scholarly journals Variation among Australian accessions of the wild mungbean (Vigna radiata ssp. sublobata) for traits of agronomic, adaptive, or taxonomic interest

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
G. J. Rebetzke
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Germplasm Resource ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Adaptive Explanation ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
Wild Accessions ◽  
West Timor

The wild mungbean, Vigna radiata ssp. sublobata, is an ‘old world’ tropical species indigenous throughout the better watered areas of northern Australia. Variation among 115 accessions, mainly from Australia, West Timor, and Papua New Guinea, was evaluated for several diverse traits. The plants were cultivated in the field at 2 sowing dates, at both a tropical and a subtropical location, with 6 accessions from India and a mungbean cultivar for comparison. Substantial variation was identified for traits of potential agronomic, adaptive, or taxonomic interest. For some traits, like phenology, the variation appeared to be systematic, with plausible underlying physiological and/or adaptive explanation. Among accessions, wild type traits, like prostrate habit, more gracile morphology, twining form, and small hard seeds, tended to be associated. There was a general geographic trend for lines collected from locations more remote from where mungbean has historically been cultivated to show greater expression of wild type traits, with few ‘traits of domestication’ evident in the Australian accessions. Some of the identified variation, e.g. higher seed protein content, hardseededness, and putative disease resistance, may be of value in mungbean variety improvement. A more targetted evaluation of the collection would likely reveal other adaptations, especially tolerance to environmental stresses. As such, the wild accessions are a potentially valuable if under-utilised germplasm resource.

Expression of qualitative and quantitative traits in hybrids between domesticated and wild accessions of the tropical tuberous legume Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich.

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 798 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Damayanti ◽  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
L. M. Bielig
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Vigna Vexillata ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
Wild Accessions ◽  
Very High ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Seed Testa

The expression of morphological, phenological and agronomic traits was recorded in parents and progeny of hybrids between domesticated and wild accessions of the tropical tuberous legume Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. Generally similar patterns were observed in hybrid populations between the putative domesticate var. macrosperma and wild Australian and African accessions, and between a cultivated Bali variety and a wild Australian accession, although observations in the latter populations were severely constrained by genetic incompatibilities between the parents. Several traits of domestication, including broad leaflet size, ovate leaflet shape, non-pigmented stems, non-dehiscent pods, uniform seed testa colour and green seed testa were recessive to the wild type traits and under simple genetic control, with genetic linkages evident between several wild type traits. Most morphological and phenological traits were under quantitative genetic control with high to very high broad sense heritability and moderate to very high narrow sense heritability, indicating good prospects for advance through breeding and selection. An exception was time to flowering, where there were discontinuities in frequency distributions of F2 and backcross populations, with some apparent dominance for earliness over lateness. Another exception was the number of seeds per pod, which in the var. macrosperma × wild populations, appeared to be under qualitative di-allelic control, with homozygous plants having nearly twice the number of seeds per pod as heterozygous plants. In some populations, there was apparent hybrid vigour for vegetative growth and tuber size attributes. It was concluded that the wild African and Australian accessions could be used along with var. macrosperma for breeding improved varieties of V. vexillata for forage, cover crop and vegetable uses. However, for improved pod and seed attributes, particularly the yield, size and appearance of seeds, emphasis needs to be placed on sourcing greater genetic diversity within var. macrosperma and within the cultivated Bali variety, which, because of their genetic incompatibility, will need to be the focus of separate breeding programs.

Expression and inheritance of perenniality and other qualitative traits in hybrids between mungbean cultivars and Australian wild accessions

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuan D. Nguyen ◽  
R. J. Lawn ◽  
L. M. Bielig
Keyword(s):  
Complex Trait ◽  
Seed Traits ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Qualitative Traits ◽  
Tuberous Roots ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wild Accessions ◽  
Dominant Genes

The expression and inheritance of several qualitative traits was examined in four cultivated × wild hybrid populations involving each of two mungbean (Vigna radiata ssp. radiata) cultivars, cvv. Berken and Kiloga, and each of two Australian accessions of the wild subspecies (V. radiata ssp. sublobata). One of the wild accessions, ACC 1, was representative of a prostrate, fine-stemmed, gracile type and the other, ACC 87, was representative of a more robust perennial form endemic in north-eastern Australia. For each of the four cultivated × wild populations, trait expression was observed in plants from the parent, F1, F2, and the two F1–parental backcross generations, when grown under favourable conditions in large pots on benches in the field at CSIRO Davies Laboratory, Townsville, Australia. Models of inheritance were inferred based on the segregation patterns in the different generations of the cultivated v. wild phenotypes. For most traits, the model of inheritance depended more on the wild than the cultivated parent, with more traits in the crosses involving ACC 1 being digenic than in those involving ACC 87. For all the observed morphological and seed traits, the wild phenotype was dominant, consistent with the cultivated phenotype having arisen through mutations that inhibited expression of the wild type. In contrast, the apparent resistance of the wild parents to field strains of powdery mildew disease was recessive to the strong susceptibility of the two cultivars. The segregation patterns for presence or absence of tuberous roots were remarkably similar in the two crosses involving the perennial accession ACC 87, and were consistent with the formation of tuberous roots being conditioned by two complementary, dominant genes. The fact that an apparently complex trait like perenniality might be conditioned by so few genes suggested that perenniality may also be an ancestral wild trait, disruption of which has led to the now more common, annual form. Linkage analyses suggested that perenniality was associated with the wild-type seed traits, black speckled testa and pigmented hilum, which previous molecular studies have indicated are both located on mungbean linkage group 2.

Agronomic performance of seven pea (Pisum sativum) genotypes with five sowing dates in sandy soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-347
Author(s):  
H. Hanaa ◽  
E. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
The Other ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment was conducted at the Agriculture Faculty Farm of Sebha University during the 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 winter seasons to study the agronomic performance of seven pea genotypes with different sowing dates in sandy soil. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using a split-plot arrangement with three replicates. The five sowing dates (30 October, 15 November, 30 November, 15 December and 30 December) were assigned to the main plots, while the seven pea genotypes (Ambassador, Pollon, MG130256, G22765-2c, 89-P-109-11, No. 252, Victory Freezer and Master B) were allocated to the sub-plots. The sowing dates had a significant effect on all the studied traits except seed protein content in both seasons. Early sowing (15 November) was better than the other sowing dates for all the traits except 100-seed weight. There were significant differences between the pea genotypes for all the traits in the two growing seasons. The Victory Freezer genotype surpassed the other genotypes for all traits except number of branches plant-1 in the second season, 100-seed weight and seed protein content. The highest values for number of branches plant−1 in the second season and for seed protein content were obtained for the G22765-2c genotype, while the maximum values of 100-seed weight were recorded for the MG130256 genotype. A significant interaction between sowing dates and pea genotypes was detected for the length of the period from emergence to initial flowering, number of pods plant−1, seed yield plant−1 and seed yield ha-1 in both seasons. The longest period from emergence to initial flowering was obtained for the Victory Freezer pea variety sown on 30 November, while the highest values of pods plant−1, seed yield plant−1 and seed yield ha−1 were gained by sowing the Victory Freezer pea genotype on 15 November.

An analysis of variability and genotype × environment interaction in mung bean (Vigna radiata) in south-eastern Queensland

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
BC Imrie ◽  
KL Butler
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive ◽  
Main Effects

Thirty mung bean (Vigna radiata) accessions were grown in replicated hill plots at two sites in each of 2 years. Plant height, days to flower and to harvest, and seed yield were recorded for each plot. In an analysis of variance most main effects and interactions were statistically significant. Estimated variance due to environment exceeded that due to genotypes for all characters. Broad sense heritability of seed yield was 0.07. The linear regression of seed yield on plant height was statistically significant, and there was a significant quadratic effect of yield on days to flower. It was concluded that environmental effects on the duration of growth phases were likely to be mainly due to the effect of different sowing dates on photoperiod-sensitive accessions, while rainfall variability most likely contributed to yield variance. Emphasis in an evaluation program should be on sampling years rather than locations.

Adaptive responses of wild mungbean (Vigna radiata ssp. sublobata) to photo-thermal environment. II. Growth, biomass, and seed yield

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 929 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Rebetzke ◽  
R. J. Lawn
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Cool Temperature ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Artificial Photoperiod ◽  
Wild Accessions

The leaf growth, dry matter production, and seed yield of 11 wild mungbean (Vigna radiata ssp. sublobata) accessions of diverse geographic origin were observed under natural and artificial photoperiod–temperature conditions, to determine the extent to which genotypic differences could be attributed to adaptive responses to photo-thermal environment. Environments included serial sowings in the field in SE Queensland, complemented by artificial photoperiod extension and controlled-environment growth rooms. Photo-thermal environment influenced leaf growth, total dry matter production (TDM), and seed yield directly, through effects of (mainly cool) temperature on growth, and indirectly, through effects on phenology. In terms of direct effects, leaf production, leaf expansion, and leaf area were all sensitive to temperature, with implied base temperatures higher than usually observed in cultivated mungbean (V. radiata ssp. radiata). Genotypic sensitivity to temperature varied systematically with accession provenance and appeared to be of adaptive significance. In terms of the indirect effects of photo-thermal environment, genotypic and environmental effects on TDM were positively related to changes in total growth duration, and harvest index was negatively related to the period from sowing to flowering, similar to cultivated mungbean. However, seed yield was positively related to the duration of reproductive growth, reflecting the indeterminate growth habit of the wild accessions. As a consequence, the wild accessions are more responsive to favourable environments than typically observed in cultivated mungbean, which is determinate in habit. It is suggested that the introduction of the indeterminate trait into mungbean from the wild subspecies would increase the responsiveness of mungbean to favourable environments, analogous to that of black gram (V. mungo). Although the wild subspecies appeared more sensitive to cool temperature than cultivated mungbean, it may provide a source of tolerance to the warmer temperatures experienced during the wet season in the tropics.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of SNPs in released, landrace and wild accessions of Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) using whole genome re-sequencing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Bangar ◽  
Neetu Tyagi ◽  
Bhavana Tiwari ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Paramananda Barman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Ion Torrent Pgm ◽  
Wild Accessions ◽  
Landrace Accessions

Abstract Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata] is vital grain legume having nutritional and socio-economic importance, especially in the developing countries. We performed whole genome re-sequencing of three accessions representing the wild progenitor species, released and landrace of mungbean to identify SNPs with relevance to genetic relationships analyses. Approximately 9.3 million raw reads were obtained by using Ion Torrent PGM™ platform and more than 92% of the reads were mapped to the reference mungbean genome. We identified a total of 233,799 single nucleotide polymorphisms in relation to the reference genome (SNPs: 103,341 in wild, 93,078 in released and 37,380 in landrace accessions) and 9,544 insertions and deletions (InDels: 4,742 in wild, 3,608 in released and 1,194 in landrace accessions) in the coding and non-coding regions. In all accessions, genomic variants were unevenly distributed within and across the mungbean chromosomes. Among these 5,339; 4,739 and 1,795 SNPs were non-synonymous in 815, 790 and 317 genes of wild, released and landrace accessions, respectively. These polymorphisms might contribute to the variation in important pathways of genes for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance and important agronomic traits such as seed dormancy, flowering time and seed size in mungbean. Among the randomly selected SNPs, a selected subset was validated using Sanger sequencing technique. The genomic variations among mungbean wild, released and landrace accessions constitute a powerful tool to support genetic research and molecular breeding of mungbean.

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