The Stability and Variability of Goals in Learning Contexts: A Systematic Literature Review and a Quantitative Investigation

Author(s):  
Kathrin Bürger
Author(s):  
Susi Ari Kristina ◽  
Chairun Wiedyaningsih ◽  
Niken Nur Widyakusuma ◽  
Hardika Aditama

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the frequency and scope of extemporaneous compounding practice reported in community and hospital pharmacies.</p><p><strong>Method</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>:</strong><strong> </strong>A systematic literature review was undertaken to identify the prevalence of extemporaneous compounding practice in community and hospital pharmacies, including the reasons of providing compounding services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies were identified and evaluated in which extemporaneous products prepared by pharmacist could be identified. Most of the studies record that prevalence of extemporaneous compounding practice is very low (less than 5%). Prescribing of compounded medicines occurs more frequently in paediatrics and for special patients’ need. The major types of extemporaneous compounding products were dermatological dosage forms and followed by oral solutions and oral suspensions. Reasons for providing compounding practice were to make a customised products that not available commercially and to provide full pharmaceutical care to patients. Issues about the stability of compounded products, accuracy in dose strength and lack of standardised protocol in extemporaneous compounding need to be addressed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extemporaneous compounding practice are an essential part of pharmacist’ competency. These unique skills need to be preserved and regulations that cover rationalised compounding practice is necessary.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Muhammad Dandy Alif Wildana ◽  
An’im Kafabih

Abstract Food is essential for human survival, and ensuring its availability is critical. Waqf is present as one of supporting institutions that supports food security. This paper aims to see how waqf can contribute to the food security of a community. Waqf, in its sense is an Islamic philanthropic institution that focus on welfare of Muslim. As a Muslim, it is important to safeguard one’s life as stated in Maqasid As Shariah. This paper employs systematic literature review to see the contribution of waqf through syirkah (partnership) for community food security. Syirkah plays its role as a connector between waqf and food security, with farmers at its spearhead. Syirkah is chosen because it is compatible with farmer’s business and waqf may serve to their business sustainability in general, and farmer’s livelihood in particular. The ultimate goal of this concept is to achieve stability in the supply of staple food which leads to its price stability, hence staple food is available and accessible to all. Furthermore, the stability achieved will reduce the burden of government to provide staple food in times of crisis and to promote welfare and better social cohesion of a community.


TEM Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 488-497
Author(s):  
Maria José Sousa ◽  
Francesca Dal Mas ◽  
António Pesqueira ◽  
Carlos Lemos ◽  
Juan Manuel Verde ◽  
...  

The main goal of this article is to understand the potential learning applications based on AI technologies for health higher education students. We employed a Systematic Literature Review, contributing to explore to what extent AI technologies are currently influencing the Health learning processes in higher education and the skills developed during the learning path. The intent is to contribute to a more profound understanding of learning contexts, methodologies, technologies, and pedagogical processes with the application of AI technologies. The literature emphasizes that AI can be used to potentiate the learning process and the learning outcomes, especially in laboratory classes, and such contexts are still largely unstudied. To fulfil this gap, some practical applications based on AI technologies applied to health higher education studies were identified, highlighting AI's innovations and possible opportunities for health higher education.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather T. Snyder ◽  
Maggie R. Boyle ◽  
Lacey Gosnell ◽  
Julia A. Hammond ◽  
Haley Huey

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Beel ◽  
Carla Jeffries ◽  
Charlotte Brownlow ◽  
Sonya Winterbotham ◽  
Jan du Preez

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bumgarner ◽  
Elizabeth J. Polinsky ◽  
Katharine G. Herman ◽  
Joanne M. Fordiani ◽  
Carmen P. Lewis ◽  
...  

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