDa derived from C-terminus and both NMC-VIII/2 and C5 recognized 54 kDa derived from N-terminus.The mean levels of F. VIII:Ag in 20 normal plasmas and sera were 0.97±0.23 U/ml and 0.68±0.21 U/ml, respectively using the polyclonal IRMA. The mean levels of F. VIII:Ag in normal sera were 0.14±0.05 U/ml (NMC-VIII/1), 0.71±0.21 U/ml (NMC-VIII/2), and 0.012±0.02 U/ml (C5) using the monoclonal ELISAs. In the initial phase of whole blood coagulation in vitro, the increase of F. VIII: Ag was observed by the polyclonal IRMA as F. VIII:C assayed by a one-stage clotting method increased. On the other hand, the F. VIII:Ag assayed by NMC-VIII/1 or C5 monoclonal ELISA progressively decreased to the serum level within 30 min. The F. VIII:Ag by NMC-VIII/2 declined to the serum level at a slow rate. In order to study the influence of thrombin on F. VIIIrAg during blood clotting, a synthesized selective thrombin inhibitor (MD-805, Mitsubishi Chemical Ind.) was previously added to the whole blood tested. The changes of F. VIII:Ag with MD-805 by the monoclonal ELISAs were almost the same as those without MD-805.It is suggested that in the whole blood coagulation process the antigenicity of F. VIII molecule changes in the initial phase (within 30 min.), but that thrombin does not play the main role of the phenomenon in physiological concentration.*C5 was kindly supplied from Dr. C. Fulcher (Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, USA)

Evidence for an Increased Generation of Prostacyclin in the Microvasculature and an Impairment of the Platelet α-Granule Release in Chronic Renal Failure

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (02) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A Kyrle ◽  
Felix Stockenhuber ◽  
Brigitte Brenner ◽  
Heinz Gössinger ◽  
Christian Korninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Chronic Uraemia ◽  
Wall Interaction ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Granule Release

SummaryThe formation of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 and the release of beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG) at the site of platelet-vessel wall interaction, i.e. in blood emerging from a standardized injury of the micro vasculature made to determine bleeding time, was studied in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure undergoing regular haemodialysis and in normal subjects. In the uraemic patients, levels of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) were 1.3-fold to 6.3-fold higher than the corresponding values in the control subjects indicating an increased PGI2 formation in chronic uraemia. Formation of thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at the site of plug formation in vivo and during whole blood clotting in vitro was similar in the uraemic subjects and in the normals excluding a major defect in platelet prostaglandin metabolism in chronic renal failure. Significantly smaller amounts of beta-TG were found in blood obtained from the site of vascular injury as well as after in vitro blood clotting in patients with chronic renal failure indicating an impairment of the a-granule release in chronic uraemia. We therefore conclude that the haemorrhagic diathesis commonly seen in patients with chronic renal failure is - at least partially - due to an acquired defect of the platelet a-granule release and an increased generation of PGI2 in the micro vasculature.

The Natural Course of Defibrination Syndrome Caused by Echis Colorata Venom in Man

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Fainaru ◽  
S Eisenberg ◽  
N Manny ◽  
C Hershko
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Thrombocyte Count

SummaryThe natural course of defibrination syndrome caused by Echis colorata venom (ECV) in five patients is reported. All patients developed afibrinogenemia within six hours after the bite. Concomitantly a depression in factor V was recorded. Factor VIII and thrombocyte count in blood were normal in most patients. In the light of the known effects of ECV on blood coagulation in vivo and in vitro it is concluded that the afibrinogenemia is due to intravascular clotting.Four patients had transient renal damage, manifested by oliguria, azotemia, albuminuria and cylindruria, ascribed to microthrombi in the renal glomeruli.After the bite, the natural course was benign, no major bleeding was observed, and all signs of coagulopathy reverted to normal within 7 days. Therefore we recommend no specific treatment for this condition. In the case of heavily bleeding patients, administration of antiserum against ECV and/or heparin should be considered.

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