Occurrence of virus infection in seed stocks and 3-year-old pastures of lucerne (Medicago sativa)

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 757 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
Turnip Yellows Virus

In tests on seed samples from 26 commercial seed stocks of lucerne (Medicago sativa) to be sown in south-western Australia in 2001, infection with Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) was found in 21 and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in 3 of them. Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) were not detected in any. Incidences of infection within individual affected seed samples were 0.1–4% (AMV) and 0.1–0.3% (CMV), and the infected seed stocks were from 3 (CMV) and at least 11 (AMV) different lucerne cultivars. In a survey of 31 three-year-old lucerne pastures in the same region in 2001, in randomly collected samples, AMV was found in 30 and luteovirus infection in 11 pastures. Pastures in high, medium, and low rainfall zones were all infected. Incidences of AMV within individual infected pastures were high, with 50–98% of plants infected in 20 of them and only 3 having <10% infection, but luteovirus incidences were only 1–5%. In addition to various cultivar mixtures, at least 8 (AMV) and 3 (luteoviruses) different individual lucerne cultivars were infected. When the species of luteovirus present were identified, they were Bean leaf roll virus, Beet western yellows virus ( = Turnip yellows virus), or Subterranean clover red leaf virus ( = Soybean dwarf virus). CMV and legume-infecting potyviruses (BYMV, PSbMV, and Clover yellow vein virus) were not detected in any of the lucerne samples. Acyrthosiphon kondoi infestation was common in the samples collected, and A. pisum and Aphis craccivora were also found. Widespread infection in lucerne stands, and their frequent colonisation by aphid vectors, are cause for concern not only because of virus-induced production losses in lucerne itself but also because they provide virus infection reservoirs for spread to nearby grain legume crops and annual legume pastures.

scholarly journals A virus survey of Vicia faba crops in Canterbury New Zealand during 201112

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 382-382
Author(s):  
J.D. Fletcher ◽  
H. Ziebell ◽  
R.M. MacDiarmid
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus

Broad bean (Vicia faba L) is an established vegetable crop grown in Canterbury with the area now growing related field bean for both human and animal consumption increasing and forming a useful addition to mixed cropping systems A V faba virus survey completed in 1991 detected Soybean dwarf virus (SDV) and Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) Turnip yellows virus (TuYV) which cause bean leaf roll; Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV); Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV); Pea seedborne mosaic (PSbMV); and Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) In 2011 16 faba bean crops throughout mid and South Canterbury were surveyed for viruses known and not known to be present in New Zealand Virus incidences were low with only a few crops damaged largely by bean leaf roll When compared with previous surveys only TuYV appears to have become more widespread but with a similar incidence (07) SDV was less widespread but had a higher incidence (025) The incidences of other viruses were similar to the previous survey AMV (09) PSbMV (035) BYMV (05) although CMV was not detected Red clover vein mosaic virus (RCVMV) was detected for the first time in for New Zealand and was found to be reasonably widespread and at high incidences within some crops

Further studies on the incidence of virus infection in white clover pastures

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. McKirdy ◽  
R. A. C. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

Leaf samples of white clover were collected from 19 irrigated white clover (Trifolium repens) pastures in the south-west of Western Australia and tested for virus infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clover yellow vein virus (CYVV) was found in 16 pastures at infection levels of up to 23% and white clover mosaic virus (WCMV) in 10 at levels up to 83%. None of the white clover pastures with a high incidence of WCMV had been resown with white clover within the last 10 years, whereas those resown within the last 5 years had little or no infection. As previously reported in tests on different white clover pastures in the same irrigation area, widespread infection with alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and occasional infection with subterranean clover red leaf virus (SCRLV) was also found. Two or more viruses were found within 16 of the pastures with at least 3 having all 4 viruses. AMV and WCMV were detected in flatweed (Hypochaeris glabra) and AMV was detected in clustered dock (Rumex conglomeratus), both commonly occurring weeds in the pastures. In tests on the perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) component of 18 white clover pastures, infection with barley yellow dwarf virus was found in 14 at levels up to 5%. In addition, 11 of the pastures contained a virus which reacted with potyvirus-specific monoclonal antibodies, presumably ryegrass mosaic virus (RyMV), which was detected at levels up to 34%. Live aphids were trapped at 8 different times during 1995 in one pasture that was infected with WCMV, CYVV, AMV, and SCRLV. Blue-green aphid (Acyrthosiphon kondoi) and oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) were the only species caught, both reaching peak populations in midwinter, but only the latter was found in summer. No virus transmission was detected when the aphids caught were fed individually on subterranean clover (T. subterraneum) indicator plants. It is concluded that WCMV poses a threat to the productivity of white clover within irrigated pastures, especially when present in mixed infection with AMV. CYVV is also commonly found but normally not at high enough incidences to pose a serious threat. RyMV may pose a threat to the productivity of the perennial ryegrass component within white clover-based pastures.

Further studies on losses in productivity caused by infection of annual pasture legumes with three viruses

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAC Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
Burr Medic ◽  
Severe Isolate

Trials were done in 1988-90 to examine the effects of infection with three non persistently aphid-transmitted viruses on the productivity of manually inoculated spaced plants of annual pasture legumes growing in plots. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) decreased herbage and root production (dry weights) of three subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars by 20-49%. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) decreased herbage and root production of a murex medic (Medicago murex Wild.) cultivar by 78-90% and of two burr medic (M. polymorpha L.) cultivars by 56-82%. A mild isolate of bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) decreased herbage and root production of a subterranean clover cultivar by 31-40%, but with a severe isolate the corresponding losses were 60-63010 in the same cultivar and 79-80% in another. The severe BYMV isolate caused losses in herbage and root production of 38-61% in two burr medic cultivars. Seed yield losses recorded due to infection of subterranean clover were 71% with AMV and 58-76% with BYMV (severe isolate); both viruses decreased seed size as well as seed yield. CMV decreased seed yield by 94% in a burr medic cultivar; it also decreased seed size.

THESIS SUMMARY STUDIES OF ALFALFA MOSAIC VIRUS AND SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER RED LEAF VIRUS

1979 ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
P.B. Teh
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Virus Source ◽  
Leaf Virus

AMV was shown to be transmitted by sap, aphids and through lucerne seed, but not by Cuscuta. Virus source and test plant influenced transmission frequency. Sap-inoculation tests showed that 20 species of plants were susceptible to this virus. Thirteen species of plants from the fields where AMV had been detected were tested but only three were found to be infected with the virus.

Transgenic tobacco expressing tobacco streak virus or mutated alfalfa mosaic virus coat protein does not cross-protect against alfalfa mosaic virus infection

Virology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cees M.P. van Dun ◽  
Bert Overduin ◽  
Lous van Vloten-Doting ◽  
John F. Bol
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Virus Coat Protein ◽  
Virus Coat ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

scholarly journals Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) antiviral protein inhibits Zucchini yellow mosaic virus infection in a dose-dependent manner in squash plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 256-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikmet Murat SİPAHİOĞLU ◽  
İlhan KAYA ◽  
Mustafa USTA ◽  
Murat ÜNAL ◽  
Dilek ÖZCAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytolacca Americana ◽  
Antiviral Protein ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

scholarly journals Endoplasmic reticulum remodeling induced by Wheat yellow mosaic virus infection studied by transmission electron microscopy

Micron ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xie ◽  
Xi-jiao Song ◽  
Zhen-feng Liao ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wheat Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

Mitigating effects of Bean yellow mosaic virus infection in faba bean using new carboxymethyl chitosan-titania nanobiocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 1261-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed R. Sofy ◽  
Ahmed A. Hmed ◽  
Abd EL-Aleem M. Alnaggar ◽  
Rehab A. Dawoud ◽  
Reda F.M. Elshaarawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
Bean Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

Biodiversity and full genome sequence of potato viruses Alfalfa mosaic virus and potato leaf roll virus in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 423-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engy E. Abdel Aleem ◽  
Radwa M. Taha ◽  
Faiza A. Fattouh
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Viruses

Abstract Solanum tuberosum (potato) is the second most important vegetable crop in Egypt. It is locally consumed, manufactured or supplied for export to Europe and other Arab countries. Potato is subject to infection by a number of plant viruses, which affect its yield and quality. Potato virus Y (PVY), potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) were detected in major potato-growing areas surveyed. Multiplex-RT-PCR assay was used for the detection of these three viruses in one reaction using three specific primer pairs designed to amplify genomic parts of each virus (1594 bp for PLRV, 795 bp for AMV, 801 bp for PVY). All three viruses were detected in a single reaction mixture in naturally infected field-grown potatoes. Multiplex RT-PCR improved sensitivity necessary for the early detection of infection. Incidence of single, double, or triple infection has been recorded in some locations. Full-length sequencing has been performed for an Egyptian FER isolate of PLRV. Through phylogenetic analysis, it was shown to occupy the same clade with isolate JokerMV10 from Germany. Complete nucleotide sequence of an Egyptian FER isolate of AMV and phylogenetic analysis was also performed; we propose that it is a new distinct strain of AMV belonging to a new subgroup IIC. This is the first complete nucleotide sequence of an Egyptian isolate of AMV. Genetic biodiversity of devastating potato viruses necessitates continuous monitoring of new genetic variants of such viruses.

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