Gender Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Metabolically Healthy Normal Weight Adults with Central Obesity

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 (05) ◽  
pp. 309-315
Author(s):  
Katarína Šebeková ◽  
Melinda Csongová ◽  
Radana Gurecká ◽  
Zora Krivošíková ◽  
Jozef Šebek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

AbstractWe investigated whether metabolically healthy normal weight adults with central obesity display worse cardiometabolic profile compared with their centrally lean counterparts. This retrospective, cross-sectional study, comprised 1 135 subjects (64% females) aged 18-to-81 years, presenting ≤2 components of metabolic syndrome. They were classified as centrally lean (waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)<0.5 and waist circumference<80 cm in females and<94 cm in males) or presenting central obesity (WHtR ≥0.5, regardless of waist circumference). Data on blood pressure, glucose homeostasis, lipid profile, renal function, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), uric acid, adiponectin, leptin, and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products were compared between the groups, separately in males and females. 5.7% of males and 6.9% of females presented WHtR ≥0.5. Compared with centrally lean subjects, those with central obesity had higher BMI-adjusted fasting plasma glucose (p<0.001), and leptin levels (p<0.05); females also presented higher blood pressure (p<0.001), while males had higher hsCRP concentrations (p=0.021). These changes associated with significantly higher BMI-adjusted odds to present fasting plasma glucose >5.6 mmol/l in both genders, higher odds to present hsCRP >3 mg/l in males, and those to present elevated blood pressure in females. Our analysis suggests that in metabolically healthy normal weight subjects WHtR ≥0.5 might indicate “early increased health risk”.

scholarly journals Association of cognitive dietary restraint and disinhibition with prediabetes – cross-sectional and longitudinal data of a feasibility study in German employees

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit-Christiane Zyriax ◽  
Christina Wolf ◽  
Annika Schlüter ◽  
Asad Hameed Khattak ◽  
Joachim Westenhoefer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Fasting Plasma

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of eating behaviour traits on central obesity, prediabetes and associated major dietary food patterns.DesignAssessment of eating behaviour was based on the revised German version of the Three-Eating Factor Questionnaire using cross-sectional and longitudinal data of a feasibility study in employees. Data on lifestyle and nutrition were obtained by validated self-administered questionnaires. Baseline characteristics were analysed by the univariate χ2 test or the Mann–Whitney test. To quantify correlations linear regression analysis was used.SettingThe Delay of Impaired Glucose Tolerance by a Healthy Lifestyle Trial (DELIGHT), which investigated measures to prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus in 2004–2008.SubjectsEmployees (21–64 years, 127 men, 157 women) with elevated waist circumference (men ≥94 cm, women ≥80 cm) of five medium-sized companies in northern Germany.ResultsAt baseline (T0), BMI but particularly waist circumference showed a strong inverse correlation with flexible control (P < 0·0001) and a positive correlation with disinhibition (P < 0·0001) and rigid control (P = 0·063). Flexible control was also significantly inversely related to fasting plasma glucose (P = 0·040), energy intake (P < 0·0001), intake of meat and meat products (P = 0·0001), and positively associated with intake of fruit and vegetables (P < 0·0001) at baseline (T0). Changes in flexible control within the first year of intervention (T1 v. T0) predicted changes in central obesity (P < 0·0001) and fasting plasma glucose (P = 0·025).ConclusionsDELIGHT shows that flexible control characterizes individuals with a higher dietary quality, a lower waist circumference and a lower glucose level. Enhancing flexible control more than rigid control, and decreasing disinhibition, seems beneficial in terms of central adiposity and glucose levels.

scholarly journals Association of liver enzymes levels with fasting plasma glucose levels in Southern China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e025524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Ling Huang ◽  
Dong-Hui Guo ◽  
Hui-Yan Xu ◽  
Song-Tao Tang ◽  
Xiao Xiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

ObjectiveAccording to several studies, liver enzymes levels are associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels. However, the association stratified by body mass index (BMI) remains to be elucidated, especially in Southern China. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between liver enzymes levels and FPG levels stratified by BMI in Southern China.DesignCross-sectional study.Participants and setting3056 individuals participated in real-time interviews and blood tests in Southern China. Participants were divided into three groups (underweight, normal weight and overweight or obesity) based on BMI cut-offs.Main outcome measuredPartial correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between FPG levels and liver tests. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to calculate the adjusted ORs for FPG levels based on liver enzymes levels.ResultsThere was no association between liver enzymes and FPG either in the underweight group or in the normal weight group; however, a significant correlation was observed in the overweight or obesity group (alanine transaminase (ALT), p<0.01; aspartate aminotransferase (AST), p<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the highest tertiles of ALT still remained significantly positively related to FPG levels in the overweight or obesity group, with an OR of 2.205 (95% CI 1.442 to 3.371) for the 5.56≤FPG<7.00 mmol/L vs the FPG<5.56 mmol/L group and with an OR of 2.297 (95% CI 1.017 to 5.187) for the FPG≥7.00 mmol/L vs the FPG<5.56 mmol/L group, but this correlation was not found for AST.ConclusionsThe association of liver enzymes levels with FPG levels differed based on different BMI cut-offs. ALT levels were significantly positively associated with FPG levels in the overweight or obesity group, but not in the other two groups; AST levels were not associated with FPG levels in any group.

Factors responsible for age-related elevation in fasting plasma glucose: a cross-sectional study in Japanese men

Metabolism ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kentaro Toyoda ◽  
Mitsuo Fukushima ◽  
Rie Mitsui ◽  
Norio Harada ◽  
Hidehiko Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals Prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus using fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels among individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose: a cross-sectional study in Thailand

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e041269
Author(s):  
Tullaya Sitasuwan ◽  
Raweewan Lertwattanarak
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma

ObjectivesAbout 11%–30% of individuals with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), diagnosed by the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT). This study investigated (1) the prevalence and cut-off levels for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in IFG individuals that most effectively predict the presence of T2DM diagnosed by a 75 g OGTT; (2) the predictors associated with T2DM; and (3) the pathophysiological characteristics of patients with IFG.Materials and methodsA single-centre, cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary care setting. A standard 75 g OGTT was performed on 123 subjects with IFG. Their beta-cell function and insulin resistance were calculated through plasma glucose and insulin levels monitored during the 75 g OGTT.ResultsIn the IFG subjects, the prevalence of T2DM using the 2-hour postload plasma glucose (2hPG) criterion was 28.5%. Pre-diabetes and normal glucose metabolism were found in 48.7% and 22.8%, respectively, by 75 g OGTT. An HbA1c level ≥6.0% or FPG ≥5.9 mmol/L were the optimal cut-off thresholds for the prediction of the presence of T2DM. HbA1c had a sensitivity of 76.7% and specificity of 55.7% (95% CI 57.7% to 90.1% and 95% CI 43.3% to 67.6%, respectively), while FPG had a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 23.9% (95% CI 69.7% to 95.2% and 95% CI 15.4% to 34.1%, respectively). The presence of metabolic syndrome, a higher HbA1c and higher FPG levels were associated with the risk of T2DM in the Thai IFG population.ConclusionsAlmost one-third of the people with IFG had T2DM diagnosed by the 2hPG criterion. HbA1c was more effective than FPG in predicting the presence of T2DM in the IFG subjects. IFG individuals with HbA1c≥6.0% or FPG≥5.9 mmol/L should be advised to undergo a 75 g OGTT to detect T2DM earlier than otherwise.

scholarly journals Dietary Fibre Intake in Type 2 and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis: A Nested Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
Xinye Li ◽  
Wandia Kimita ◽  
Jaelim Cho ◽  
Juyeon Ko ◽  
Sakina H. Bharmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Habitual Intake

The association between intake of dietary fibre and glucose metabolism has been extensively investigated in numerous metabolic disorders. However, little is known about this association in individuals after an attack of acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim was to investigate the associations between intake of dietary fibre and markers of glucose metabolism in individuals with new-onset prediabetes or diabetes after acute pancreatitis (NODAP), pre-exiting type 2 prediabetes or diabetes, and normoglycaemia after acute pancreatitis. This cross-sectional study was nested within the parent prospective longitudinal cohort study. The studied markers of glucose metabolism were fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin. Habitual intake of dietary fibre was determined using the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted. The study included a total of 108 individuals after AP. In the NODAP group, increased intakes of total fibre (β = −0.154, p = 0.006), insoluble fibre (β = −0.133, p = 0.01), and soluble fibre (β = −0.13, p = 0.02) were significantly associated with a reduction in fasting plasma glucose. Increased intakes of vegetables (β = −0.069, p = 0.004) and nuts (β = −0.039, p = 0.038) were significantly associated with a reduction in fasting plasma glucose. Increased intake of nuts (β = −0.054, p = 0.001) was also significantly associated with a reduction in glycated haemoglobin. None of the above associations were significant in the other study groups. Habitual intake of dietary fibre was inversely associated with fasting plasma glucose in individuals with NODAP. Individuals after an attack of AP may benefit from increasing their intake of dietary fibre (specifically, vegetables and nuts) with a view to preventing NODAP.

scholarly journals Central obesity and hypertension among rural adults of Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-252
Author(s):  
Mahua Chanak ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rural Adults

Abstract Obesity is generally classified into generalized obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) and abdominal or central obesity (WC ≥90 cm for men and WC ≥80 cm for women) based on World Health Organization recommendation for Asians. Hypertension is one of the most common obesity-related complications, and about 30% of hypertensive individuals can be classified as being obese. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of different age groups (years) on the anthropometric and derived variables. It determined the correlation between anthropometric and derived variables and also estimated the frequency of central obesity and hypertension. Finally, it investigated the relationship between central obesity and blood pressure among rural Bengalee adults of Dirghagram village of Ghatal Block, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken among 310 rural adults (154 males; 156 females) aged over 18 years. Our study was carried out during March, 2017. Height (cm), weight (kg), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm) and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) were measured using standard procedures. One way ANOVA analysis on most of the anthropometric and derived variables showed a statistically significant increase from younger to older age group in both sexes (p<0.001;p<0.01; p<0.05). In addition to that, more females had central obesity using waist circumference (55.8% vs. 19.5%), waist hip ratio (87.2% vs. 35.7%), waist height ratio (73.7% vs. 44.2%), and conicity index (87.2% vs. 57.8%) criteria, and hypertension (52.5% vs. 27.3%). The prevalence of central obesity was much higher in case of hypertensive individuals. Therefore, the present study showed a high prevalence of central obesity among the rural adults of Dirghagram village. Furthermore, central obesity contributed in increasing hypertension among the villagers.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns in Relation to Components of Dyslipidemia and Fasting Plasma Glucose in Adults with Dyslipidemia and Elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose in Taiwan

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Yin Lin ◽  
Chien-Yeh Hsu ◽  
Hsiu-An Lee ◽  
Wan-Hsiang Wang ◽  
Adi Lukas Kurniawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Dietary patterns have been proposed to be related to dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. This study investigated the correlation of dietary patterns with components of dyslipidemia and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) among young and middle-aged adults (aged between 20 and 50 years) with dyslipidemia and abnormal FPG in Taiwan. This cross-sectional study used the database compiled in Taiwan between 2001 to 2010. A total of 13,609 subjects aged between 20 and 50 years were selected. Dyslipidemia was defined primarily according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines with minor modification. Elevated FPG level was defined according to the American Diabetes Association. The factor analysis was conducted to identify three dietary patterns. Higher scores of the meat–convenience dietary pattern (high intake of deep-fried and processed food, sauces, sugar-added beverages, meat and organ meats, instant noodles, rice or flour cooked in oil, and eggs) had no association with components of dyslipidemia and abnormal FPG. Higher scores of the vegetables–fruits–seafood dietary pattern (high intake of vegetables, vegetables with oil or dressing, fruits, seafood, legumes, soy products, and rice or flour products) was inversely associated with hypercholesterolemia and positively associated with hyperglycemia. Higher scores of the dairy–complex carbohydrate dietary pattern (high intake of dairy products, milk, root crops, jam or honey, and whole grains) was inversely correlated with hypertriglycemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Our results support that the dietary pattern may have a role in the prevention and management of dyslipidemia and abnormal fasting plasma glucose.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (HS-CRP) AND GLYCEMIC MARKERS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1651-55
Author(s):  
Shehar Bano Imran ◽  
Shabnam Dildar ◽  
Sadia Taj ◽  
Afshan Khanum ◽  
Qasim Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Glycemic Markers

Objective: To determine the relationship between high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) and glycemic markers in samples of individuals with diabetes. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Fatima Memorial Hospital Lahore, from Feb to Aug 2019. Methodology: Consecutive patients aged 18-65 years coming for screening of diabetes mellitus (DM) were included. Blood sample for plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) were analyzed. Results: Total 93 subjects were included, out of which 42 (45.2%) were males and 51 (54.8%) were females with the mean age of 48.3 ± 12 years and 42.6 ± 14 years respectively. Median concentration of hs-CRP in males and females was 0.7 (IQR1.2) mg/L and 0.6 (IQR1.4) mg/L (p-value=0.844) respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between hs-CRP levels, HBA1c with r=0.205 (p=0.05) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with r=0.225 (p=0.03). However, no significant relationship was found between hs-CRP and age, BMI, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol. Conclusion: HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose is significantly associated with hs-CRP. This implies a significant relation between inflammation and glycemic markers. This leads to the conclusion that patients with diabetes and high hs-CRP need further evaluation, follow-up and therapy for inflammation compared to those with low hs-CRP.

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