Histological and Radiographic Evaluation of Equine Bone Structure after Implantation of Castor Oil Polymer

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (06) ◽  
pp. 405-412
Author(s):  
Mariana Selim ◽  
Lara Facó ◽  
Stefano Filippo Hagen ◽  
André De Zoppa ◽  
Victor Arana Chavez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Metacarpal Bones ◽  
Scanning Electron

Objective The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of a vegetal polymeric biomaterial intended for bone substitution in horses and to investigate the responses of the equine third metacarpal bone to biomaterial implantation. Materials and Methods Six horses were submitted to osteotomy on the dorsal aspect of the left and right third metacarpal bones; one bone defect was randomly selected for treatment with biopolymer, while the other was left untreated and served as a control. Bone density was monitored radiographically after surgery and bone biopsy fragments were collected at the end of the 120-day follow-up period. Biopsy fragments were analysed using light and scanning electron microscopy. Results Mean bone density values (mmAL) were greater in control defects (16.33 ± 1.6) than in polymer-treated defects (14.17 ± 1.7) at 120 days (p = 0.027). Light microscopy revealed greater percentages of new bone formation in control defects (50.15 ± 14.8) than in polymer treated defects (26.94 ± 12.1) at 120 days (p < 0.0001). Scanning electron microscopy analysis suggested a similar quality of pre-existing bone and new bone formed in the presence of biomaterial. Clinical Significance The absence of adverse reactions supports biomaterial biocompatibility and osteoconducting capacity and suggests the castor oil polymer is a suitable bone substitute for the treatment of bone defects in horses.

Do molting birds renovate their skeletons as well as their plumages? Osteoporosis during the annual molt in sparrows

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Murphy ◽  
Todd G. Taruscio ◽  
James R. King ◽  
Sharon G. Truitt
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Subtle Change ◽  
Marrow Cavity ◽  
Void Area ◽  
Scanning Electron

Four decades ago two independent investigators reported a pronounced osteoporosis during the molt in several species of birds. With the exception of reports of statistically stable dry masses of bones in molting waterfowl this cyclic osteoporosis has received little additional attention. Using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy we surveyed the tarsometatarsi and tibiotarsi of White-crowned Sparrows during winter and during the molt. A subtle change in bone metabolism appears coincident with the postnuptial molt in well-nourished White-crowned Sparrows. This is evident from (i) the appearance of the bone in cross section, (ii) decreases during the molt in bone density (g/mL), and (iii) increases during the molt in both the ratio of marrow-cavity area to total bone area and in the void area per unit area of cortical bone. Renovation of the bone during the molt in White-crowned Sparrows, however, appears either to proceed at a slower pace or to be less extensive than previously reported for other avian species.

scholarly journals Study of the biodegradation of a polymer derived from castor oil by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy

Polímeros ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Cangemi ◽  
Salvador Claro Neto ◽  
Gilberto O. Chierice ◽  
Antonia M. dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Scanning Electron

Properties and fungal biodegradation of the different cellulose derivatives structure included into castor oil-based polyurethane composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (25) ◽  
pp. 3535-3548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Oprea ◽  
Petronela Gradinariu ◽  
Veronica Oprea
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Cellulose Derivatives ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Scanning Electron

The requirement to protect the environment involves the synthesis of new polymers, blends, and composites with a high content of biodegradable components. This work studies the synthesis and biodegradation of castor oil-based polyurethanes filled with different cellulose derivatives (hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl cellulose). The polyurethane composites present a slight decrease in tensile strength and thermal stability with the increase in cellulose derivatives content. Scanning electron microscopy results showed a good dispersion of the cellulose derivatives within the polyurethane matrix. The degradation of polyurethane–cellulose derivatives by the soft rot fungus Chaetomium globosum was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and behavior of mechanical properties. The results showed that the inclusion of cellulose derivatives results in an increase in the rate of degradation. The obtained polyurethane–cellulose derivative composites have preserved their processability and mechanical resistance and exhibited enhanced biodegradability becoming useful eco-friendly polymeric materials.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Physicochemical Behaviour of Polyurethane-Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites Based on Renewable Castor Oil Polyols

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Ali ◽  
Kamal Yusoh ◽  
S. F. Hasany
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

Polyurethanes (PUs) are high performance materials, with vast industrial and engineering applications. In this research, effects of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) on physicochemical properties of Castor Oil based Polyurethanes (COPUs) were studied. MWCNTs were added in different weight percentages (0% to 1% wt) in a castor oil based polyurethane (COPUs-MWCNTs) nanocomposites. The composition, structure, and morphology of polyurethanes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and element detection by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, respectively. Thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Barrier properties and surface area studies were investigated by nitrogen permeability machine and BET technique. Mechanical properties were calculated by tensile universal testing machine. Results showed well dispersed MWCNTs in polyurethane matrix at different weight percentages. The best results were obtained with 0.3 wt% of MWCNTs in the composite. Surface area studies revealed presence of very few pores which is in a good agreement with barrier permeability, reduced up to ~68% in 1 wt% and ~70% in 0.5 wt% of MWCNTs in polymer matrix, with respect to pure COPUs samples.

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