Multiscale identification of local tetragonal distortion in NaNbO3-BaTiO3 weak relaxor ferroelectrics by Raman, synchrotron x-ray diffraction, and absorption spectra

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (13) ◽  
pp. 132901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruzhong Zuo ◽  
He Qi ◽  
Jian Fu ◽  
Jing-Feng Li ◽  
Longtu Li
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Relaxor Ferroelectrics ◽  
Tetragonal Distortion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Flexible ZnO photoelectrode for photo electrochemical energy conversion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shiyani ◽  
Indrani Banerjee ◽  
Santosh K. Mahapatra ◽  
Asim K Ray
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
A Value ◽  
Pet Substrate

Abstract Photoelectrochemical properties have been investigated for flexible ZnO/ITO/PET photoelectrodes. ZnO was spin coated on ITO/PET substrate with thickness of about 310 nm. The high crystalline structure of ZnO was studied using x-ray diffraction pattern. A value of 3.4 eV has been estimated for optical band gap from its absorption spectra. The flexible ZnO photoelectrode was demonstrated to generate photoelectrochemical current. Values of 1.022 and 0.714 were found to be for photo switching and photoresponsivity, respectively. ZnO/ITO/PET can be used as a substrate for making flexible hybrid PEC devices to generate solar power and solar fuels.

Microstructure and electrical properties of 0.5PZN-0.5PZT relaxor ferroelectrics close to the morphotropic phase boundary

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 2029-2034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Yang Zhao ◽  
Yu-Dong Hou ◽  
Li-Min Chang ◽  
Man-Kang Zhu ◽  
Hui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Morphotropic Phase Boundary ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Rhombohedral Phase ◽  
Relaxor Ferroelectrics ◽  
Arrhenius Law ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mixing Method

Relaxor ferroelectrics of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)0.5(Zr0.47Ti0.53)0.5O3 (0.5PZN-0.5PZT) were prepared using the conventional oxide mixing method. Both x-ray diffraction analysis and Raman spectroscopy indicate that the amounts of rhombohedral phase are close to tetragonal phase, implying the presence of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) in the system of 0.5PZN-0.5PZT, and this result was further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs. At MPB composition, the excellent piezoelectric properties, such as kp (0.66) and d33 (425pC/N), were obtained due to the more possible polarization directions of domains and high dc resistivity of 6.5 × 1010 Ω·cm. Meanwhile, the dielectric studies revealed that the indicator of the degree of diffuseness γ value is 1.73, implying that the relaxor nature of the 0.5PZN-0.5PZT is ceramic. The activation energy related to the dc conductivity was estimated from a linear fitting of the Arrhenius law. The value of 0.09 and 1.04 eV for low and high temperature range corresponds well to the activation energies of migration and first ionization of the oxygen vacancies.

Study of the microscopic structures in 0.72Pb(Mg1∕3Nb2∕3)O3-0.28PbTiO3 relaxor ferroelectrics by means of x-ray diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 053505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Guo ◽  
Renzhong Tai ◽  
Hongjie Xu ◽  
Chen Gao ◽  
Haosu Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxor Ferroelectrics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Photoinduced formation of colloidal Au by a near-infrared femtosecond laser

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1710-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongjun Zhao ◽  
Shiliang Qu ◽  
Jianrong Qiu ◽  
Congshan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Local Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Yellow Orange

A Au colloid was prepared in a 5 mM HAuCl4 solution through irradiation with a focused infrared femtosecond laser at 800 nm. The Au colloid was characterized by absorption spectra, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction analysis. The appearance of absorption peak around 526 nm in the absorption spectra and the wine-red color of sample solution HAuCl4 under focused laser irradiation verified the formation of Au colloid. The solution color changed in the order of yellow → orange → wine-red due to the local formation of Au nanoparticles near the focus. The pulse energy, focus position of laser beam, and solvent composite play important roles in formation, grain size, and stability of the Au colloid. A mechanism for the precipitate of Au nanoparticles was proposed, and a multiphoton process of femtosecond laser was involved.

Ammonium fluorolanthanates: solid state synthesis, infrared spectral and X-ray diffraction data

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (14) ◽  
pp. 2620-2627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnan Rajeshwar ◽  
Etalo A. Secco
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Decomposition Product ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Final Decomposition Product ◽  
Infrared Spectral

Solid state synthesis of thirteen ammonium fluorolanthanates is reported. Two main types of fluorolanthanates appeared in the primary synthesis reaction, viz. NH4LnF4 and (NH4)3Ln2F9.The final decomposition product of the fluorolanthanates is LnF3 with NH4Ln2F7 appearing as an intermediate in (NH4)3Ln2F9 decomposition.Infrared absorption spectra and X-ray diffraction data for the stable fluorolanthanates are presented.

Synthesis, Structural and Optical Characterization of Zinc Chalcogentdes in Novel Solid State Hosts

1992 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly L. Moran ◽  
Andrew W. Ott ◽  
Thurman E. Gier ◽  
William T. A. Harrison ◽  
Hellmut Eckert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Optical Characterization ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bulk Semiconductor

ABSTRACTSeveral series of sodali te analogues of unit cell composition M8X2(TO2)12, where M is Zn or Cd, X is a chalcogen, and T is a tetrahedral cation B, or Be in combination with Si or Ge, have been prepared. An M4X tetrahedron, which is the first coordination sphere of the bulk semiconductor MX, sits at the center of each sodalite cage. These materials have been structurally characterized by solid state 77Se and 125STe MAS NMR and by powder X-ray diffraction. Diffuse reflectance optical absorption spectra are reported for each series. The borates have optical properties similar to the bulk MX whereas the beryllosilicates and germanates exhibit large blue shifts in the absorption spectra.

Band-gap engineering in amorphous/microcrystalline ScxGa1-xN.

2001 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Little ◽  
M. E. Kordesch
Keyword(s):  
Optical Absorption ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Optical Band Gap ◽  
Optical Absorption Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Band Gap Engineering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bilayer Films ◽  
Quartz Substrates

AbstractReactive sputtering was used to grow thin films of ScxGa1-xN with scandium concentrations of 20%-70% on quartz substrates at temperatures of 300-675 K. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the films showed either weak or no structure, suggesting the films are amorphous or microcrystalline. Optical absorption spectra were taken of each sample and the optical band gap was determined. The band gap varied linearly with increasing Ga concentration between 2.0 and 3.5 eV. Ellipsometry was used to confirm the band gap measurements and provide optical constants in the range 250-1200 nm. ScN and GaN have different crystal structures (rocksalt and wurzite, respectively), and thus may form a heterogeneous mixture as opposed to an alloy. Since the XRD data were inconclusive, bilayers of ScN/GaN were grown and optical absorption spectra taken. A fundamental difference in the spectra between the bilayer films and alloy films was seen, suggesting the films are alloys, not herterogeneous mixtures.

Synthesis and Surface Photoelectric Properties of a Trinuclear Chromium(III) Complex

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 2010-2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Feng Shi ◽  
Jia Ming Li ◽  
Yan Zhen Yin ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Ni Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Surface Photovoltage ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Electron ◽  
Photoelectric Conversion ◽  
Chlorobenzoic Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Surface Photovoltage Spectroscopy ◽  
Photoelectric Properties

A trinuclear Chromium(III) complex [Cr3(μ3-O)(μ2-PCBA)6(CH3OH)3]NO3∙H2O∙CH3OH (HPCBA = 4-Chlorobenzoic acid) has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectra, UV-Vis absorption spectra and elemental analysis, which belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 12.443 (3), b = 24.543 (5), c =22.094 (7)Å, α = 90°, β =115.76 (2) °, γ =90°, V = 6077 (3)Å3, Z = 4.The surface electron behavior of the chromium complex has been studied emphatically by surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS). Structural analyse indicate that the complex is molecular complex. The result of SPS show that there is positive photovoltage response bands within 300–800 nm, which indicate that it possess obvious photoelectric conversion properties. There was a good correlation between the SPS and UV-Vis absorption spectra.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document