scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury: Effect of Litigation Status on Executive Functioning—A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simi Prakash K. ◽  
Rajakumari P. Reddy ◽  
Anna R. Mathulla ◽  
Jamuna Rajeswaran ◽  
Dhaval P. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Concept Formation ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a wide range of physiological, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive sequelae. Litigation status is one of the many factors that has an impact on recovery. The aim of this study was to compare executive functions, postconcussion, and depressive symptoms in TBI patients with and without litigation. A sample of 30 patients with TBI, 15 patients with litigation (medicolegal case [MLC]), and 15 without litigation (non-MLC) was assessed. The tools used were sociodemographic and clinical proforma, executive function tests, Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptom Questionnaire, and Beck Depression Inventory. Assessment revealed that more than 50% of patients showed deficits in category fluency, set shifting, and concept formation. The MLC group showed significant impairment on verbal working memory in comparison to the non-MLC group. The performance of both groups was comparable on tests of semantic fluency, visuospatial working memory, concept formation, set shifting, planning, and response inhibition. The MLC group showed more verbal working memory deficits in the absence of significant postconcussion and depressive symptoms on self-report measures.

scholarly journals Comorbidity in adults with traumatic brain injury and all-cause mortality: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e029072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Xiong ◽  
Sara Hanafy ◽  
Vincy Chan ◽  
Zheng Jing Hu ◽  
Mitchell Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
All Cause Mortality

ObjectivesComorbidity in traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recognised to alter the clinical course of patients and influence short-term and long-term outcomes. We synthesised the evidence on the effects of different comorbid conditions on early and late mortality post-TBI in order to (1) examine the relationship between comorbid condition(s) and all-cause mortality in TBI and (2) determine the influence of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with a TBI at baseline on all-cause mortality.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesMedline, Central, Embase, PsycINFO and bibliographies of identified articles were searched from May 1997 to January 2019.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesIncluded studies met the following criteria: (1) focused on comorbidity as it related to our outcome of interest in adults (ie, ≥18 years of age) diagnosed with a TBI; (2) comorbidity was detected by any means excluding self-report; (3) reported the proportion of participants without comorbidity and (4) followed participants for any period of time.Data extraction and synthesisTwo independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed risk of bias using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Data were synthesised through tabulation and qualitative description.ResultsA total of 27 cohort studies were included. Among the wide range of individual comorbid conditions studied, only low blood pressure was a consistent predictors of post-TBI mortality. Other consistent predictors were traditional sociodemographic risk factors. Higher comorbidity scale, scores and the number of comorbid conditions were not consistently associated with post-TBI mortality.ConclusionsGiven the high number of comorbid conditions that were examined by the single studies, research is required to further substantiate the evidence and address conflicting findings. Finally, an enhanced set of comorbidity measures that are suited for the TBI population will allow for better risk stratification to guide TBI management and treatment.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017070033

Top-Down vs. Bottom-Up: A Case Series in Verbal Working Memory Treatments for Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury Deficits

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1199-1213
Author(s):  
Teryl Jean Wood ◽  
Keith Wolgemuth
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Rhythmic Language

Purpose Individuals with traumatic brain injury may suffer chronic cognitive–linguistic deficits in areas such as verbal working memory, which impede attainment of long-term rehabilitation goals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether individual rehabilitation programs focusing on cognitive skill building of memory and attention in the verbal domain may provide comparable outcomes to traditional compensatory, mnemonics-based training approaches. Method Rhythmic language training is presented as a novel therapeutic tool for targeting discrete cognitive skills that may provide specific benefits for chronic traumatic brain injury symptoms that conventional therapy programs may not. Standardized testing with the California Verbal Learning Test–Second Edition ( Delis, Kramer, Kaplan, & Ober, 2000 ) was used for pre- and posttest comparisons in 2 cases presented as a series. Electroencephalography was employed concurrently with behavioral testing to examine changes in working memory for each case. Results Posttest measurements indicated positive changes in verbal working memory occurred, but to different degrees for each participant. Conclusion The preliminary positive effects observed in standardized testing for the experimental method of rhythmic language training warrant further investigation for potential clinical applications.

scholarly journals Brain imaging correlates of verbal working memory in children following traumatic brain injury

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth A. Wilde ◽  
Mary R. Newsome ◽  
Erin D. Bigler ◽  
Jon Pertab ◽  
Tricia L. Merkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Verbal Working Memory

Verbal working memory impairments following traumatic brain injury: an fNIRS investigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Rodriguez Merzagora ◽  
Meltem Izzetoglu ◽  
Banu Onaral ◽  
Maria T. Schultheis
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Memory Impairments

Comparing Traumatic Brain Injury Symptoms Reported via Questionnaires Versus a Novel Structured Interview

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Emmert ◽  
Georgia Ristow ◽  
Michael A. McCrea ◽  
Terri A. deRoon-Cassini ◽  
Lindsay D. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Response Bias ◽  
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Reporting ◽  
Clinical Interviews

Abstract Objective: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) symptoms are typically assessed via questionnaires in research, yet questionnaires may be more prone to biases than direct clinical interviews. We compared mTBI symptoms reported on two widely used self-report inventories and the novel Structured Interview of TBI Symptoms (SITS). Second, we explored the association between acquiescence response bias and symptom reporting across modes of assessment. Method: Level 1 trauma center patients with mTBI (N = 73) were recruited within 2 weeks of injury, assessed at 3 months post-TBI, and produced nonacquiescent profiles. Assessments collected included the SITS (comprising open-ended and closed-ended questions), Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ), Sport Concussion Assessment Tool-3 (SCAT-3) symptom checklist, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form True Response Inconsistency (TRIN-r) scale. Results: Current mTBI symptom burden and individual symptom endorsement were highly concordant between SITS closed-ended questions, the RPQ, and the SCAT-3. Within the SITS, participants reported significantly fewer mTBI symptoms to open-ended as compared to later closed-ended questions, and this difference was weakly correlated with TRIN-r. Symptom scales were weakly associated with TRIN-r. Conclusions: mTBI symptom reporting varies primarily by whether questioning is open- vs. closed-ended but not by mode of assessment (interview, questionnaire). Acquiescence response bias appears to play a measurable but small role in mTBI symptom reporting overall and the degree to which participants report more symptoms to closed- than open-ended questioning. These findings have important implications for mTBI research and support the validity of widely used TBI symptom inventories.

The Benefits of TeleCognitive Training on Depressive Symptoms in Adults with Traumatic Brain Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. e105
Author(s):  
Benjamin Douglas Eschler ◽  
Asha K. Vas ◽  
Molly Keebler ◽  
Sandi Chapman ◽  
Kay Moolenijzer
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury alters the functional brain network mediating working memory

Brain Injury ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1170-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maki Kasahara ◽  
David K. Menon ◽  
Claire H. Salmond ◽  
Joanne G. Outtrim ◽  
Joana V. Taylor Tavares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Network

Prognostic Factors for Persistent Symptoms in Adults With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: an Overview of Systematic Reviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Déry ◽  
Béatrice Ouellet ◽  
Élaine de Guise ◽  
Ève-Line Bussières ◽  
Marie-Eve Lamontagne
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Overview Of Systematic Reviews

Abstract Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an increasing public health problem, because of its persistent symptoms and several functional consequences. Understanding the prognosis of a condition is an important component of clinical decision-making and can help to guide prevention of persistent symptoms following mTBI. Prognosis of mTBI has stimulated several empirical primary research papers and many systematic reviews leading to the identification of a wide range of factors. We aim to synthesize these factors to get a better understanding of their breadth and scope.Methods: We conducted an overview of systematic reviews. We searched in databases systematic reviews synthesizing evidence about prognosis of persistent symptoms after mTBI in the adult population. Two reviewers independently screened all references and selected eligible reviews based on eligibility criteria. They extracted relevant information using an extraction grid. They also rated independently the risk of bias using the ROBIS tool. We synthesized evidence into a comprehensive conceptual map to facilitate the understanding of prognostic factors that have an impact on persistent post-concussion symptoms.Results: From the 3857 references retrieved in database search, we included 25 systematic reviews integrating the results of 312 primary articles published between 1957 and 2019. We examined 35 prognostic factors from the systematics reviews. No single prognostic factor demonstrated convincing and conclusive results. However, age, sex and multiple concussions showed an affirmatory association with persistent post-concussion outcomes in systematic reviews.Conclusion: We highlighted the need of a comprehensive picture of prognostic factors related to persistent post-concussion symptoms. We believe that these prognostic factors would guide clinical decision and research related to prevention and intervention regarding persistent post-concussion symptoms.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020176676

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