Financial Crises and Liquidity Traffic Jams

2015 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Andria van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
Traffic Jams

Antitrust Law Amidst Financial Crises

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Kokkoris ◽  
Rodrigo Olivares-Caminal
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
Antitrust Law

Basel Capital Adequacy Ratio Standard in The Light of Islamic Law Perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 308-317
Author(s):  
Adi Rahmanur Ibnu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Capital Requirements ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Minimum Capital ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Global Banking ◽  
Banking Development

Bank is one of the most important pillars of economy activities. However, banking sector has a real potential crisis threat. Alongside with the steady current global banking development, financial crises that have happened clearly affected global economy. Based on that situation, BIS (Bank for International Settlement) – an international financial standard setting organization, realizes the urgency to establishan international financial standard and supervision to anticipate future potential financial crises. This research aims to identify how Capital Adequacy Ratio Standard in Basel Capital Accord (II) based on Islamic law perspective. The research is conducted by analyzing Basel Capital Accord published by BIS. The research uses library research method to find out the aimed result. The focus is on the 1st pillar of Basel II publication that is Minimum Capital Requirements (CAR) policy. CAR, as an Islamic economics policy, will be analyzed using falāḥ approach. Falāḥ is an Islamic economics objective that consists of happiness, success, accomplishment or good luck concept. The earthly dimension of falāḥ has some parameters that can be used to analyze Islamic economics policy. Additionally, the Islamic fiqh maxim takes part in analyzing the policy. The maṣlaḥat concept in fiqh maxim approach shares aim with falāḥ concept in the sense that all of sharia law aims for success, happiness, eternal survival etc. The maṣlaḥat can be accomplished by extinguishing mafsadat or seizing maṣlaḥat. The maṣlaḥat aspect is essential to determine the compatibility Basel Capital Accord with jurisprudential maxim i.e harm must be dispelled (al-dharāru yuzāl). The conclusion results are, 1) Basel Capital Accord focuses on macro-prudential aspect in order to anticipate potential financial crises, 2) beneficial/interest (maṣlaḥat) aspects of the hereafter, cooperation principle, justice, fairness and the prohibition of exploitation are not the core value of Basel Capital Accord frame work, thus 3) the achievement of maslahat as intended by sharia i.e. jurisprudential maxim are not convincing. Therefore, 4) Basel Capital Accord as a regulation basis is not in line with jurisprudential maxim i.e harm must be dispelled (al-dharāru yuzāl).

Analisis Kandungan Mikroba, Formalin, dan Timbal (Pb) pada Tahu Sumedang yang Dijual Di Daerah Macet Cicurug, Ciawi, dan Cisarua Jawa Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 087
Author(s):  
Rosy Hutami ◽  
M Fakih Kurniawan ◽  
Henna Khoerunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Aas Method

Sumedang tofu is one of favorite foods for Indonesian society. But many sellers or producers are not aware to the food safety of sumedang tofu. The aims of this study were to analyze the microbial, formalin, and lead (Pb) contents in ready-to-eat sumedang tofu which were sold in traffic jams area in Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua. The analysis were carried out by Total Plate Count (TPC) testing for microbial analysis, potassium permanganate reaction (KMnO4) testing for formaldehyde analysis, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) method for lead content analysis in the samples. The results obtained for the microbial analysis were sumedang tofu that were sold in the traffic jam areas of Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua contained contaminant above the treshold (1.4 x 105 colonies / gram to 2.2 x 105 colonies / gram of microbes). All of the samples of sumedang tofu were positive containing formaldehyde. Otherwise, there were no lead (Pb) content in all samples regarding to AAS analysis. This study concluded that the ready-to-eat sumedang tofu those were sold in traffic jam area in the Cicurug, Ciawi, and Cisarua were not suitable for consumption because it contained exceed microbial contamination and formalin which are harmful for human health.Keywords : formalin, microbes, sumedang tofu, lead, traffic jam

Complex Solution of Ecological and Economic Problems of Traffic Jams

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Matsenko ◽  
Yaroslav S. Kovalev ◽  
Olena M. Tkachenko ◽  
Yaroslava V. Chorna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Flows Over Time

The article explores the congestion level in traffic of motor vehicles and its negative environmental and economic consequences in case of Kiev. The amount of pollution from traffic jams in Kiev and the number of vehicles which got into them in 2009-2018 is analyzed. The loss of earnings on the side of automobile owners from their standby are calculated with corresponding quantitative expressions found and described. For the course of the research, the methods of system-structural and comparative analysis were used for analyzing the environmental and economic problems of modern automobile systems; methods of formal logical analysis were used for substantiating the innovative infrastructure of transport routes. Separately economic and statistical methods were used in the study for trends development, structure analysis, and estimation of the influence of road congestion on the environmental and economic sphere. Pearson test has indicated a close relationship between the number of cars in Kiev and the number of values from traffic jams in environmental and economic sphere. Solutions to this problem are offered in forms of automated traffic control systems, improvisation of organizational and technical methods for the distribution of traffic flows over time, namely reverse traffic, road junctions, smart traffic lights, road extension, and the transition to alternative modes of transport. In all countries of the world there are new research methods that affect pollutants from motor vehicles. It is proved that they are forced by the recipients. In addition, landscaping can improve landscape design, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, surface water runoff and noise pollution. In this regard the policy implication of the research are aimed to eliminate the negative consequences from the use of vehicles during traffic jams, and the necessary number of trees for planting in Kiev is calculated. Key words: motor transport, congestion, traffic jam, motor vehicle, greening, compensation effect, lost profits, losses.

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