Comparison of several variants of principal component analysis (PCA) on forensic analysis of paper based on IR spectrum

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loong-Chuen Lee ◽  
Choong-Yeun Liong ◽  
Khairul Osman ◽  
Abdul Aziz Jemain
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Ir Spectrum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Forensic Analysis

scholarly journals Forensic analysis on printer inks via chemometrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 1192 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
L H Mohd Zawawi ◽  
N F Mohamed Azmin ◽  
M F Abd. Wahab ◽  
S I Ibrahim ◽  
M Y Mohd Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Trial Court ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Printer inks are becoming necessary for utilization for wide range of purposes by society in current times with rapid development in technology and digital media area. Thus, forgery and counterfeiting becoming easier for the criminals. It is dangerous as some criminals will misused the technology by mean of addition and adulteration of parts of text or numbers on document as the inks and document can be made as an evidence in the trial court. Thus, the characterization and differentiation of the printed inks in the suspected documents (civil or criminal cases) may provide important information about the authenticity of the printer inks. The focus of this study to differentiate the chemical component of three different types of sample inks by incorporation of FTIR spectrophotometer with principal component analysis. The unique features of the ink samples were unmasked from the score plots of the principal component analysis. Thus, the graphical representation provided by the FTIR spectra with principal component analysis enabled the discrimination certain chemical in the printer inks.

Applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the Selection of Forensic Analysis Methodologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 105937
Author(s):  
Nigel K. Booker ◽  
Peter Knights ◽  
J.D. Gates ◽  
Richard E. Clegg
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Study of Vis-NIR and NIR spectral data of black inkjet prints using principal component analysis for forensic discrimination

NIR news ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Oravec ◽  
Lukáš Gál ◽  
Michal Čeppan
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Molecular Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Fibre Optics

The aim of this work was to prepare spectral data for principal component analysis and to examine 19 samples of six different brands. Samples consisted of the same type of office paper with black areas printed in black ink only. The spectral data were acquired by fibre optics reflection spectroscopy in Vis-NIR and only NIR (Vis-NIR FORS) directly on paper. The black inkjet-printed samples were analysed with regard to the forensic analysis of documents. The method used is based on the combination of molecular spectroscopy in the visible (Vis) and near infrared region (NIR) combined with a chemometric method, – principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA method divides the inkjet inks sample into clusters. It was found out that by a combination of spectrum pre-processing methods and principal component analysis, it is possible to separate inks containing carbon black from the other inks using other organic colourants. This method appears to be a useful tool for forensic examination of printed documents containing inkjet inks. Spectra of inkjet inks were acquired without any destructive or invasive procedure, for example cutting sample or for extraction with the possibility to measure out of the laboratory.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

Review of Three-Mode Principal Component Analysis: Theory and Applications, Vol. 2.

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 915-916
Author(s):  
William R Koch
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Analysis Theory

Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 676-681
Author(s):  
V.V. Sapozhnikova ◽  
◽  
A.L. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multifactorial Analysis ◽  
Specific Antibodies

Aim: to determine the association between clinical laboratory parameters, the production of cytokines (IL-17A, -23, -33, -35), and specific IgM and IgG in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Patients and Methods: complete blood count, the concentrations of IL-17A, -23, -33, -35, and the levels of specific IgM and IgG were measured during acute infection and convalescence (n=30). The control group included age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n=30). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatSoft Statistica v 10.0 software (parametric and non-parametric methods and multifactorial analysis, i.e., principal component analysis). Results: most (80%) patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans are the people of working age. In most patients, the combination of the specific antibodies against Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii (76.7%) and severe intoxication and inflammatory process (100%) were detected. Moderate and severe disease associated with meningism was diagnosed in 90% and 10%, respectively. The mean duration of hectic period was 8.3±1.27 days. Abnormal ECG was reported in 40% of patients, i.e., conduction abnormalities in 20%, sinus bradycardia in 16.7%,and sinus tachycardia in 3.3%. The clinical laboratory signs of hepatitis without jaundice were identified in 26.7%. During treatment, the significant reduction in band and segmented neutrophil counts as well as the significant increase in platelet count were revealed compared to these parameters at admission. Abnormal cytokine levels (i.e., the increase in IL-17A, -23, -33 and the deficiency of IL-35) were detected. Conclusions: multifactorial analysis has demonstrated that the severity of immunological abnormalities in patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans is associated with fever, cardiac and liver disorders, the high levels of IL-23 and IL-33, and the lack of IL-35 and specific IgM and IgG. KEYWORDS: tick-borne borreliosis, Lyme disease without erythema migrans, clinical laboratory signs, cytokines, specific antibodies, multifactorial analysis, principal component analysis. FOR CITATION: Sapozhnikova V.V., Bondarenko A.L. Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):676–681. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-676-681.

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