CONTINGENCY PLANNING FOR OFFSHORE OIL SPILLS

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
G. N. Keith
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Offshore Oil

The incidence of oil spillage from offshore exploration and production activities is comparatively low but the Santa Barbara and Chevron blowouts remind us of what can happen.There are two things each operator can do to help ensure he is prepared in the event of an emergency. First, a comprehensive inhouse contingency plan should be prepared before commencing operations in an area. The plan will ensure that adequate first-aid measures are on hand at all times and will go on to list the location and availability of additional assistance both in equipment and manpower.Second, the operator should be prepared to participate in the oil industry's National Oil Spills Action Plan. This plan is designed to ensure that the entire resources of the industry can be made available and effectively co-ordinated to combat an oil spill anywhere on the coast of Australia.

Contingency Planning for Oil Spills: An Update Based on Experience Gained from the Port Angeles Spill

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Robert A. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Contingency Plans

Although the best method for handling an oil spill is to prevent its occurrence, the risk of a significant oil spill, from either a tank or other vessel, is always present. When a spill does occur, a good spill contingency plan will help to limit the adverse effects of the spill. This paper discusses the contents and development of Spill Contingency Plans, with emphasis on experience gained during the cleanup of the Port Angeles spill. Information pertinent to and details from ARCO Marine Inc.'s Spill Contingency Plan have been included to aid interested parties in their endeavors to develop suitable contingency plans.

THE LOUISIANA OFFSHORE OIL PORT COMPUTERIZED OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY PLAN1

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
John J. Gallagher ◽  
A. J. Heikamp
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Offshore Oil

ABSTRACT The Louisiana Offshore Oil Port (LOOP, Inc.) is installing a computerized oil spill contingency plan. The nature and operation of the LOOP, Inc. facilities raise unique difficulties that must be addressed in oil spill contingency planning for the system. The structure of the new computerized contingency plan, its application to the system, and the benefits derived from the plan are the subjects of this paper.

Offshore Oil Spill Incidents: Creating a Database in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Patricia Maggi ◽  
Cláudia do Rosário Vaz Morgado ◽  
João Carlos Nóbrega de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Guanabara Bay ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Offshore Oil

ABSTRACT Brazil has performed an important role in the oil and gas industry mainly because its offshore E&P activities. The volume of oil produced in offshore fields had increased 88% in the last decade and correspond to more than 90% of national production. The maritime Exploration and Production (E&P) operations in Brazil started in the middle of the 1970's. In 1981 a law was promulgated to establish a compulsory environmental permit to many activities, including oil and gas exploration and production activities. Although this regulation has existed for over 25 years, only in 1999 was it effectively brought into force to the E&P sector, with the creation of the oil and gas specialized office integrated to the Intituto Brasileiro de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Naturais Renováveis – IBAMA (Brazilian Federal Environmental Agency). On January 2000 Brazil faced one its worst oil spills, in Guanabara Bay. A broken pipeline owned and operated by Petrobras spilt 1300 tone of bunker fuel into Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro. At that time, Brazil had no clear environmental scenario regarding the oil industry in Brazil: uncoordinated environmental regulations, debilitated environmental agencies and a relapse industry took part in the scenario. As a result of the repercussion of the disaster, in the same year was enacted the Federal Law 9966/2000, the so called “Oil Law”, on the prevention, control and inspection of pollution caused by the releasing of oil and other harmful substances in waters under national jurisdiction. The provisions of the Law 9966 included, among other things, the requirement for the notification to the competent environmental authority, the maritime authority and the oil regulating agency, of any incident which might cause water pollution. Although IBAMA receives the oil spill communications since 2001, only in 2010 the Agency began to include this information in a database. This paper discusses the offshore oil spill data received between 2010 and 2012.

Oil spill modeling: Mapping the knowledge domain

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake R Nelson ◽  
Tony H Grubesic
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Citation Network ◽  
Knowledge Domain ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Oil Spill Modeling ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Future Work

The year 2019 marks the anniversary of two major US offshore oil spills: the 50th anniversary of the Santa Barbara spill and the 30th anniversary of the Exxon Valdez. The consequences of these spills are profound, echoing throughout countless environmental, ecological and social systems. Each spill sparked a flurry of research focusing on the analysis and documentation of spill impacts and responses. The purpose of this progress report is to evaluate oil spill modeling research as a knowledge domain. Using bibliometric analysis techniques, we constructed a co-citation network for exploring key areas of research and seminal papers to highlight the evolution of oil spill research over the past 50 years. The paper concludes with recommendations for future work, detailing the importance of connecting the physical and social sciences for deepening our understanding of oil spills and their broader implications for communities and the environment.

SUPPORT FOR REGIONAL OIL SPILL RESPONSE IN THE ROPME SEA AREA

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
P. B. Ryan ◽  
D. J. S. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
External Support ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
The World ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
Sea Area

ABSTRACT Oil spill contingency planning is concerned with the organization of preplanned responses to anticipated oil pollution emergencies in defined geographical areas. A major factor that must be considered when drafting any contingency plan is the support that can be expected from a variety of sources in times of emergency. Oil spills vary in both their magnitude and complexity and so do the responses to such incidents. It follows, therefore, that there is a tiered structure of oil spill contingency planning and response and that there is a corresponding tiering of sources of support. This paper identifies the various tiers of oil spill planning and response and reviews the external support relevant to each tier. The discussion base of this paper relates particularly to the ROPME sea area as defined herein but many of the observations will apply to other regions of the world where similar situations may be encountered.

Contingency Planning: Implementation Is The Key

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Wayne Hollingsworth
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Scenario Development ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACT The two basic components of oil spill contingency planning are developing the plan and implementing the plan. An organization with an effective oil spill contingency plan will have considered both components. Armed with thick oil spill contingency plans, companies expect to be able to respond adequately to major oil spills. For several reasons, this expectation may be unrealistic. For example, the plans may incorporate inadequate appraisals of available response assets, they may have been developed merely to satisfy regulatory requirements, or they may fail to consider various spill scenarios. Plans based on unattainable or unrealistic expectations end up on the shelf collecting dust. Thus, one of the first things to consider in contingency planning is what the plan will be expected to do. Another factor in the effectiveness of a contingency plan is its format. Oil spill contingency plans that are comprehensive and easy to use are essential. It is useful to divide the plan into three major sections: response procedures, background information, and scenario development. The response procedures section should be relatively short and contain step-by-step procedures to be followed during a spill response. The background information section should contain the background information accumulated during the planning period. The scenario development section should contain the scenarios identified for various spill sizes. An excellent contingency plan is of limited value if it is not effectively implemented. Effective implementation requires that everyone in the response and planning organization know the company's ideas, policies, and strategies regarding oil spill response, understands his or her roles and responsibilities in preparing for and carrying out a response, and is committed to carrying out the program. Implementation is often difficult because it involves changing the organization's way of doing things. When the way an organization does business does not match a new program being implemented, leadership is required to match them, either by changing the way of doing business or by changing the program. Changing a new program could be as simple as making a decision. Changing the way an organization does business is a process and is usually very difficult, especially in a large, complex organization like an oil company.

scholarly journals Contingency Planning For Oil Spills on Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 4322-4327
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Response Model ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
Contingency Plan ◽  
Trajectory Model ◽  
Percent Time

This paper develops the oil spill contingency plan. Two studies in the region of Ataqa - Suez and Red Sea- Egypt have been presented the Oil Spill Trajectory model is applied to predict evaporation‚ dispersant‚ skimmer and remaining percentages of oil the effects of the amounts of oil released. Percent time response time ‚ environmental conditions (Wind speed ‚ temperature of water) ‚ and percent of slick sprayed. On the oil spill trajectory model to develop contingency plan the main conclusion is compatibility of the result obtained indicated service options for creating an immediate response model such as detection‚ assessment and evaluation ‚ management‚ and clean-up

UNNECESSARILY NEGLECTED IN PLANNING: ILLUSTRATION OF A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO IDENTIFY HUMAN DIMENSION IMPACTS OF MARINE OIL SPILLS

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250012 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABIENNE LORD ◽  
SETH TULER ◽  
THOMAS WEBLER ◽  
KIRSTIN DOW
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Damage Assessment ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Human Dimensions ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
Contingency Plans ◽  
Negative Impacts

Technological hazards research, including that on oil spills and their aftermath, is giving greater attention to human dimension impacts resulting from events and response. While oil spill contingency planners recognize the importance of human dimension impacts, little systematic attention is given to them in contingency plans. We introduce an approach to identifying human dimensions impacts using concepts from hazard and vulnerability assessment and apply it to the Bouchard-120 oil spill in Buzzards Bay, MA. Our assessment covers the spill, emergency response, clean-up, damage assessment, and mid-term recovery. This approach, while still exploratory, did demonstrate that the spill produced a range of positive and negative impacts on people and institutions and that these were mediated by vulnerabilities. We suggest ways in which the framework may help spill managers to learn from events and improve contingency planning by anticipating risks to social systems and identifying strategies to reduce impacts.

ANALISA PENCEMARAN LAUT OLEH PTT EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION (PTTEP) AUSTRALASIA TERHADAP LAUT TIMOR INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Paulin Yosephin Marini ◽  
Sherlly Monica Bonsapia ◽  
Johni R.V. Korwa
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>This study aims to analyze a blowout from an oil and gas leak owned by PTT Exploration and Production (PTTEP) Australasia in the Montara oil field in the Indonesian Timor Sea, and how to resolve disputes between Australia and Indonesia. A qualitative approach was used in this study, whilst the data collection technique was through library research. The theory of state responsibility, the concept of human security, and the concept of international maritime law are used to analyze disputes between Indonesia and Australia. The study found that the Montara oil spill had not only damaged the marine ecosystem but also polluted Indonesian waters. It also found that although the Australian government had formed a special commission to resolve cases and even used dispersant, it had not satisfied all parties. Several points are summarized. First, the Montara oil spill in Australia is a transnational study because the impact has crossed national borders. Secondly, UNCLOS has a weakness in the settlement of the Montara case because the Convention only provides a description related to ‘Responsibility of Each Country’ and does not specifically arrange material compensation mechanisms to countries that cause sea pollution. Third, the Montara oil spill has caused huge losses for Indonesian seaweed farmers, especially 13 districts in NTT. The recommendations are that the Indonesian government along with the Montara Victim Peoples’ Advocacy Team should continue to follow up the case of oil spills from the Montara platform and continue to fight for compensation to the Australian government and the PTTEP as the responsible party.</em></p>

THE IMPORTANCE OF CONTINGENCY MEASURES IN DETERMINING OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 571-575
Author(s):  
Raymond R. Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Outer Continental Shelf ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Oil And Gas Development ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Oil spills are one of the major concerns associated with oil and gas development along the outer continental shelf. The U.S. Department of the Interior is presently planning lease sales at the rate of seven per year. Many of these leases are being proposed in areas where the risks associated with oil spills are difficult to assess. The major objective of the decisionmakers in this process is to select a leasing plan from the list of proposed blocks that will offer the maximum production potential within an acceptable level of environmental risk. This objective can be obtained with proper contingency planning which should include site-specific designs. A proposed leasing plan could be limited in its production potential by the habitats more vunerable to a potential oil spill. These areas are identified using a model system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. In this model, the local meteorology and physical oceanography are coupled to produce trajectories of hypothetical oil spills. These trajectories, along with oil resource estimates, are used to establish overall probabilities of an oil spill contacting specific coastal areas and habitats. Using linear programming techniques, the blocks that can yield the maximum resource recovery within specified limits of environmental risk are identified. Site-specific contingency measures (such as stockpiles of cleanup equipment) concentrated at the more vulnerable habitats will allow the decisionmaker to accept a higher level of environmental risk and significantly increase the number of blocks that are suitable for leasing. A proposed lease sale area for the northeast Gulf of Alaska is used to demonstrate the importance of contingency planning in determining various levels of offshore oil and gas resource development.

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