Controling the Aedes aegypti mosquito population by Wolbachia-based strategies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marat Rafikov ◽  
Magno Enrique Mendoza Meza
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Population

scholarly journals Mosquitocidal Chips Containing the Insect Growth Regulator Pyriproxyfen for Control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2152
Author(s):  
Kristen C. Stevens ◽  
Roberto M. Pereira ◽  
Philip G. Koehler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Significant Control ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Different Levels

Aedes aegypti were exposed to water treated with mosquitocidal chips containing the insecticide pyriproxyfen in a polymer formulation. Chips were tested under different conditions; different water volumes, in containers made of different material, and in water with different levels of organic matter. Treated chips caused 100% mortality of Ae. aegypti during their pupal stage independent of size or type of container, and the mount of organic matter contained in the water to which the mosquito larvae were exposed. When mosquitocidal chips were used in >25% of the oviposition containers within their cages, there was a significant control of the mosquito populations. Mosquitocidal chips worked in different environments, caused significant mosquito population decreases, and were effective in controlling Ae. aegypti.

scholarly journals Infection Kinetics and Transmissibility of a Reanimated Dengue Virus Serotype 4 Identified Originally in Wild Aedes aegypti From Florida

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine B. Ayers ◽  
Xuping Xie ◽  
Heather Coatsworth ◽  
Caroline J. Stephenson ◽  
Christy M. Waits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Virus Serotype

Dengue virus is the most prevalent mosquito-borne virus, causing approximately 390 million infections and 25,000 deaths per year. Aedes aegypti, the primary mosquito vector of dengue virus, is well-established throughout the state of Florida, United States. Autochthonous transmission of dengue virus to humans in Florida has been increasing since 2009, alongside consistent importation of dengue cases. However, most cases of first infection with dengue are asymptomatic and the virus can be maintained in mosquito populations, complicating surveillance and leading to an underestimation of disease risk. Metagenomic sequencing of A. aegypti mosquitoes in Manatee County, Florida revealed the presence of dengue virus serotype 4 (DENV-4) genomes in mosquitoes from multiple trapping sites over 2years, in the absence of a human DENV-4 index case, and even though a locally acquired case of DENV-4 has never been reported in Florida. This finding suggested that: (i) DENV-4 may circulate among humans undetected; (ii) the virus was being maintained in the mosquito population, or (iii) the detected complete genome sequence may not represent a viable virus. This study demonstrates that an infectious clone generated from the Manatee County DENV-4 (DENV-4M) sequence is capable of infecting mammalian and insect tissue culture systems, as well as adult female A. aegypti mosquitoes when fed in a blood meal. However, the virus is subject to a dose dependent infection barrier in mosquitoes, and has a kinetic delay compared to a phylogenetically related wild-type (WT) control virus from a symptomatic child, DENV-4H (strain Homo sapiens/Haiti-0075/2015, GenBank accession MK514144.1). DENV-4M disseminates from the midgut to the ovary and saliva at 14days post-infection. Viral RNA was also detectable in the adult female offspring of DENV-4M infected mosquitoes. These results demonstrate that the virus is capable of infecting vector mosquitoes, is transmissible by bite, and is vertically transmitted, indicating a mechanism for maintenance in the environment without human-mosquito transmission. These findings suggest undetected human-mosquito transmission and/or long-term maintenance of the virus in the mosquito population is occurring in Florida, and underscore the importance of proactive surveillance for viruses in mosquitoes.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTIn order to better assess the public health risk posed by a detection of DENV-4 RNA in Manatee County, FL Aedes aegypti, we produced an infectious clone using the sequence from the wild-caught mosquitoes and characterized it via laboratory infections of mosquitoes and mosquito tissues.

scholarly journals Infection, Dissemination, and Replication of Urban and Sylvatic Strains of Dengue Virus Type 2 (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) in Australian Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Hall-Mendelin ◽  
Alyssa T Pyke ◽  
Ana L Ramirez ◽  
Kyran M Staunton ◽  
Peter Burtonclay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Virus Strain ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Infectious Dose ◽  
Tissue Culture Infectious Dose ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 2

Abstract The dengue viruses (DENVs) occur throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world where they infect 100s of millions of people annually. In Australia, the dengue receptive zone is confined to the northern state of Queensland where the principal vector Aedes aegypti (L.) is present. In the current study, two populations of Ae. aegypti from north Queensland were exposed to two urban outbreak strains and one sylvatic strain of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2). The titer of virus required to infect 50% of mosquitoes was between 105 and 106 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID)50/ml and was influenced by the combination of the origin of Ae. aegypti population and virus strain. When exposed to infectious bloodmeal titers > 106 TCID50/ml, infection and dissemination rates were all > 50% and were significantly affected by the origin of the mosquito population but not by the strain of DENV-2. Replication of DENV-2 was also significantly affected by the mosquito population and the titer of the infectious bloodmeal that mosquitoes were exposed to. The results of this study are discussed in the context of DENV transmission dynamics in northern Australia and the relative fitness of the sylvatic virus strain in urban Ae. aegypti populations.

scholarly journals Disruption of spatiotemporal dependence in dengue transmission by wMel Wolbachia in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne M Dufault ◽  
Stephanie K Tanamas ◽  
Citra Indriani ◽  
Adi Utarini ◽  
Riris Andono Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Null Distribution ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Spatiotemporal Clustering ◽  
Negative Controls

AbstractDengue is known to exhibit focal clustering at the level of the household and neighbourhood, driven by local mosquito population dynamics, human population immunity, and fine scale human and mosquito movement. We tested the hypothesis that spatiotemporal clustering of homotypic dengue cases is disrupted by introduction of the arbovirus-blocking bacterium Wolbachia (wMel-strain) into the Aedes aegypti mosquito population in a randomized controlled trial in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. We analysed 318 serotyped dengue cases and 5,921 test-negative controls with geolocated residence enrolled over 27 months following randomized wMel deployments. We find evidence of spatial dependence up to 300m among the 265 dengue cases (3,083 controls) detected in the untreated trial arm. Spatial dependence is strongest within 50m, with a 4.7-fold increase (compared to 95% CI on permutation-based null distribution: 0.1, 1.2) in the odds that a pair of individuals enrolled within 30 days and 50m of each other are homotypic dengue cases compared to pairs occurring at any distance. We find no evidence of spatial dependence among the 53 dengue cases (2,838 controls) detected in the wMel-treated arm. This provides compelling evidence that introgression of wMel Wolbachia into Aedes aegypti mosquito populations interrupts focal dengue virus transmission, leading to reduced case incidence.

Mathematical model of temephos resistance in Aedes aegypti mosquito population

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Aldila ◽  
N. Nuraini ◽  
E. Soewono ◽  
A. K. Supriatna
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Population

scholarly journals Aedes aegypti Identified in York, Nebraska, Through Routine Arboviral Surveillance—August–October 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-108
Author(s):  
Matthew A. Donahue ◽  
Jeff Hamik ◽  
Suzanne Phinney ◽  
Ryan Schneider ◽  
Laura McDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Arboviral Diseases

ABSTRACT On August 27, 2019, Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were identified in a neighborhood located in York, NE, through routine arboviral surveillance. Expanded surveillance using traps and morphologic identification revealed 118 adult Ae. aegypti throughout the adjacent neighborhood, including identification from larval sampling. Our findings describe the first recorded Ae. aegypti introduction in Nebraska and provide evidence of a breeding mosquito population, which suggests suitable habitat and the risk of potential establishment, raising concerns about prevention of arboviral diseases in Nebraska.

scholarly journals Ecology and transmission of a dengue virus serotype 4 identified in wild Aedes aegypti in Florida

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine B Ayers ◽  
Xuping Xie ◽  
Heather Coatsworth ◽  
Caroline J Stephenson ◽  
Christy M Waits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Mosquito Population ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Virus Serotype

Dengue virus is the most prevalent mosquito-borne virus, causing approximately 390 million infections and 25,000 deaths per year. Aedes aegypti, the primary mosquito vector of dengue virus, is well established throughout the state of Florida, USA. Autochthonous transmission of dengue virus to humans in Florida has been increasing since 2009, alongside consistent importation of dengue cases. However, most cases of first infection with dengue are asymptomatic and the virus can be maintained in mosquito populations, complicating surveillance and leading to an underestimation of disease risk. Metagenomic sequencing of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in Manatee County, Florida revealed the presence of dengue virus serotype 4 (DENV-4) genomes in mosquitoes from multiple trapping sites over 2 years, in the absence of a human DENV-4 index case and even though a locally acquired case of DENV-4 has never been reported in Florida. This finding suggested that: i) DENV-4 may circulate amongst humans undetected, ii) the virus was being maintained in the mosquito population, or iii) the detected complete genome sequence may not represent a viable virus. This study demonstrates that an infectious clone generated from the Manatee County DENV-4 (DENV-4M) sequence is capable of infecting mammalian and insect tissue culture systems, as well as adult female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes when fed in a blood meal. However, the virus is subject to a dose dependent infection barrier in mosquitoes, and has a kinetic delay compared to a phylogenetically related wild-type (WT) control virus from a symptomatic child, DENV-4H (strain Homo sapiens/Haiti-0075/2015, GenBank accession MK514144.1). DENV-4M disseminates from the midgut to the ovary and saliva at 14 days post-infection. Viral RNA was also detectable in the adult female offspring of DENV-4M infected mosquitoes. These results demonstrate that the virus is capable of infecting vector mosquitoes, is transmissible by bite, and is vertically transmitted, indicating a mechanism for maintenance in the environment without human-mosquito transmission. These findings suggest undetected human-mosquito transmission and/or long-term maintenance of the virus in the mosquito population is occurring in Florida, and underscore the importance of proactive surveillance for viruses in mosquitoes.

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