Response to Landslide Dam Failure Emergencies: Issues Resulting from the October 1999 Mount Adams Landslide and Dam-Break Flood in the Poerua River, Westland, New Zealand

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Becker ◽  
D. M. Johnston ◽  
D. Paton ◽  
G. T. Hancox ◽  
T. R. Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Mount Adams

scholarly journals Dynamic decision making for dam-break emergency management – Part 2: Application to Tangjiashan landslide dam failure

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Peng ◽  
L. M. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Flood Routing ◽  
Dynamic Decision Making ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Population At Risk ◽  
Three Stages

Abstract. Tangjiashan landslide dam, which was triggered by the Ms = 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 in China, threatened 1.2 million people downstream of the dam. All people in Beichuan Town 3.5 km downstream of the dam and 197 thousand people in Mianyang City 85 km downstream of the dam were evacuated 10 days before the breaching of the dam. Making such an important decision under uncertainty was difficult. This paper applied a dynamic decision-making framework for dam-break emergency management (DYDEM) to help rational decision in the emergency management of the Tangjiashan landslide dam. Three stages are identified with different levels of hydrological, geological and social-economic information along the timeline of the landslide dam failure event. The probability of dam failure is taken as a time series. The dam breaching parameters are predicted with a set of empirical models in stage 1 when no soil property information is known, and a physical model in stages 2 and 3 when knowledge of soil properties has been obtained. The flood routing downstream of the dam in these three stages is analyzed to evaluate the population at risk (PAR). The flood consequences, including evacuation costs, flood damage and monetized loss of life, are evaluated as functions of warning time using a human risk analysis model based on Bayesian networks. Finally, dynamic decision analysis is conducted to find the optimal time to evacuate the population at risk with minimum total loss in each of these three stages.

scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Investigation of 3D Dam-Break Wave Propagation in an Enclosed Domain with Dry and Wet Bottom

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5638
Author(s):  
Selahattin Kocaman ◽  
Stefania Evangelista ◽  
Hasan Guzel ◽  
Kaan Dal ◽  
Ada Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Negative Wave ◽  
Through Flow ◽  
Instantaneous Removal ◽  
Surface Patterns

Dam-break flood waves represent a severe threat to people and properties located in downstream regions. Although dam failure has been among the main subjects investigated in academia, little effort has been made toward investigating wave propagation under the influence of tailwater depth. This work presents three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations of laboratory experiments of dam-breaks with tailwater performed at the Laboratory of Hydraulics of Iskenderun Technical University, Turkey. The dam-break wave was generated by the instantaneous removal of a sluice gate positioned at the center of a transversal wall forming the reservoir. Specifically, in order to understand the influence of tailwater level on wave propagation, three tests were conducted under the conditions of dry and wet downstream bottom with two different tailwater depths, respectively. The present research analyzes the propagation of the positive and negative wave originated by the dam-break, as well as the wave reflection against the channel’s downstream closed boundary. Digital image processing was used to track water surface patterns, and ultrasonic sensors were positioned at five different locations along the channel in order to obtain water stage hydrographs. Laboratory measurements were compared against the numerical results obtained through FLOW-3D commercial software, solving the 3D Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) with the k-ε turbulence model for closure, and Shallow Water Equations (SWEs). The comparison achieved a reasonable agreement with both numerical models, although the RANS showed in general, as expected, a better performance.

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO PREDICT OUTFLOW HYDROGRAPH DUE TO LANDSLIDE DAM FAILURE BY OVERTOPPING AND SLIDING

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ripendra AWAL ◽  
Hajime NAKAGAWA ◽  
Kenji KAWAIKE ◽  
Yasuyuki BABA ◽  
Hao ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Outflow Hydrograph

scholarly journals Failure of Zoned Earth Dam (An analysis of earth dam break)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 344-353
Author(s):  
Abdul-Hassan K. Al-Shukur ◽  
Ranya Badea’ Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Factor Of Safety ◽  
Limit Equilibrium ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
The Body ◽  
Earth Dam ◽  
Dam Failure ◽  
Maximum Water Level ◽  
Maximum Water

One of the most common type of embankment dam failure is the dam-break due to overtopping. In this study, the finite elements method has been used to analyze seepage and limit equilibrium method to study stability of the body of an earthfill dam during the flood condition. For this purpose, the software Geostudio 2012 is used through its subprograms SEEP/W and SLOPE/W. Al-Adhaim dam in Iraq has been chosen to analysis the 5 days of flood. It was found that the water flux of seepage during the flood reaches about 8.772*10-5. m3/sec when the water level 146.5 m at 2nd day. Seepage through the embankment at maximum water level increased by 55.1 % from maximum water level. It was concluded that the factor of safety against sliding in downstream side decrease with increasing water level and vice versa. It was also concluded that the deposits are getting more critical stability during the conditions of flood when the factor of safety value reaches 1.219 at 2nd day.

Landslide Dam Failure Analysis Using Imaging and Ranging Sensors

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Keivan Tavakoli ◽  
Ehsan Zadehali ◽  
Arsalan Malekian ◽  
Sara Darsi ◽  
Laura Longoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Analysis ◽  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Dam Failure

scholarly journals Experimental Research on the Dam-Break Mechanisms of the Jiadanwan Landslide Dam Triggered by the Wenchuan Earthquake in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-gang Xu ◽  
Xing-guo Yang ◽  
Jia-wen Zhou ◽  
Ming-hui Hao
Keyword(s):  
Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Discharge Channel ◽  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Dam Break ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dam Breaks ◽  
The Wenchuan Earthquake ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Dam Management ◽  
Break Process

Dam breaks of landslide dams are always accompanied by large numbers of casualties, a large loss of property, and negative influences on the downstream ecology and environment. This study uses the Jiadanwan landslide dam, created by the Wenchuan earthquake, as a case study example. Several laboratory experiments are carried out to analyse the dam-break mechanism of the landslide dam. The different factors that impact the dam-break process include upstream flow, the boulder effect, dam size, and channel discharge. The development of the discharge channel and the failure of the landslide dam are monitored by digital video and still cameras. Experimental results show that the upstream inflow and the dam size are the main factors that impact the dam-break process. An excavated discharge channel, especially a trapezoidal discharge channel, has a positive effect on reducing peak flow. The depth of the discharge channel also has a significant impact on the dam-break process. The experimental results are significant for landslide dam management and flood disaster prevention and mitigation.

Recent research on landslide dams - a literature review with special attention to New Zealand

2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Korup
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Landslide Dam ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Landslide Dams ◽  
Spatio Temporal

More than a decade has passed since the publication of the benchmark paper of Costa and Schuster (Costa, J.E. and Schuster, R.L. 1988: The formation and failure of natural dams. Geological Society of America Bulletin 100, 1054-68) on the formation and failure of natural dams. This review takes a critical look at recent trends and developments in international and New Zealand-based research on landslide dams. Temporary or permanent stream blockages by mass movements commonly occur in steep terrain, and gradually receive more attention and awareness with increasing population and land use pressure in upland regions. Different approaches in methodology and their relevance and application potential for engineering and mitigative measures are reviewed and several shortcomings outlined, with a view towards possible future research directions. A high percentage of previous work on landslide dams has been mainly descriptive in character, and has produced a multitude of documented case studies. Recent attempts to redress the balance have included the establishment of global and nationwide databases (inventories) of landslide dams, progress in predictive, quantitative and GIS-based modelling. Furthermore, interpretative approaches towards the reconstruction of former stream blockages and their spatio-temporal distribution patterns have been pursued, which may assist assessments of present and future geomorphic hazards. Both such appraisals as well as management strategies in mountainous regions in general, will have to rely on key data efficiently extracted from a plethora of case examples. Further work includes consideration of temporal and permanent landslide-triggered stream impoundments within Quaternary landscape evolution, quantification of sediment budgets and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. Overall, there is still a considerable lack of understanding of geomorphic forms and processes involved with landslide-dam formation, stability and failure, part of which is inherent in the often ephemeral nature of stream blockages in coupled hillslope-valley systems.

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