Home-market economic development as a moderator of the self-selection and learning-by-exporting effects

Author(s):  
Ferran Vendrell-Herrero ◽  
Christian K. Darko ◽  
Emanuel Gomes ◽  
David W. Lehman
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinish Kathuria ◽  
Anaka Aiyar

The theory that links exporting behaviour and productivity consists broadly of two hypotheses—the ‘self-selection hypothesis’—more productive firms venturing for exports and the ‘learning by exporting hypothesis’—exporting leads to increased productivity. This study measures the productivity differentials between exporters and non-exporters for 120 firms belonging to the Indian chemical industry to investigate if the self-selection hypothesis holds. The productivity differential comparison between exporters and non-exporters show that non-exporters have higher total factor productivity than exporters. Though labour productivity is higher in exporters than non-exporters, the yearly averages show that the labour productivity of exporters is converging to that on the non-exporters. In terms of capital productivity, overall averages show that exporters are more productive, but yearly trend shows that capital productivity of non-exporters has overtaken that of exporters over the years. With respect to self-selection hypothesis, the study does not find any evidence for it for the chemical industry. Prior exporting status, size, being part of a group and age are the only factors that induce a firm to go for exporting.


Author(s):  
Mek Wok Mahmud ◽  
Sayed Sikandar Shah Haneef

Reversion to Islam while opening golden opportunities for a revert in terms of divine guidance and spiritual salvation is coming with somewhat insurmountable challenges in terms of Islamization of the self, family and contributions to the overall development of Malaysia as a multi-religious country. This is especially so when Islam as an official religion has made the issue of Islamization of the Malaysian society and its systems amongst the pivotal national agendas in the country.  As to what is the role of Chinese Muslims (reverts) in the process, studies, among others, have purported to present the statistics about their share in socio-economic development. Similarly, empirical studies point to the odds faced by this community at personal, family and community levels in their path for transition to the full Islamic way of life. To the presenters of this paper, however, the macro dimension of what it means to become a Muslim which is essential for adjustment to the Islamic requirements has not been sufficiently highlighted in discourses in the area. Accordingly, this paper presents the position statements on Islamic expectations from Chinese reverts with the purpose of motivating them to achieve greater things in the area of Islamization of their community and the nation to the effect. Keywords: Chinese converts, Islamization, expectations and challenges. Abstrak kembalinya seseorang kepada agama Islam selain dari membuka peluang keemasan dalam mendapat  petunjuk Ilahi dan pengisian rohani turut disertai dengan cabaran yang amat sukar untuk diatasi termasuklah cabaran Islamisasi diri, keluarga serta sumbangan kepada pembangunan keseluruhan Malaysia sebagai negara berbilang agama. Hal ini menjadi satu keutamaan terutamanya apabila Islam memegang status sebagai agama rasmi persekutuan yang menjadikan isu Islamisasi masyarakat Malaysia sebagai satu agenda nasional. Bagi menjayakan agenda ini, peranan umat Islam dari kalangan masyarakat Cina (cina muslim) juga perlu diambil kira. Statistik menunjukkan cina muslim turut mempunyai bahagian dalam menyumbang terhadap pembangunan sosio-ekonomi negara. Dalam pada masa yang sama, kajian empirikal membuktikan adanya bentuk bentuk cabaran yang dihadapi oleh komuniti ini di peringkat peribadi, keluarga dan komuniti dalam perjalanan mereka untuk kembali kepada cara hidup Islam yang sepenuhnya. Bagi kami pengkaji kertas ini, dimensi makro dalam menjadikan dan mengertikan  seseorang itu Muslim terutamanya dalam menyesuaikan diri dengan ajaran  Islam masih belum cukup diberi  penjelasan dan penerangan yang sewajarnya. Oleh itu, makalah ini cuba menerangkan idea dan cadangan yang berguna kepada cina muslim dengan tujuan memotivasikan  mereka bagi  mencapai kejayaan  yang lebih besar dari aspek Islamisasi di kalangan komuniti mereka seterusnya memberi sumbangan kepada negara. Kata kunci:  Cina Muslim, Islamisasi, harapan dan cabaran.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Jiang

At this stage, the market economy has become an important force to promote China's economic development. Consolidating the core of market economic development, namely, economic equality and economic freedom, is an inevitable requirement for upholding and improving China's basic economic system, and it is also an important aspect of the country's strong guarantee for market economic development. Therefore, it is necessary to research the meaning of the market economy in the constitution, and at the same time clarify the constitutional norms’ obligation to guarantee the implementation of state agencies to provide adequate constitutional guarantees for the development of the market economy.


1959 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilary L. Seal

The theory of ‘temporary selection’ is concerned with the variation, for fixed x, of q[x–t]+t the observed rate of mortality at age x during the t+1th year after the issue of an assurance or annuity contract. The classical view is that—apart from chance variations—q[x–t]+t increases gradually with increasing t until the effects of selection have disappeared after which time q[xx–t]+t is a constant depending on x only.Various reasons have been suggested for the persistence of temporary selection in an observed series of values of q[xx–t]+t. The chief of these are:(1) The continuing effects of an initial selection on the part of the assurance company or by the annuitant (Morgan, 1834);(2) The gradual withdrawal from assurance of healthy lives (Higham, 1851); and(3) Secular improvements in medicals election or in the self-selection of annuitants (Karup, 1903).


2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
József Káposzta

Abstract We are facing a transnational future. Globalization is getting more and more important in economic development, processes are becoming global, and the allocation of goods, capital and resources is carried out on the global market. In such transnational system, the role of large business centers of resource concentration is getting more significant and the ability of nations to balance the allocation of resources is getting poorer. Consequently, the micro-regions, counties and settlements need to face direct global challenges and the self-generated competition as well. Micro-regions, which are not able to adapt to the global resource market and competition, fall out of this allocation space and surely lag behind. Their future greatly depends on how they can represent their interests and how they can improve their positions.


2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Behaghel ◽  
Bruno Crépon ◽  
Thomas Le Barbanchon

We evaluate an experimental program in which the French public employment service anonymized résumés for firms that were hiring. Firms were free to participate or not; participating firms were then randomly assigned to receive either anonymous résumés or name-bearing ones. We find that participating firms become less likely to interview and hire minority candidates when receiving anonymous résumés. We show how these unexpected results can be explained by the self-selection of firms into the program and by the fact that anonymization prevents the attenuation of negative signals when the candidate belongs to a minority. (JEL J15, J68, J71)


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