The effects of undernutrition on libido and semen quality in adult Merino rams

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
GV Parker ◽  
CJ Thwaites
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction

Groups of mature Merino rams were fed at maintenance, or at 75 or 50% of maintenance, for a 15-week experimental period, during which the treated groups lost on average 12.5 and 20.6% of their respective initial body weights. Libido and semen quality were assessed at weekly intervals on a series of eight ejaculates collected from each ram at 20-min intervals. Libido, as assessed by reaction time, number of mounts per ejaculate, frequency of failure to ejaculate, and vigour of the ejaculatory thrust, was progressively and markedly depressed in both treated groups during the last third of the experiment. Semen quality (volume, density, and motility of ejaculate, and methylene blue reduction time) was significantly greater in the first than in the eighth ejaculate collected each week, and the quality of the first but not the eighth ejaculate was significantly depressed during the last month of the experiment in both treated groups.

scholarly journals The source of bacteria in fresh cream, and the methylene blue reduction test as a guide to hygienic quality

1969 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Jenkins ◽  
R. J. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
County Council ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Hygienic Quality ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction ◽  
Methylene Blue Test ◽  
Manual Handling ◽  
The Many

SUMMARYOne hundred and twenty-nine samples of fresh cream collected in Worcestershire were examined bacteriologically. Sixty (46·5 %) creams had counts of over 100,000 bacteria/ml. The bacteria present were of many varieties, the commonest being Bacillus spp. (aerobic spore formers), Gram-negative bacilli, staphylococci and micrococci. Since most of the creams had been either pasteurized as cream or manufactured from pasteurized milk it was thought that the many bacteria were present because of contamination after pasteurization due to three main causes; unsatisfactory or unhygienic premises, unsuitable equipment, manual handling during the filling and capping process.The methylene blue test results related well with bacterial counts but there were seven (5·4 %) anomalous results. Although the methylene blue reduction test therefore could serve as a simple and reasonable guide to the hygienic quality of fresh cream, 5·4 % of anomalous results would perhaps make it unsuitable as a statutory test.We thank Mr R. Colenso, M.A.P.H.E., M.A.P.H.I., Chief Public Health Inspector, and Mr H. Beckett, Milk Sampling Officer of the Worcestershire County Council, for arranging the supply of samples.

scholarly journals Variation in body measurements and semen quality of Nigeria sheep breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
F. P. Agbaye ◽  
A. O. Sokunbi ◽  
M. A. Onigemo ◽  
O. Alaba ◽  
O. A. J. Anjola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Qualité Du Sperme

small holder farmers enjoy in rearing small ruminants however, there are paucity of information on the morphometric traits and semen characteristics of Nigeria breeds of sheep in Ikorodu. Therefore, the effects of breeds on body measurements and semen quality of four sheep breeds in Nigeria were assessed. Twenty matured rams aged 2½ years and weighed 31.13±4.8 kg comprising five rams per breed namely: Balami (BAL), Ouda (UD), Yankasa (YAK) and West African Dwarf (WAD) were used for the study. Body measurements and semen quality of each ram was assessed for a period of six weeks after the four weeks of acclimatization. Live body weights (LBW), scrotal circumference (SC), height at wither (HtW), rump length (RpL) and rectal temperature (RT) were evaluated for body parameters. Semen samples were collected using electro-ejaculation method and evaluated for semen volume (SV), progressive sperm motility (PSM), sperm concentration (SC), normal sperm morphology (NSM), sperm livability (SL), and sperm acrosome integrity (SAI) using standard procedures. Results revealed that Yankasa had significantly (p<0.05) the higher live body weights (38.33kg) Live body weights while WAD recorded the least live body weights (28.50kg) live body weights which, was similar (p>0.05) with values recorded for Balami (28.67kg) and Ouda(29.0kg) breeds. Scrotal circumference was significantly (p<0.05) the lowest (24.50cm) in WAD but were similar (p>0.05) in Ouda (28.00cm), BAL (27.67cm) and YAK (26.33cm). The HtW showed similar trend with scrotal circumference. Meanwhile, there were no significant variation (p>0.05) in the value recorded for RpL (cm) and RT (0C). While, PSM, SAI and SV for all the breeds of sheep were statistically similar (p>0.05) in values and SC, SL and SNM were statistically different (p<0.05) between breeds.     La petite taille corporelle, la capacité de production élevée et les taux de croissance rapides des moutons sont des caractéristiques remarquables que les petits exploitants agricoles apprécient dans l'élevage de petits ruminants, cependant, il y a peu d'informations sur les traits morphométriques et les caractéristiques du sperme des races de moutons du Nigeria à Ikorodu. Par conséquent, les effets des races sur les mésures corporelles et la qualité du sperme de quatre races de moutons au Nigéria ont été évalués. Vingt béliers matures âgés de 2 ans et demi et pesant 31,13 ± 4,8 kg comprenant cinq béliers par race à savoir: Balami (BAL), Ouda (UD), Yankasa (YAK) et mouton nain de l'Afrique de l'Ouest (WAD) ont été utilisés pour l'étude. Les mesures corporelles et la qualité du sperme de chaque bélier ont été évaluées pendant une période de six semaines après les quatre semaines d'acclimatation. Les poids corporels vivants (LBW), la circonférence scrotale (SC), la hauteur au garrot (HtW), la longueur de la croupe (RpL) et la température rectale (RT) ont été évaluées pour les paramètres corporels. Des échantillons de sperme ont été collectés à l'aide de la méthode d'électro-éjaculation et évalués pour le volume de sperme (SV), la motilité progressive des spermatozoïdes (PSM), la concentration de spermatozoïdes (SC), la morphologie normale des spermatozoïdes (NSM), l'habitabilité des spermatozoïdes (SL) et l'intégrité des acrosomes du sperme (SAI) en utilisant des procédures standard. Les résultats ont révélé que Yankasa avait significativement (p <0,05) les poids corporels vivants les plus élevés (38,33 kg), tandis que WAD a enregistré les poids corporels vivants les moins élevés (28,50 kg) qui étaient similaires (p> 0,05) avec des valeurs enregistrées pour les races Balami (28,67 kg) et Ouda (29,0 kg). La circonférence scrotale était significativement (p <0,05) la plus basse (24,50 cm) dans le mouton nain de l'Afrique de l'Ouest mais était similaire (p> 0,05) chez Ouda (28,00 cm), BAL (27,67 cm) et YAK (26,33 cm). La hauteur au garrot (HtW) a montré une tendance similaire avec la circonférence scrotale. Pendant ce temps, il n'y avait pas de variation significative (p> 0,05) dans la valeur enregistrée pour la longueur de la croupe (RpL) (cm) et la température rectale (RT) (0C). Alors que PSM, SAI et SV pour toutes les races de moutons étaient statistiquement similaires (p> 0,05) en valeurs et SC, SL et SNM étaient statistiquement différents (p <0,05) entre les races.

scholarly journals Effect of preservation time on the quality of frozen semen in indigenous rams

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
BBA Mahmuda ◽  
Azizun Nesa ◽  
BF Zohara ◽  
MGS Alam ◽  
FY Bari
Keyword(s):  
Semen Quality ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fresh Semen

The study was carried out to observe the effects of preservation time on the quality of frozen semen of indigenous rams. Semen was collected using AV once a week from 4 rams. Tris based with 10% egg yolk and 7% glycerol extender was used to extend and freezing the semen. Fresh semen was evaluated for volume, density, mass motility and concentration, and mean values were observed as 0.8±0.2ml, 3.0±0.3, 3.2±0.7, 3.9±0.7×109/ml, respectively. Significant difference (p<0.05) was found for all the parameters among the rams. Mean values of motility, viability and normal morphology percentages were 83.3±4.3%, 88.2±4.4%, 84.2±3.5% in fresh semen while those of chilled semen at 40C were 74.7±2.3, 78.8±4.9 and 79.2±2.9%, respectively. For all the parameters, significant (p<0.05) difference was found among the rams. Frozen sperm motility was observed after thawing at 39-400C for 14-15 seconds. The mean motility, viability and normal morphology percentages after freezing for 24hrs, 7, 15 and 30 days of duration were 39.8±3.1, 41.1±4.3, 40.1±4.1 and 39.4±2.9%; 44.5±2.5, 45.3±2.8, 44.6±2.8 and 43.9±2.8%; 71.0±2.0, 71.7±1.5, 70.7±1.7 and 70.3±1.8%, respectively and values did not decrease significantly (p>0.05) with the increasing time of preservation. Non significantly decrease of the semen quality with advance of preservation time indicates the suitability of the protocol used for freezing of indigenous ram semen in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v44i1.23113            Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 44 (1): 10-15

Semen characteristics of Awassi rams

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Juma ◽  
F. Dessouky
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Sperm Number ◽  
Sperm Production ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Sperm Abnormality ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction ◽  
Semen Characteristics ◽  
Mass Activity

SUMMARYOn the College of Agriculture farm in Abu-Ghraib 147 ejaculates were collected from three docked and four normal Awassi rams born during November 1962. The work covered a period from 1 April 1967 to 31 March 1968.Nine semen characters, namely, volume, mass activity, individual motility, sperm concentration, sperm number, pH, methylene blue reduction time and the percentages of abnormal and dead sperms, were studied. The effect of season and docking on these characters was investigated.Seasonal variation was observed in all traits studied. On the whole, semen quality was poorest during winter and best during summer. The effect of docking was more pronounced on sperm concentration, sperm number and percentage of abnormal sperms. Docking appeared to increase sperm production and reduce sperm abnormality.

Effect of zeolite nutrition on rumen ecosystem in dairy cow

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 155-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Moghaddam ◽  
A. Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction

Feeding dairy cows diet formulation by zeolite has been reported improved the efficiency of milk yield (Roussel, 1992). Lupez et al (1992) reported that efficiency of ion exchange in rumen was improved When animals fed with diets containing zeolite. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of zeolite concentration on rumen pH, liquid smell, bacterial flora, protozoa number, methylene blue reduction time and the sedimentation and flotation period.

249. Studies on the methylene-blue reduction test II. Comparison between the old and the modified methods

1940 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Matuszewski ◽  
J. Supińska
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Number ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

In order to compare the old and the modified methods of the methyleneblue reduction test, 185 samples of raw milk were examined. We followed Wilson's method absolutely, but included two tubes in each test, one of which was inverted and the other not.The results obtained and their interpretation agreed with the theoretical expectations given in our previous paper, and briefly outlined at the beginning of the present paper.It is found that the deviations in the reduction time, corresponding to a given initial number of cells, are smaller by the modified than by the old method, and that the average time of reduction is shorter.The smaller variation in the reduction time corresponding to a given number of cells at the beginning of the test is due probably to a more uniform distribution of the bacteria in the milk following the inversion of the tube. Wilson's suggestion that the shortening of the reduction time in the modified method is due to the stimulation of bacterial growth proves to be entirely correct. We obtained the average coefficients of multiplication in the old method of 0·660, and in the modified of 0·885.Our results confirm on the whole the positive value of the modification of the methylene-blue reduction test as suggested and worked out by Wilson.

204. The methylene blue reduction test and the keeping quality of milk

1938 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Considerable Importance ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
The Relationship

The keeping quality of milk is a factor which is of considerable importance from the commercial aspect, yet the relationship which exists between the keeping quality and the bacteriological standards as laid down in the Milk Special Designations Order, 1936, has not been fully explored. Wilson compared the keeping quality at 17·5°C. of samples of mixed morning and evening milk with the reduction times at different temperatures and found, in each case, a relatively poor correlation. Since the samples consisted of mixed morning and evening milk it is not possible to state the age of the milk when the tests were commenced. Much of the Tuberculin Tested milk sold in the Provinces is bottled on the farm, and consequently the milk produced in the morning is bottled separately from that produced in the evening.

212. Studies in mastitis. IV. Mastitis in relation to the methylene blue reduction test

1939 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McClemont ◽  
J. G. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Official Method ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Reduction Test ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction ◽  
Related Aspect ◽  
Methylene Blue Test

The adoption of the methylene blue test as an official method of grading milk in England makes this subject one of considerable importance. The predominating factor in this, as in other tests, is the condition of storage (time and temperature) of the sample. If mastitis affects the methylene blue reduction time of milk the factors responsible may be any or all of the following:(1) The mastitis organisms themselves.(2) Other organisms present (secondary invaders).(3) Body cells, e.g. the so-called leucocytes of milk and also blood cells.(4) Chemical changes in the milk as the result of the mastitis.A related aspect is the value of the methylene blue test on single cow or quarter samples as a test for mastitis.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION AND QUALITY OF FRESH COW MILK OFFERED FOR SALE IN PARTS OF PLATEAU STATE OF NIGERIA.

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
J. A. IBEAWUCHI ◽  
D. M. DALYOP
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Methylene Blue Reduction ◽  
Methylene Blue Test ◽  
Microscopic Count ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plateau State

The gross composition and quality of fresh cow milk purchased from Fulani milk vendors in three locations of Plateau State were investigated. Milk quality was assessed by the methylene blue reduction test while bacterial contamination was by the agar plate count and the direct microscopic count. The mean contents of total solids, butterfat, protein and ash of a total of 100 samples from Barkin Ladi, Jos and Bukuru markets were 12.45, 4.77, 3.90, 0.92; 12.85, 4.50, 3.68, 0.93; and 12.41, 5.26, 3.72, 0.91% respectively. The proximate constituents did not differ significantly between locations. The methylene blue test indicated that only 23.5% of the sample were of good quality while 41.2 and 35.3% were rated fair and poor respectively. No sample merited excellent rating. The agar plate count showed a range of 1.97 x 106 for Bukuru to 2.54 x 106 cells/ml for Jos market. The direct microscopic count showed the highest mean bacteria value for Barkin Ladi samples. The high bacterial counts as observed were probably indicative of poor milking hygiene and handling. It is suggested that such milk should be properly pasteurized before consumption and delivered/marketed early at source to reduce the time for microbial multiplication.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document