overview of systematic reviews
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Cancers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Daniel Redondo-Sánchez ◽  
Dafina Petrova ◽  
Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco ◽  
Pablo Fernández-Navarro ◽  
José Juan Jiménez-Moleón ◽  
...  

In the past decade, evidence has accumulated about socio-economic inequalities in very diverse lung cancer outcomes. To better understand the global effects of socio-economic factors in lung cancer, we conducted an overview of systematic reviews. Four databases were searched for systematic reviews reporting on the relationship between measures of socio-economic status (SES) (individual or area-based) and diverse lung cancer outcomes, including epidemiological indicators and diagnosis- and treatment-related variables. AMSTAR-2 was used to assess the quality of the selected systematic reviews. Eight systematic reviews based on 220 original studies and 8 different indicators were identified. Compared to people with a high SES, people with a lower SES appear to be more likely to develop and die from lung cancer. People with lower SES also have lower cancer survival, most likely due to the lower likelihood of receiving both traditional and next-generation treatments, higher rates of comorbidities, and the higher likelihood of being admitted as emergency. People with a lower SES are generally not diagnosed at later stages, but this may change after broader implementation of lung cancer screening, as early evidence suggests that there may be socio-economic inequalities in its use.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Michels ◽  
Semi Zouiouich ◽  
Bert Vanderbauwhede ◽  
Judith Vanacker ◽  
B. Iciar Indave Ruiz ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e0811124380
Author(s):  
Cleyton Oliveira Bezerra ◽  
Rafael Marinho de Lima Paiva ◽  
Thamires Lucena da Silva ◽  
Vinicius Soares Ribeiro ◽  
Cinthia Caldas Rios ◽  
...  

The overweight and population with obesity has an increased risk of mortality from HF. However, some studies point to the existence of an "obesity paradox" where there could be a protective effect on the relative risk of death by HF in these populations with high BMI. In this way, the present study aimed to investigate obesity as a risk factor for heart failure. For this, an overview of systematic reviews was performed by selecting articles from the following databases: "Pubmed", "Scopus" and "SciElo”. A total of 615 articles were found from this initial search, leaving 59 articles for full-text reading, of which 22 articles were included for data extraction using the predefined inclusion criteria. From these 22 studies 73% were meta-analysis and 64% of the studies are of high methodological quality according to AMSTAR-2. Overweight and obesity have demonstrated a close relationship with the onset and increase of mortality by HF, studies have even been found that point to a gene interference in this relationship. In studies reporting on the obesity paradox, the results pointed to a momentary protection from mortality risk.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele A. J. De Witte ◽  
Steven Joris ◽  
Eva Van Assche ◽  
Tom Van Daele

Background: Research increasingly shows how selective and targeted use of technology within care and welfare can have several advantages including improved quality of care and active user involvement.Purpose: The current overview of reviews aims to summarize the research on the effectiveness of technology for mental health and wellbeing. The goal is to highlight and structure the diverse combinations of technologies and interventions used so far, rather than to summarize the effectiveness of singular approaches.Methods: The current overview includes reviews published in the past five years with a focus on effectiveness of digital and technological interventions targeting mental health and wellbeing.Results: A total of 246 reviews could be included. All reviews examined the effectiveness of digital and technological interventions in the context of care and welfare. A combination of two taxonomies was created through qualitative analysis, based on the retrieved interventions and technologies in the reviews. Review classification shows a predominance of reviews on psychotherapeutic interventions using computers and smartphones. It is furthermore shown that when smartphone applications as stand-alone technology are researched, the primary focus is on self-help, and that extended reality is the most researched emerging technology to date.Conclusion: This overview of reviews shows that a wide range of interventions and technologies, with varying focus and target populations, have been studied in the field of care and wellbeing. The current overview of reviews is a first step to add structure to this rapidly changing field and may guide both researchers and clinicians in further exploring the evidence-base of particular approaches.


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