Blood Viscosity and Haemostasis in the Nephrotic Syndrome

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (03) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
E McGinley ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
M Boulton-Jones ◽  
C D Forbes ◽  
C R M Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Nephrotic Syndrome ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Activity Factor

SummaryBlood viscosity and its major determinants (haematocrit, plasma viscosity and fibrinogen) as well as several haemostatic variables were measured in 21 patients with the nephrotic syndrome, and 21 controls matched for age, sex, smoking habit and serum creatinine. Blood viscosity was significantly increased in the nephrotic group, measured at a low shear rate (mean increase 41%, p<0.01) and at a high shear rate (mean increase 25%, p <0.01). Haematocrit was not significantly increased, but plasma viscosity was significantly higher (p <0.01), associated with increased plasma macroglobulins especially fibrinogen, which was increased to double the plasma concentration of the control group (p <0.01). Nephrotic subjects also had increased plasma levels of a2-macroglobulin, factor VIII activity, factor VIC antigen and beta-thromboglobulin; differences in antithrombin ID, fibrin degradation products, plasminogen, and platelet count were not significant.We suggest that increased blood and plasma viscosity may play a role in the vascular complications of the nephrotic syndrome.

Influence of Postoperative Patient-Controlled Analgesia on Hemorheology in Patients Undergoing Hip Arthroplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 (01) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Yiping Bai ◽  
Liqun Mo ◽  
Liming Luan ◽  
Daiying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Controlled Analgesia ◽  
Noninvasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity

Abstract Objective To test the hypothesis that patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) contributes to improvement of hemorheology in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Methods 120 patients, aged 60 – 75 years old, undergoing hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia, were randomly divided into group PCA (n = 60) and control group (n = 60). Patients in PCA group received PCA in postoperative 3 days. Blood samples from the median cubital vein were collected at five time points: before anesthesia (T1), after surgery (T2), 6 h after surgery (T3), 24 h after surgery (T4), 48 h after surgery (T5). Hemorheological parameters were measured, including whole blood viscosity at a high shear rate (Hηb), whole blood viscosity at a low shear rate (Lηb), reduced viscosity (ηr), plasma viscosity (ηp), hematocrit (Hct), erythrocyte aggregation index(EAI) and erythrocyte deformation index (EDI). Noninvasive blood pressure and heart rate at T1-5 and pain scoring of visual analogue scale (VAS) score at T2-5 were recorded. Results (1) Compared with T1, Hηb, Lηb, ηp, ηr decreased significantly at T3–5 with EAI decreased significantly at T5 in group PCA (p < 0.05), EDI increased significantly at T5 in group C (p < 0.05). (2) Compared with group C, Hηb, Lηb, ηp, ηr, EAI decreased significantly at T5 with Lηb concurrently decreased at T4 in group PCA (p < 0.05). Conclusion Postoperative pain may increase blood viscosity in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty, mainly via plasma viscosity, erythrocyte aggregation and rigidity, and which could be improved by postoperative PCA.

Subcutaneous Ancrod after Operation for Fractured Hip - a Dose-Ranging and Feasibility Study

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D O Lowe ◽  
J J Morrice ◽  
A Fulton ◽  
C D Forbes ◽  
C R M Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Fractured Neck Of Femur ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Dose Ranging

SummaryWe have conducted a dose-ranging and feasibility study of daily subcutaneous injections of ancrod (Arvin) as a potential antithrombotic method in 28 patients following operation for fractured neck of femur. Sustained, predictable fibrinogen depletion during the first post-operative week was induced by four different regimes. A total dose of 10 units/kg weight, given in divided doses starting on the day of operation, is suggested as a possible antithrombotic regime. Ancrod treatment produced a rise in fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products, prolongation of the thrombin clotting time, and a fall in plasminogen, plasma viscosity, blood viscosity and haematocrit-corrected blood viscosity. A rise in plasma fibrinogen and corrected blood viscosity were observed in 14 control patients. Plasma fibrinogen was correlated with plasma viscosity and corrected blood viscosity. No adverse effects of treatment occurred. Subcutaneous ancrod appears to be a simple, safe, and feasible potential antithrombotic method, and merits trials of efficacy in the prevention of post-operative thromboembolism.

Abnormal Blood Rheology in Young Male Diabetics with and without Retinopathy

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D.O. Lowe ◽  
M.M. Drummond ◽  
J.J.F. Belch ◽  
J.M. Lowe ◽  
A.C. MacCuish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Rotational Viscometer ◽  
Red Cell Deformability

We compared red cell deformability (filtration rate through 5 μ sieves), blood viscosity (rotational viscometer), haematocrit, plasma fibrinogen and plasma viscosity in young male diabetics (age <50 years) and normal controls matched for age and smoking habit. diabetics with no retinopathy or other vascular complications (n = 20) had normal red cell deformability, but increased blood viscosity at shear rates of 100s-1 (p<0.05) and is-1 (p<0. 01), due in part to moderate elevations of haematocrit, fibrinogen and plasma viscosity. Diabetics with retinopathy (n = 10) had a more marked increase in viscosity and also reduced red cell deformability (p<0.05). Increased blood viscosity is present prior to the onset of detectable vascular complications in male diabetics, while reduced red cell deformability is associated with complications.

Abnormal Blood Rheology in Young Male Diabetics With and Without Retinopathy

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lowe ◽  
M Drummond ◽  
J Belch ◽  
J Lowe ◽  
A MacCuish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Rotational Viscometer ◽  
Red Cell Deformability

We compared red cell deformability (filtration rate through 5 µ sieves), blood viscosity (rotational viscometer), haematocrit, plasma fibrinogen and plasma viscosity in young male diabetics (age ˂50 years) and normal controls matched for age and smoking habit. Diabetics with no retinopathy or other vascular complications (n = 20) had normal red cell deformability, but increased blood viscosity at shear rates of 100s-1(p ˂0. 05) and 1s-1(p ˂0. 01), due in part to moderate elevations of haematocrit, fibrinogen and plasma viscosity. Diabetics with retinopathy (n = 10) had a more marked increase in viscosity and also reduced red cell deformability (p ˂0. 05). Increased blood viscosity is present prior to the onset of detectable vascular complications in male diabetics, while reduced red cell deformability is associated with complications.

Viscosity and Red Cell Deformity in Arterial Disease

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Cella ◽  
H de Haas ◽  
M Rampling ◽  
V Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference

Haemorrheological factors have been shown to be affected in many kings of vascular disease. The present study was undertaken to correlate these factors in normal subjects and patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease. Twenty-two patients were investigated; they had moderate or severe intermittent claudication, extent of disease being confirmed by aorto-arteriography and ankle-systolic pressure studies. Twenty-five controls with no symptoms or signs of arterial disease were selected with comparable age and sex distribution. Whole blood viscosity was measured at shear rates of 230 secs-1 and 23 secs-lat 37°c using a Wells Brookfield cone plate microvisco meter. Plasma viscosity was also measured in an identical manner. Erythrocyte flexibility was measured by centrifuge technique and fibrinogen concentration as well as haematocrit by standard techniques. The fibrinogen concentration appeared to be the only significant parameter; the mean concentration in patients with peripheral vascular disease of 463 ± 73mg/l00ml in the control group ( < 0.05). Although whole blood viscosity was high in patients, when corrected to a common haematocrit, there was no significant difference between patients and controls. The same megative correlation was found for plasma viscosity. The red cell flexibility was found to be increased in patients as compared to the control group, but this effect appeared to be simply proportional to the fibrinogen concentration.

The role of hemorheological disorders in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.П. Александрова ◽  
В.И. Карандашов ◽  
А.В. Варданян
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Erythrocyte Aggregation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mechanical Resistance

Введение. Вопросы патогенеза острого панкреатита и панкреонекроза до настоящего времени остаются в центре внимания исследователей и клиницистов. До сих пор до конца не выяснена роль изменений в системе гемостаза и гемореологических нарушений в развитии этого заболевания. Цель исследования: установить роль гемореологических нарушений в патогенезе геморрагического панкреонекроза и изучить специфику механизма этих расстройств. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 29 пациентов с геморрагическим панкреонекрозом (12 женщин и 17 мужчин) в возрасте от 23 до 60 лет. Исследовали вязкость крови, показатель гематокрита, количество эритроцитов и их диаметр, агрегацию, электрофоретическую подвижность, деформируемость и механическую резистентность эритроцитов, белковый состав плазмы, содержание сиаловой кислоты в плазме и в эритроцитах, параметры липидного обмена, содержание кальция и фибриногена в крови,фибринолитическую активность крови и агрегационную активность тромбоцитов, гемокоагуляционная активность исследована методом тромбоэластографии. Для определения нормальных значений исследованных показателей было обследовано 15 практически здоровых лиц (7 женщин и 8 мужчин). Результаты. У больных панкреонекрозом самым грубым нарушениям подвергаются эритроциты: их механическая резистентность снижалась в 2 раза, объем увеличивался на 18,7%, деформируемость падала на 43,8%, количество снижалось на 8,75%, показатель гематокрита при этом оставался на уровне нормальных значений по причине увеличенного объема (сферичности) клеток; в 1,8 раза возрастала агрегация эритроцитов. Вязкость крови при скорости сдвига 1 c–1 увеличивалась в 3,3 раза, а при скорости сдвига 150 c–1 — в 1,58 раза по сравнению с нормой. Причиной повышения агрегации эритроцитов являлось снижение их электрофоретической подвижности на 35,9% из-за десиализации их мембран: концентрация сиаловой кислоты в клеточных мембранах была снижена на 20,8%, а содержание конъюгированной сиаловой кислоты в плазме увеличено в 2,25 раза по сравнению с нормальными значениями. Заключение. Гемореологические расстройства, которые возникают первоначально у больных геморрагическим панкреонекрозом как результат некротических изменений поджелудочной железы, с определенного, довольно раннего этапа сами становятся фактором патогенеза данного заболевания. Доминирующим фактором прогрессивного увеличения вязкости крови у больных панкреонекрозом является нарушение морфофункциональных и физико-химических свой ств эритроцитов на фоне высокой активности протеолитических ферментов, биологически активных аминов и крайней степени токсемии. Background. The pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis and pancreonecrosis is still the focus of researchers and clinicians. The role of hemorheological disorders in these diseases remain uncertain until now. Objectives: to define the role of hemorheological disorders in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis and to study the specifics of the mechanism of these disorders. Patients/Methods. This study included 29 patients (12 women and 17 men, age of 23 to 60 years old) with hemorrhagic pancreatic necrosis. We examined blood viscosity, hematocrit and some erythrocyte properties as count, diameter, aggregation, electrophoretic mobility, deformability and mechanical resistance; other investigated parameters were plasma protein composition, plasma and erythrocytes sialic acid concentrations, lipids, total calcium and fibrinogen concentrations, blood fibrinolytic activity, platelets aggregation activity; total hemocoagulation activity was studied with thromboelastography. Control group contained 15 practically healthy individuals (7 women and 8 men). Results. Expressed disturbances of blood rheological properties, mostly in erythrocytes were detected in patients with pancreonecrosis. Red blood cells (RBC) showed 2-times decreasing of mechanical resistance, of their volume by 18.7%, of deformability by 43.8%, of count by 8.75%. Hematocrit remained normal level due to RBC increased volume (sphericity). RBC aggregation had been increased by 1.8 times. Blood viscosity at the shear rate of 1 s–1 was increased by 3.3 times and at the shear rate of 150 s–1 by 1.58 times. Raised erythrocyte aggregation was caused by a decrease of RBC electrophoretic mobility of 35.9%. Sialic acid concentration in RBC membranes was lower of 20.8% whereas conjugated sialic acid in plasma showed increasing by 2.25 times. Conclusions. RBC morphofunctional and physicochemical disturbances cause the increase in blood viscosity in patients with pancreonecrosis. It is distinguishing feature of hemorheological disorders in hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis developing, seems, due to high activity of proteolytic enzymes and biologically active amines. Of particular importance in hemorrhagic pancreonecrosis belong to platelet involving into intravascular coagulation.

Blood and plasma viscosity of winter flounder: influence of temperature, red cell concentration, and shear rate

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 2344-2350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Graham ◽  
Garth L. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Winter Flounder ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Pseudopleuronectes Americanus ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Rate Dependent

The effects of temperature, red cell concentration, and shear rate on the viscosity of blood from the winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) were evaluated using a cone-plate viscometer. The viscosity of blood and plasma was shear rate dependent at all temperatures studied (−1 to 20 °C) with the highest values occurring at the lowest temperature and shear rate. At normal hematocrits (20%), plasma appeared to account for at least 50% of the total blood viscosity. The effects of hematocrit on viscosity were dependent on temperature. At higher temperatures (10–20 °C), increases in hematocrit resulted in a near-exponential increase in viscosity. At lower temperatures (5 °C) and shear rates (4.5 s−1) no significant increase in viscosity occurred between hematocrits of 11 and 43%. The influence of temperature and shear rate on blood viscosity suggest that winter flounder may have to contend with a fivefold increase in blood viscosity when acclimating from summer to winter water temperatures.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products correlate with bullous pemphigoid severity: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Wang ◽  
Mei Lu ◽  
Zijun Zhao ◽  
Xueting Peng ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Eosinophil Cationic Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cationic Protein ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Eosinophil Counts ◽  
D Dimer

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP), the most frequent blistering dermatosis in the elderly, is associated with increased mortality. The severity of BP can be assessed by detecting the anti-BP180 immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration, but the lab test is not available in many community clinics. BP patients are usually in a hypercoagulable state with increased levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDPs). We aimed to evaluate the use of D-dimer and FDPs in assessing BP severity. We compared the levels of plasma D-dimer, plasma FDPs, eosinophil counts, eosinophil cationic protein, and serum anti-BP180 IgG concentration between 48 typical BP patients and 33 Herpes zoster (HZ) patients (control group). Correlational analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between the lab values and common BP severity markers. The plasma D-dimer and FDP levels were higher in BP patients than in HZ controls (D-dimer: 3297 ± 2517 µg/L vs. 569.70 ± 412.40 µg/L; FDP: 9.74 ± 5.88 mg/L vs. 2.02 ± 1.69 mg/L, respectively, P < 0.0001). Significant positive correlations were found between D-dimer/FDP levels and BP severity markers (i.e. anti-BP180 IgG concentration [D-dimer: r = 0.3928, P = 0.0058; FDP: r = 0.4379, P = 0.0019] and eosinophil counts [D-dimer: r = 0.3625, P = 0.0013; FDP: r = 0.2880, P = 0.0472]) in BP patients. We also found an association between FDP and urticaria/erythema lesions (r = 0.3016, P = 0.0372), but no other BPDAI components. In 19 BP patients with complete remission after systemic glucocorticoid treatment, D-dimer and FDP levels decreased post-therapy (D-dimer: 5559 ± 7492 µg/L vs. 1738 ± 1478 µg/L; P < 0.0001; FDP: 11.20 ± 5.88 mg/L vs. 5.13 ± 3.44 mg/L; P = 0.0003), whereas they did not in BP patients with treatment resistant. Plasma D-dimer and FDP are convenient markers to evaluate BP severity assistant on BPDAI and eosinophil counts. FDP is also helpful for inflammatory lesions in BP patients.

scholarly journals Plasma Levels of D-dimer and Fibrin Degradation Products Correlate with Bullous Pemphigoid Severity: a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Wang ◽  
Mei Lu ◽  
Zijun Zhao ◽  
Xueting Peng ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bullous Pemphigoid ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background Bullous pemphigoid (BP), the most frequent blistering dermatosis in the elderly, is associated with increased mortality. The severity of BP can be assessed by detecting the anti-BP180 immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer, but the lab test is not available in many community clinics. BP patients are usually in a hypercoagulable state with increased levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDPs). ObjectivesTo evaluate the use of D-dimer and FDPs in assessing BP severity. Methods We compared the levels of plasma D-dimer, FDPs, eosinophils, and anti-BP180 IgG titer between 48 BP patients and 33 Herpes zoster (HZ) patients (control group). Correlational analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between the lab values and BP.ResultsThe plasma D-dimer and FDP levels were higher in BP patients than in HZ controls (D-dimer: 3297 ±2517 µg/L vs. 569.70 ±412.40 µg/L; FDP: 9.74 ±5.88 mg/L vs. 2.02 ±1.69 mg/L, respectively, P<0.0001). Significant positive correlations were found between D-dimer/FDP levels and BP severity markers (anti-BP180 IgG titer [D-dimer: r=0.3928, P=0.0058; FDP: r=0.4379, P=0.0019] and eosinophil counts [D-dimer: r=0.3625, P=0.0013; FDP: r=0.2880, P=0.0472]) in BP patients. We also found an association between FDP and urticaria/erythema lesions (r=0.3016, P=0.0372), but no other BPDAI components. In 19 BP patients with complete remission after systemic glucocorticoid treatment, D-dimer and FDP levels decreased post-therapy (D-dimer: 5559 ±7492µg/L vs. 1738 ±1478 µg/L; P<0.0001; FDP: 11.20 ±5.88 mg/L vs. 5.13 ±3.44 mg/L; P=0.0003), where as they did not in BP patients with treatment resistant.Conclusion Plasma D-dimer and FDP are convenient markers to evaluate BP severity.

Viscosity and Red Cell Deformity in Arterial Disease

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cella ◽  
H.A. de Haas ◽  
M. Rampling ◽  
V.V. Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity ◽  
Significant Difference

Haemorrheological factors have been shown to be affected in many kings of vascular disease. The present study was undertaken to correlate these factors in normal subjects and patients suffering from peripheral arterial disease. Twenty-two patients were investigated; they had moderate or severe intermittent claudication, extent of disease being confirmed by aorto-arteriography and ankle-systolic pressure studies. Twenty-five controls with no symptoms or signs of arterial disease were selected withcomparable age and sex distribution. Whole blood viscosity was measured at shear rates of 230 secs-1 and 23 sees-1 at 37°C using a Weils Brookfield cone plate microvisco meter. Plasma viscosity was also measured in an identical manner. Erythrocyte flexibility was measured by centrifuge technique and fibrinogen concentration as well as haematocrit by standard techniques. The fibrinogen concentration appeared to be the only significant parameter; the mean concentration in patients with peripheral vascular disease of 463 ± 73mg/100ml in the control group ( 〈 0.05). Although whole blood viscosity was high in patients, when corrected t. a common haematocrit, there was no significant difference between patients and controls The same megative correlation was found for plasma viscosity. The red cell flexibility was found to be increased in patients as compared to the control group, but this effect appeared to be simply proportional to the fibrinogen concentration.

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