Field emitter density control effect on emission current density by Ag–Cu alloy coating on carbon nanotubes

We have grown carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the soda-lime glass substrates using chemical vapor deposition of C 2 H 2 gas at 550°C. We used electro-plated Ni thin film as a catalyst and screen-printed Ag thick film as a cathode. The turn-on field was about 2.55 V /μ m with an emission current density of 10 μ A / cm 2, and electric field was about 4.0 V /μ m with an emission current density of 3 mA/cm2. Fowler-Nordheim plot shows good linear fit, indicating that the emission current of CNTs follows the Fowler-Nordheim behavior. This process is suitable for mass production of CNT field emission display(CNT-FED), because of its merits; low temperature (≤ 550° C ) process, easiness of CNT patterning, non-vacuum process, large area uniformity.

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Large field emission current density from well-aligned carbon nanotube field emitter arrays

Current Applied Physics ◽

10.1016/s1567-1739(00)00012-2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 61-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Jung Inn Sohn ◽

Seonghoon Lee ◽

Yoon-Ho Song ◽

Sung-Yool Choi ◽

Kyoung-Ik Cho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotube ◽

Field Emission ◽

Current Density ◽

Emission Current Density ◽

Emission Current ◽

Large Field ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Field Emitter Arrays ◽

Field Emission Current ◽

Field Emission Current Density

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Calculation of Emission Current Density in Cone-Type Field Emitter with Non-Triangular Potential Barrier

10th International Conference on Vacuum Microelectronics ◽

10.1109/ivmc.1997.627582 ◽

1997 ◽

Keyword(s):

Potential Barrier ◽

Current Density ◽

Emission Current Density ◽

Emission Current ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Cone Type

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Comparison of Lateral Field Emitter Characteristics for Titanium Silicide, Poly-Si, and Single Crystal Si Tip

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-509-179 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 509 ◽

Author(s):

Moo-Sup Lim ◽

Cheol-Min Park ◽

Min-Koo Han ◽

Yearn-Ik Choi

Keyword(s):

Current Density ◽

Emission Current Density ◽

Titanium Silicide ◽

Emission Current ◽

Cathode Voltage ◽

Lateral Field ◽

Field Emitter ◽

Turn On ◽

Field Emitter Arrays ◽

The Stability

AbstractWe have fabricated poly-Si, Si, and Ti-silicide field emitter arrays employing in-situ vacuum encapsulated lateral field emitter structures and investigated the field emission characteristics such as turn-on voltage, emission current density, and the stability of emission current. Although poly-Si and Si emitter have almost identical turn-on voltages, Si emitter has a sharper turn-on than poly-Si emitter due to its uniform surface. The current densities of poly-Si, and Si emtter are 0.47, 0.43 μA/tip respectively at anode to cathode voltage of 90 V. The turn-on voltage and current density of Ti-silicide emitter are about 31 V, and 1.81 μA/tip at VAK of 90 V. The data of the normalized current fluctuations indicate that Ti-silicide emitter has the most stable current.Our experiment shows that Ti-silicide is most promising among these three materials due to its low work function, uniform surface, and the stable characteristics.

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Theoretical optimization for field emission current density from carbon nanotubes array

Acta Physica Sinica ◽

10.7498/aps.57.7173 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (11) ◽

pp. 7173

Author(s):

Wang Xin-Qing ◽

Li Liang ◽

Chu Ning-Jie ◽

Jin Hong-Xiao ◽

Ge Hong-Liang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Field Emission ◽

Current Density ◽

Emission Current Density ◽

Emission Current ◽

Field Emission Current ◽

Field Emission Current Density

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A New Thermionic Cathode Based on Carbon Nanotubes with a Thin Layer of Low Work Function Barium Strontium Oxide Surface Coating

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1142-jj15-41 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1142 ◽

Author(s):

Feng Jin ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Scott A Little ◽

Chris M Day

Keyword(s):

Work Function ◽

Current Density ◽

Enhancement Factor ◽

Thermionic Emission ◽

Field Enhancement ◽

Oxide Coating ◽

Emission Current Density ◽

Emission Current ◽

Strontium Oxide ◽

Barium Strontium

ABSTRACTWe have created a thermionic cathode structure that consists of a thin tungsten ribbon; carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the ribbon surface; and a thin layer of low work function barium strontium oxide coating on the CNTs. This oxide coated CNT cathode was designed to combine the benefits from the high field enhancement factor from CNTs and the low work function from the emissive oxide coating. The field emission and thermionic emission properties of the cathode have been characterized. A field enhancement factor of 266 and a work function of 1.9 eV were obtained. At 1221 K, a thermionic emission current density of 1.22A/cm2 in an electric field of 1.1 V/μm was obtained, which is four orders of magnitude greater than the emission current density from the uncoated CNT cathode at the same temperature. The high emission current density at such a modest temperature is among the best ever reported for an oxide cathode.

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Mathematical models for thermionic emission current density of graphene emitter

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-01546-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Olukunle C. Olawole ◽

Dilip K. De ◽

Sunday O. Oyedepo ◽

Fabian I. Ezema

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Models ◽

Current Density ◽

Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽

Thermionic Emission ◽

Emission Current Density ◽

Least Square ◽

Emission Current ◽

Two Dimensional Materials ◽

Current Emission ◽

Thermionic Energy

AbstractIn this study, five mathematical models were fitted in the absence of space charge with experimental data to find a more appropriate model and predict the emission current density of the graphene-based thermionic energy converter accurately. Modified Richardson Dushman model (MRDE) shows that TEC's electron emission depends on temperature, Fermi energy, work function, and coefficient of thermal expansion. Lowest Least square value of $$S=\sum {\left({J}_{th}-{J}_{exp}\right)}^{2}=0.0002 \,\text{A}^{2}/\text{m}^{4}$$ S = ∑ J th - J exp 2 = 0.0002 A 2 / m 4 makes MRDE most suitable in modelling the emission current density of the graphene-based TEC over the other four tested models. The developed MRDE can be adopted in predicting the current emission density of two-dimensional materials and also future graphene-based TEC response.

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