Complex Solution of Ecological and Economic Problems of Traffic Jams

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Matsenko ◽  
Yaroslav S. Kovalev ◽  
Olena M. Tkachenko ◽  
Yaroslava V. Chorna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Economic Sphere ◽  
Flows Over Time

The article explores the congestion level in traffic of motor vehicles and its negative environmental and economic consequences in case of Kiev. The amount of pollution from traffic jams in Kiev and the number of vehicles which got into them in 2009-2018 is analyzed. The loss of earnings on the side of automobile owners from their standby are calculated with corresponding quantitative expressions found and described. For the course of the research, the methods of system-structural and comparative analysis were used for analyzing the environmental and economic problems of modern automobile systems; methods of formal logical analysis were used for substantiating the innovative infrastructure of transport routes. Separately economic and statistical methods were used in the study for trends development, structure analysis, and estimation of the influence of road congestion on the environmental and economic sphere. Pearson test has indicated a close relationship between the number of cars in Kiev and the number of values from traffic jams in environmental and economic sphere. Solutions to this problem are offered in forms of automated traffic control systems, improvisation of organizational and technical methods for the distribution of traffic flows over time, namely reverse traffic, road junctions, smart traffic lights, road extension, and the transition to alternative modes of transport. In all countries of the world there are new research methods that affect pollutants from motor vehicles. It is proved that they are forced by the recipients. In addition, landscaping can improve landscape design, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, surface water runoff and noise pollution. In this regard the policy implication of the research are aimed to eliminate the negative consequences from the use of vehicles during traffic jams, and the necessary number of trees for planting in Kiev is calculated. Key words: motor transport, congestion, traffic jam, motor vehicle, greening, compensation effect, lost profits, losses.

scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN SIMULASI PENGENDALI LAMPU LALU LINTAS PADA PERSIMPANGAN DENGAN LIMA JALUR

Jurnal Teknik ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahma Farah Ningrum ◽  
Rosidah Rosidah ◽  
Puji Puji
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Time Delays ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Traffic Light Control ◽  
The Right

The imbalance between the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles in urban cities in Indonesia and the available transportation infrastructure, such as the capacity of the road,  has created more congestions or traffic jams . The congestions that  mostly occur at inter-sections or crossroads can cause several problems in terms of time delays, cost, health and environment issues due to air pollution. The traffic jams can be reduced by imposing the right traffic control.. One of the solutions to optimize the traffic condition at intersections is by controlling the traffic lights. Each traffic light at an intersection needs to have different set of green and red periods based on the current traffic condition. The purpose of this paper is to simulate the traffic condition at an intersection with 5  lines. The simulation can be used to display the results of the traffic light control possibilities on each line.  Keywords : traffic light, traffic control, simulation

No Turns Allowed: Controlling Vehicles Turning in Front of Light Rail Vehicles

2000 ◽  
Vol 1704 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I. Farrán
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Mode Of Transportation

A key attribute of light rail transit (LRT) is its ability to integrate well into urban environments, sharing the public right-of-way with motor vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. This characteristic has made LRT very successful in urban corridors that require a high-capacity mode of transportation operating in a shared (on-street or mall) right-of-way environment. Although LRT is an inherently safe mode of transportation, accidents do occur. Such accidents negatively affect not only the parties involved, but also the operation of the entire LRT system and the reputation of the transit property. LRT accident data indicate that the most prevalent type of light rail vehicle (LRV)-motor vehicle accident occurs when motor vehicles turn left or right across LRT tracks and collide with an LRV rapidly approaching the intersection. Five of the most-common types of such accidents are identified, and traffic control devices and techniques are recommended to improve safety by conveying to the motorist the higher level of risk in violating a left or right turn signal prohibition.

scholarly journals Development of intelligent system for automated traffic control

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Yelena Revyakina ◽  
Larissa Cherckesova ◽  
Olga Safaryan ◽  
Vitaliy Porksheyan ◽  
Tatyana Nikishina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Control System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Artificial Neural

This article is devoted to the issue of regulating traffic congestion in major cities of the world using artificial neural networks. Research is aimed at developing import – substituting automated intelligent system that uses artificial neural network to make decisions to optimize traffic congestion by changing the duration of light phases of traffic lights. Multilayer perceptron with sigmoidal activation function is used as neural network. The article describes developing stages of intelligent automated traffic control system that using artificial neural networks allows making informed decisions based on extensive analysis of available information, as well as constantly adapt it to incoming external influences that lead to non – equilibrium state. Practical application of the proposed system is expressed in unloading road sections adjacent to highway; reducing the number of traffic jams in the lanes or reducing the length of the car queue; automating traffic control and reducing the number of emergency cases that require inspection personnel to leave for manual control. System allow improving overall traffic situation by avoiding cascading traffic jams on adjacent sections; prevention of accidents and conflicts between motorists and pedestrians; improving the reliability of adjustment and reducing cost of maintenance infrastructure.

scholarly journals Survivability factors for Canadian cyclists hit by motor vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Simon Demers
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Lasso Regression ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Strong Winds ◽  
Selection Operator ◽  
Reported Data

Police-reported data from Transport Canada’s National Collision Database (NCDB) are analyzed with a view to identify and quantify various factors that can impact the survivability of cyclists involved in a motor vehicle collision. A Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and a multiple imputation (MI) process address the variable selection and missing data problems, respectively. The resulting probabilistic model suggests that collision sur-vivability depends largely on the cyclist’s age and helmet usage. Survivability improves with age up to age 21, peaks for cyclists aged 21 to 34, and falls after age 35. Controlling for age and other factors, a bicycle helmet reduces the risk that a cyclist fatality will occur by approximately 34% (OR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.56-0.78). Survivability in general, and the apparent safety benefits of bicycle helmets in particular, do not appear to depend on the sex of the cyclist once the type of collision and other factors are controlled for. Head-on and rear-end collisions tend to be more deadly. Certain environmental and situational variables, like strong winds and traffic control devices, also appear to impact survivability. There might be opportunities to sensitize cyclists of various age groups about the risks they are exposed to while cycling, and prevent or better protect cyclists from head-on and rear-end collisions.

scholarly journals Analisis Pengaruh Riba Terhadap Tingkat Kemacetan di Ibu Kota Jakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-143
Author(s):  
Ruslan Husein Marasabessy
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
World City ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Single Person ◽  
The World

The first and foremost reason riba is haram is because Allah declared it so. It is based on Allah’s infinite wisdom that He deems an action to be obligatory or prohibited, prescribing matters in man’s best interests, in this life and in the Hereafter, as He is the All-Wise, All- Knowing. The scholars of Islam have suggested the following reasons as to why riba is haram:There are many proofs showing that riba is haram and one of the most serious sins in Islam.Abu Hurayra said, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: A time will come over mankind when not a single person will remain who does not consume riba (usury, interest); and if one does not consume it, the vapor or dust of it will reach him.nowdays Living in a capitalist society makes it difficult to completely avoid riba.however, the threat is not enough for the community to avoid the usury case. the effect of usury in real terms must be clearly described, in order to raise public awareness.the consumption behavior of motor vehicles is one of the causes of congestion in urban areas, many people use usury (Leasing) to buy vehicles, There are many reasons why we suffer traffic jams every day. One of these is the rapid growth of the population. As a result of this, the number of cars is increasing annually. Jakarta was named the world city with the worst traffic in one index last year. An estimated 70% of the city’s air pollution comes from vehicles. this paper found that congestion in Jakarta is caused by usury, this can be seen from the high use of usury instruments in motor vehicle financing (leasing).

Parity without Equality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Piscopo
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Crisis Of Representation ◽  
Female Legislators ◽  
Female President

Jennifer M. Piscopo examines how the crisis of representation in Costa Rica has placed a ceiling on gender equality in representation. The restructuring of the Costa Rican party system and party fragmentation has made electing multiple candidates from any one ballot more difficult. Top spots have become even more prestigious and more likely to be allocated to men, which reduces women’s electoral chances. Corruption scandals, party breakdown, citizen frustration, and economic problems tainted the administration of the nation’s first female president, Laura Chinchilla. Female legislators have often worked to promote women’s issues and feminist policies, but Chinchilla eschewed feminism, even though several of her policies did benefit women. Overall, her failed presidency may create difficulties for other women seeking top political offices and could have negative consequences for views of women in politics. These challenges notwithstanding, Piscopo concludes that Costa Rica remains at the vanguard of women’s political representation in Latin America.

Auditory Icons as Impending Collision System Warning Signals in Commercial Motor Vehicles

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (15) ◽  
pp. 1127-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Belz ◽  
Gary S. Robinson ◽  
John G. Casali
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Collision System ◽  
Collision Warning ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Driver Performance ◽  
Driving Task ◽  
Side Collision ◽  
Simulated Driving Task

This simulator-based study examined the use of conventional auditory warnings (tonal, non-verbal sounds) and auditory icons (representational, non-verbal sounds), alone and in combination with a dash-mounted visual display to warn commercial motor vehicle operators of impending front-to-rear and side collision situations. Driver performance was measured in the simulated driving task via brake response time in the front-to-rear collision scenarios and via a count of accident occurrence in the side collision scenarios. For both front-to-rear and side collision scenarios, auditory icons elicited significantly improved driver performance over conventional auditory warnings. Driver performance improved when collision warning information was presented through multiple modalities.

Application of PLC in the Expressway Intelligent Traffic Control System

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 2219-2223
Author(s):  
Xin Hua Wei ◽  
Xian Xing Duan ◽  
Xiao Kan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
The Body ◽  
Host Computer ◽  
Scientific Management ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Traffic Control System ◽  
Vehicle Size ◽  
Sense Coil

The expressway intelligent traffic control system based on S7-200 series Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) was introduced in this paper.PLC has strong adaptability in the complex environment and rich internal timer resources, it is easily to realize accuracy controlling the traffic lights, specially for multi-crossroads.PLC analyzed and processed the signals of the body flow, speed, vehicle size and other data by the sense coil, then transmitting the information to the host computer. The host computer might automatically adjust the length of time from the final signal to achieve intelligent scientific management of traffic lights.

On the spread of ultrafine particulate matter: A mathematical model for motor vehicle emissions and their effects as an asthma trigger

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle N. Rosado-Pérez ◽  
Karen Ríos-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Ultrafine Particles ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Traveling Wave Solutions ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Diffusion Type

Asthma is a respiratory disease that affects the lungs, with a prevalence of 339.4 million people worldwide [G. Marks, N. Pearce, D. Strachan, I. Asher and P. Ellwood, The Global Asthma Report 2018, globalasthmareport.org (2018)]. Many factors contribute to the high prevalence of asthma, but with the rise of the industrial age, air pollutants have become one of the main Ultrafine particles (UFPs), which are a type of air pollutant that can affect asthmatics the most. These UFPs originate primarily from the combustion of motor vehicles [P. Solomon, Ultrafine particles in ambient air. EM: Air and Waste Management Association’s Magazine for Environmental Managers (2012)] and although in certain places some regulations to control their emission have been implemented they might not be enough. In this work, a mathematical model of reaction–diffusion type is constructed to study how UFPs grow and disperse in the environment and in turn how they affect an asthmatic population. Part of our focus is on the existence of traveling wave solutions and their minimum asymptotic speed of pollutant propagation [Formula: see text]. Through the analysis of the model it was possible to identify the necessary threshold conditions to control the pollutant emissions and consequently reduce the asthma episodes in the population. Analytical and numerical results from this work prove how harmful the UFEs are for the asthmatic population and how they can exacerbate their asthma episodes.

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